diff --git a/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/failed_payable_dao.rs b/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/failed_payable_dao.rs
index 7d9f2ae47..296bfe8d2 100644
--- a/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/failed_payable_dao.rs
+++ b/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/failed_payable_dao.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::utils::{
 };
 use crate::accountant::db_big_integer::big_int_divider::BigIntDivider;
 use crate::accountant::{checked_conversion, comma_joined_stringifiable};
-use crate::blockchain::errors::AppRpcError;
+use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::AppRpcErrorKind;
+use crate::blockchain::errors::validation_status::PreviousAttempts;
 use crate::database::rusqlite_wrappers::ConnectionWrapper;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use masq_lib::utils::ExpectValue;
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ pub enum FailedPayableDaoError {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum FailureReason {
-    Submission(AppRpcError),
+    Submission(AppRpcErrorKind),
     Reverted,
     PendingTooLong,
 }
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ impl FromStr for FailureStatus {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum ValidationStatus {
     Waiting,
-    Reattempting { attempt: usize, error: AppRpcError },
+    Reattempting(PreviousAttempts),
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -381,8 +382,12 @@ mod tests {
         make_read_only_db_connection, FailedTxBuilder,
     };
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::utils::current_unix_timestamp;
-    use crate::blockchain::errors::{AppRpcError, LocalError, RemoteError};
-    use crate::blockchain::test_utils::make_tx_hash;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::AppRpcErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::validation_status::{
+        PreviousAttempts, ValidationFailureClockReal,
+    };
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::BlockchainErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::test_utils::{make_tx_hash, ValidationFailureClockMock};
     use crate::database::db_initializer::{
         DbInitializationConfig, DbInitializer, DbInitializerReal,
     };
@@ -390,7 +395,9 @@ mod tests {
     use masq_lib::test_utils::utils::ensure_node_home_directory_exists;
     use rusqlite::Connection;
     use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+    use std::ops::Add;
     use std::str::FromStr;
+    use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};
 
     #[test]
     fn insert_new_records_works() {
@@ -584,11 +591,8 @@ mod tests {
     fn failure_reason_from_str_works() {
         // Submission error
         assert_eq!(
-            FailureReason::from_str(r#"{"Submission":{"Local":{"Decoder":"Test decoder error"}}}"#)
-                .unwrap(),
-            FailureReason::Submission(AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder(
-                "Test decoder error".to_string()
-            )))
+            FailureReason::from_str(r#"{"Submission":{"Local":{"Decoder"}}}"#).unwrap(),
+            FailureReason::Submission(AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder)
         );
 
         // Reverted
@@ -620,6 +624,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn failure_status_from_str_works() {
+        let validation_failure_clock = ValidationFailureClockMock::default().now_result(
+            SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH
+                .add(Duration::from_secs(1755080031))
+                .add(Duration::from_nanos(612180914)),
+        );
         assert_eq!(
             FailureStatus::from_str("\"RetryRequired\"").unwrap(),
             FailureStatus::RetryRequired
@@ -631,8 +640,8 @@ mod tests {
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
-            FailureStatus::from_str(r#"{"RecheckRequired":{"Reattempting":{"attempt":2,"error":{"Remote":"Unreachable"}}}}"#).unwrap(),
-            FailureStatus::RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting { attempt: 2, error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable) })
+            FailureStatus::from_str(r#"{"RecheckRequired":{"Reattempting":{"ServerUnreachable":{"firstSeen":{"secs_since_epoch":1755080031,"nanos_since_epoch":612180914},"attempts":1}}}}"#).unwrap(),
+            FailureStatus::RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting( PreviousAttempts::new(BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable), &validation_failure_clock)))
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
@@ -713,10 +722,12 @@ mod tests {
         let tx3 = FailedTxBuilder::default()
             .hash(make_tx_hash(3))
             .reason(PendingTooLong)
-            .status(RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting {
-                attempt: 1,
-                error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-            }))
+            .status(RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(
+                PreviousAttempts::new(
+                    BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                    &ValidationFailureClockReal::default(),
+                ),
+            )))
             .build();
         let tx4 = FailedTxBuilder::default()
             .hash(make_tx_hash(4))
@@ -768,10 +779,10 @@ mod tests {
             (tx1.hash, Concluded),
             (
                 tx2.hash,
-                RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting {
-                    attempt: 1,
-                    error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-                }),
+                RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(PreviousAttempts::new(
+                    BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                    &ValidationFailureClockReal::default(),
+                ))),
             ),
             (tx3.hash, Concluded),
         ]);
@@ -785,10 +796,10 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(tx2.status, RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Waiting));
         assert_eq!(
             updated_txs[1].status,
-            RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting {
-                attempt: 1,
-                error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable)
-            })
+            RecheckRequired(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(PreviousAttempts::new(
+                BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                &ValidationFailureClockReal::default()
+            )))
         );
         assert_eq!(tx3.status, RetryRequired);
         assert_eq!(updated_txs[2].status, Concluded);
diff --git a/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/sent_payable_dao.rs b/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/sent_payable_dao.rs
index ac3fbec86..a79e8ffbd 100644
--- a/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/sent_payable_dao.rs
+++ b/node/src/accountant/db_access_objects/sent_payable_dao.rs
@@ -424,8 +424,10 @@ impl SentPayableDao for SentPayableDaoReal<'_> {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+    use std::ops::Add;
     use std::str::FromStr;
     use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+    use std::time::{Duration, UNIX_EPOCH};
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::sent_payable_dao::{Detection, RetrieveCondition, SentPayableDao, SentPayableDaoError, SentPayableDaoReal, TxConfirmation, TxStatus};
     use crate::database::db_initializer::{
         DbInitializationConfig, DbInitializer, DbInitializerReal,
@@ -439,8 +441,10 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::sent_payable_dao::SentPayableDaoError::{EmptyInput, PartialExecution};
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::test_utils::{make_read_only_db_connection, TxBuilder};
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::lower_level_interface_web3::{TransactionBlock};
-    use crate::blockchain::errors::{AppRpcError, RemoteError};
-    use crate::blockchain::test_utils::{make_block_hash, make_tx_hash};
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::BlockchainErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::AppRpcErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::validation_status::{PreviousAttempts, ValidationFailureClockReal};
+    use crate::blockchain::test_utils::{make_block_hash, make_tx_hash, ValidationFailureClockMock};
 
     #[test]
     fn insert_new_records_works() {
@@ -452,10 +456,16 @@ mod tests {
         let tx1 = TxBuilder::default().hash(make_tx_hash(1)).build();
         let tx2 = TxBuilder::default()
             .hash(make_tx_hash(2))
-            .status(TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting {
-                attempt: 2,
-                error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-            }))
+            .status(TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(
+                PreviousAttempts::new(
+                    BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                    &ValidationFailureClockReal::default(),
+                )
+                .add_attempt(
+                    BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                    &ValidationFailureClockReal::default(),
+                ),
+            )))
             .build();
         let subject = SentPayableDaoReal::new(wrapped_conn);
         let txs = vec![tx1, tx2];
@@ -682,10 +692,12 @@ mod tests {
             .build();
         let tx2 = TxBuilder::default()
             .hash(make_tx_hash(2))
-            .status(TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting {
-                attempt: 1,
-                error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-            }))
+            .status(TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(
+                PreviousAttempts::new(
+                    BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable),
+                    &ValidationFailureClockReal::default(),
+                ),
+            )))
             .build();
         let tx3 = TxBuilder::default()
             .hash(make_tx_hash(3))
@@ -1169,14 +1181,16 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn tx_status_from_str_works() {
+        let validation_failure_clock = ValidationFailureClockMock::default()
+            .now_result(UNIX_EPOCH.add(Duration::from_secs(12456)));
         assert_eq!(
             TxStatus::from_str(r#"{"Pending":"Waiting"}"#).unwrap(),
             TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Waiting)
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
-            TxStatus::from_str(r#"{"Pending":{"Reattempting":{"attempt":3,"error":{"Remote":{"InvalidResponse":"bluh"}}}}}"#).unwrap(),
-            TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting { attempt: 3, error: AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse("bluh".to_string())) })
+            TxStatus::from_str(r#"{"Pending":{"Reattempting":{"InvalidResponse":{"firstSeen":{"secs_since_epoch":12456,"nanos_since_epoch":0},"attempts":1}}}}"#).unwrap(),
+            TxStatus::Pending(ValidationStatus::Reattempting(PreviousAttempts::new(BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::InvalidResponse), &validation_failure_clock)))
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
diff --git a/node/src/accountant/mod.rs b/node/src/accountant/mod.rs
index 39ead2d76..2ca502557 100644
--- a/node/src/accountant/mod.rs
+++ b/node/src/accountant/mod.rs
@@ -4020,7 +4020,7 @@ mod tests {
         // the first message. Now we reset the state by ending the first scan by a failure and see
         // that the third scan request is going to be accepted willingly again.
         addr.try_send(SentPayables {
-            payment_procedure_result: Err(PayableTransactionError::Signing("bluh".to_string())),
+            payment_procedure_result: Err(PayableTransactionError::Signing("blah".to_string())),
             response_skeleton_opt: Some(ResponseSkeleton {
                 client_id: 1122,
                 context_id: 7788,
diff --git a/node/src/accountant/scanners/mod.rs b/node/src/accountant/scanners/mod.rs
index 02aa19459..d49cf3efc 100644
--- a/node/src/accountant/scanners/mod.rs
+++ b/node/src/accountant/scanners/mod.rs
@@ -9,19 +9,18 @@ pub mod test_utils;
 
 use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::payable_dao::{PayableAccount, PayableDao};
 use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::pending_payable_dao::{PendingPayable, PendingPayableDao};
-use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::receivable_dao::ReceivableDao;
 use crate::accountant::payment_adjuster::{PaymentAdjuster, PaymentAdjusterReal};
 use crate::accountant::scanners::scanners_utils::payable_scanner_utils::PayableTransactingErrorEnum::{
     LocallyCausedError, RemotelyCausedErrors,
 };
 use crate::accountant::scanners::scanners_utils::payable_scanner_utils::{debugging_summary_after_error_separation, err_msg_for_failure_with_expected_but_missing_fingerprints, investigate_debt_extremes, mark_pending_payable_fatal_error, payables_debug_summary, separate_errors, separate_rowids_and_hashes, OperationOutcome, PayableScanResult, PayableThresholdsGauge, PayableThresholdsGaugeReal, PayableTransactingErrorEnum, PendingPayableMetadata};
-use crate::accountant::{PendingPayableId, ScanError, ScanForPendingPayables, ScanForRetryPayables};
+use crate::accountant::{ScanError, ScanForPendingPayables, ScanForRetryPayables};
 use crate::accountant::{
     comma_joined_stringifiable, gwei_to_wei, ReceivedPayments,
     ReportTransactionReceipts, RequestTransactionReceipts, ResponseSkeleton, ScanForNewPayables,
     ScanForReceivables, SentPayables,
 };
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_bridge::{BlockMarker, PendingPayableFingerprint, RetrieveTransactions};
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_bridge::{RetrieveTransactions};
 use crate::sub_lib::accountant::{
     DaoFactories, FinancialStatistics, PaymentThresholds,
 };
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ use crate::accountant::scanners::payable_scanner_extension::msgs::{BlockchainAge
 use crate::accountant::scanners::pending_payable_scanner::PendingPayableScanner;
 use crate::accountant::scanners::pending_payable_scanner::utils::PendingPayableScanResult;
 use crate::accountant::scanners::receivable_scanner::ReceivableScanner;
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::lower_level_interface_web3::{TxStatus};
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::PayableTransactionError;
 use crate::db_config::persistent_configuration::{PersistentConfigurationReal};
 
@@ -976,10 +974,10 @@ mod tests {
     };
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::utils::{from_unix_timestamp, to_unix_timestamp};
     use crate::accountant::scanners::payable_scanner_extension::msgs::{QualifiedPayablesBeforeGasPriceSelection, QualifiedPayablesMessage, UnpricedQualifiedPayables};
-    use crate::accountant::scanners::scanners_utils::payable_scanner_utils::{OperationOutcome, PayableScanResult, PendingPayableMetadata};
+    use crate::accountant::scanners::scanners_utils::payable_scanner_utils::{OperationOutcome, PayableScanResult};
     use crate::accountant::scanners::{Scanner, StartScanError, StartableScanner, PayableScanner, PendingPayableScanner, ReceivableScanner, ScannerCommon, Scanners, ManulTriggerError};
     use crate::accountant::test_utils::{make_custom_payment_thresholds, make_payable_account, make_qualified_and_unqualified_payables, make_pending_payable_fingerprint, make_receivable_account, BannedDaoFactoryMock, BannedDaoMock, ConfigDaoFactoryMock, PayableDaoFactoryMock, PayableDaoMock, PayableScannerBuilder, PayableThresholdsGaugeMock, PendingPayableDaoFactoryMock, PendingPayableDaoMock, PendingPayableScannerBuilder, ReceivableDaoFactoryMock, ReceivableDaoMock, ReceivableScannerBuilder};
-    use crate::accountant::{gwei_to_wei, PendingPayableId, ReceivedPayments, ReportTransactionReceipts, RequestTransactionReceipts, ScanError, ScanForRetryPayables, SentPayables, DEFAULT_PENDING_TOO_LONG_SEC};
+    use crate::accountant::{gwei_to_wei, ReceivedPayments, ReportTransactionReceipts, RequestTransactionReceipts, ScanError, ScanForRetryPayables, SentPayables};
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_bridge::{BlockMarker, PendingPayableFingerprint, RetrieveTransactions};
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::PayableTransactionError;
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::{
@@ -1004,13 +1002,11 @@ mod tests {
     use regex::{Regex};
     use rusqlite::{ffi, ErrorCode};
     use std::cell::RefCell;
-    use std::collections::HashSet;
-    use std::ops::Sub;
     use std::panic::{catch_unwind, AssertUnwindSafe};
     use std::rc::Rc;
     use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
     use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};
-    use web3::types::{TransactionReceipt, H256};
+    use web3::types::{H256};
     use web3::Error;
     use masq_lib::messages::ScanType;
     use masq_lib::ui_gateway::NodeToUiMessage;
@@ -3099,7 +3095,7 @@ mod tests {
             ScanError {
                 scan_type,
                 response_skeleton_opt: None,
-                msg: "bluh".to_string(),
+                msg: "blah".to_string(),
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/node/src/accountant/scanners/scanners_utils.rs b/node/src/accountant/scanners/scanners_utils.rs
index 971030e14..3747728ab 100644
--- a/node/src/accountant/scanners/scanners_utils.rs
+++ b/node/src/accountant/scanners/scanners_utils.rs
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ mod tests {
     use masq_lib::test_utils::logging::{init_test_logging, TestLogHandler};
     use std::time::SystemTime;
     use crate::accountant::db_access_objects::pending_payable_dao::PendingPayable;
-    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainError, PayableTransactionError};
+    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainInterfaceError, PayableTransactionError};
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::{ProcessedPayableFallible, RpcPayableFailure};
 
     #[test]
@@ -645,11 +645,11 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn count_total_errors_says_unknown_number_for_early_local_errors() {
         let early_local_errors = [
-            PayableTransactionError::TransactionID(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            PayableTransactionError::TransactionID(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "blah".to_string(),
             )),
             PayableTransactionError::MissingConsumingWallet,
-            PayableTransactionError::GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            PayableTransactionError::GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "ouch".to_string(),
             )),
             PayableTransactionError::UnusableWallet("fooo".to_string()),
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_bridge.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_bridge.rs
index e427ab934..421fc6bd5 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_bridge.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_bridge.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::accountant::{ReportTransactionReceipts, RequestTransactionReceipts};
 use crate::actor_system_factory::SubsFactory;
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::HashAndAmount;
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{
-    BlockchainError, PayableTransactionError,
+    BlockchainInterfaceError, PayableTransactionError,
 };
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::ProcessedPayableFallible;
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::BlockchainInterface;
@@ -505,12 +505,13 @@ impl BlockchainBridge {
             .expect("Accountant unbound")
     }
 
-    pub fn extract_max_block_count(error: BlockchainError) -> Option<u64> {
+    pub fn extract_max_block_count(error: BlockchainInterfaceError) -> Option<u64> {
         let regex_result =
             Regex::new(r".* (max: |allowed for your plan: |is limited to |block range limit \(|exceeds max block range )(?P<max_block_count>\d+).*")
                 .expect("Invalid regex");
         let max_block_count = match error {
-            BlockchainError::QueryFailed(msg) => match regex_result.captures(msg.as_str()) {
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(msg) => match regex_result.captures(msg.as_str())
+            {
                 Some(captures) => match captures.name("max_block_count") {
                     Some(m) => match m.as_str().parse::<u64>() {
                         Ok(value) => Some(value),
@@ -821,7 +822,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(accountant_recording.len(), 0);
         let service_fee_balance_error = BlockchainAgentBuildError::ServiceFeeBalance(
             consuming_wallet.address(),
-            BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "Api error: Transport error: Error(IncompleteMessage)".to_string(),
             ),
         );
@@ -1129,7 +1130,7 @@ mod tests {
         let error_result = result.unwrap_err();
         assert_eq!(
             error_result,
-            TransactionID(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            TransactionID(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "Decoder error: Error(\"0x prefix is missing\", line: 0, column: 0) for wallet 0x2581…7849".to_string()
             ))
         );
@@ -2127,7 +2128,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_from_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"eth_getLogs block range too large, range: 33636, max: 3500\", data: None }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"eth_getLogs block range too large, range: 33636, max: 3500\", data: None }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2136,7 +2137,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_from_pokt_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("Rpc(Error { code: ServerError(-32001), message: \"Relay request failed validation: invalid relay request: eth_getLogs block range limit (100000 blocks) exceeded\", data: None })".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("Rpc(Error { code: ServerError(-32001), message: \"Relay request failed validation: invalid relay request: eth_getLogs block range limit (100000 blocks) exceeded\", data: None })".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2152,7 +2153,7 @@ mod tests {
     */
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_ankr_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32600), message: \"block range is too wide\", data: None }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32600), message: \"block range is too wide\", data: None }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2165,7 +2166,7 @@ mod tests {
     */
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_matic_vigil_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"Blockheight too far in the past. Check params passed to eth_getLogs or eth_call requests.Range of blocks allowed for your plan: 1000\", data: None }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"Blockheight too far in the past. Check params passed to eth_getLogs or eth_call requests.Range of blocks allowed for your plan: 1000\", data: None }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2178,7 +2179,7 @@ mod tests {
     */
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_blockpi_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"eth_getLogs is limited to 1024 block range. Please check the parameter requirements at  https://docs.blockpi.io/documentations/api-reference\", data: None }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32005), message: \"eth_getLogs is limited to 1024 block range. Please check the parameter requirements at  https://docs.blockpi.io/documentations/api-reference\", data: None }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2193,7 +2194,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_blastapi_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32601), message: \"Method not found\", data: \"'eth_getLogs' is not available on our public API. Head over to https://docs.blastapi.io/blast-documentation/tutorials-and-guides/using-blast-to-get-a-blockchain-endpoint for more information\" }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: ServerError(-32601), message: \"Method not found\", data: \"'eth_getLogs' is not available on our public API. Head over to https://docs.blastapi.io/blast-documentation/tutorials-and-guides/using-blast-to-get-a-blockchain-endpoint for more information\" }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2202,7 +2203,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_nodies_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: InvalidParams, message: \"query exceeds max block range 100000\", data: None }".to_string());
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed("RPC error: Error { code: InvalidParams, message: \"query exceeds max block range 100000\", data: None }".to_string());
 
         let max_block_count = BlockchainBridge::extract_max_block_count(result);
 
@@ -2211,7 +2212,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn extract_max_block_range_for_expected_batch_got_single_error_response() {
-        let result = BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+        let result = BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
             "Got invalid response: Expected batch, got single.".to_string(),
         );
 
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/lower_level_interface_web3.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/lower_level_interface_web3.rs
index b91e2c924..c93c07b53 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/lower_level_interface_web3.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/lower_level_interface_web3.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2019, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::CONTRACT_ABI;
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainError;
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainError::QueryFailed;
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainInterfaceError;
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed;
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::lower_level_interface::LowBlockchainInt;
 use ethereum_types::{H256, U256, U64};
 use futures::Future;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
     fn get_transaction_fee_balance(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.web3
                 .eth()
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
     fn get_service_fee_balance(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.contract
                 .query("balanceOf", address, None, Options::default(), None)
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
         )
     }
 
-    fn get_gas_price(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    fn get_gas_price(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.web3
                 .eth()
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
         )
     }
 
-    fn get_block_number(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U64, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    fn get_block_number(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U64, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.web3
                 .eth()
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
     fn get_transaction_id(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.web3
                 .eth()
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
     fn get_transaction_receipt_in_batch(
         &self,
         hash_vec: Vec<H256>,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Result<Value, Error>>, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Result<Value, Error>>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         hash_vec.into_iter().for_each(|hash| {
             self.web3_batch.eth().transaction_receipt(hash);
         });
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ impl LowBlockchainInt for LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
     fn get_transaction_logs(
         &self,
         filter: Filter,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Log>, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Log>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>> {
         Box::new(
             self.web3
                 .eth()
@@ -220,8 +220,8 @@ impl LowBlockchainIntWeb3 {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::TRANSACTION_LITERAL;
-    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainError::QueryFailed;
-    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::{BlockchainError, BlockchainInterface};
+    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed;
+    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::{BlockchainInterfaceError, BlockchainInterface};
     use crate::blockchain::test_utils::make_blockchain_interface_web3;
     use crate::sub_lib::wallet::Wallet;
     use crate::test_utils::make_wallet;
@@ -269,7 +269,9 @@ mod tests {
             .wait();
 
         match result {
-            Err(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(msg)) if msg.contains("invalid hex character: Q") => {
+            Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(msg))
+                if msg.contains("invalid hex character: Q") =>
+            {
                 ()
             }
             x => panic!("Expected complaint about hex character, but got {:?}", x),
@@ -377,7 +379,9 @@ mod tests {
             .wait();
 
         match result {
-            Err(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(msg)) if msg.contains("invalid hex character: Q") => {
+            Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(msg))
+                if msg.contains("invalid hex character: Q") =>
+            {
                 ()
             }
             x => panic!("Expected complaint about hex character, but got {:?}", x),
@@ -430,8 +434,11 @@ mod tests {
             .wait();
 
         let err_msg = match result {
-            Err(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(msg)) => msg,
-            x => panic!("Expected BlockchainError::QueryFailed, but got {:?}", x),
+            Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(msg)) => msg,
+            x => panic!(
+                "Expected BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed, but got {:?}",
+                x
+            ),
         };
         assert!(
             err_msg.contains(expected_err_msg),
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/mod.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/mod.rs
index 81c7fe62d..bb9cde491 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/mod.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/blockchain_interface_web3/mod.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ pub mod lower_level_interface_web3;
 mod utils;
 
 use std::cmp::PartialEq;
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainError, PayableTransactionError};
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainInterfaceError, PayableTransactionError};
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::{BlockchainTransaction, ProcessedPayableFallible};
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::lower_level_interface::LowBlockchainInt;
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::RetrievedBlockchainTransactions;
@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ impl BlockchainInterface for BlockchainInterfaceWeb3 {
         start_block_marker: BlockMarker,
         scan_range: BlockScanRange,
         recipient: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = RetrievedBlockchainTransactions, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = RetrievedBlockchainTransactions, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>
+    {
         let lower_level_interface = self.lower_interface();
         let logger = self.logger.clone();
         let contract_address = lower_level_interface.get_contract_address();
@@ -213,7 +214,8 @@ impl BlockchainInterface for BlockchainInterfaceWeb3 {
     fn process_transaction_receipts(
         &self,
         transaction_hashes: Vec<H256>,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<TransactionReceiptResult>, Error = BlockchainError>> {
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<TransactionReceiptResult>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>
+    {
         Box::new(
             self.lower_interface()
                 .get_transaction_receipt_in_batch(transaction_hashes.clone())
@@ -366,7 +368,7 @@ impl BlockchainInterfaceWeb3 {
     fn calculate_end_block_marker(
         start_block_marker: BlockMarker,
         scan_range: BlockScanRange,
-        rpc_block_number_result: Result<U64, BlockchainError>,
+        rpc_block_number_result: Result<U64, BlockchainInterfaceError>,
         logger: &Logger,
     ) -> BlockMarker {
         let locally_determined_end_block_marker = match (start_block_marker, scan_range) {
@@ -398,9 +400,9 @@ impl BlockchainInterfaceWeb3 {
     }
 
     fn handle_transaction_logs(
-        logs_result: Result<Vec<Log>, BlockchainError>,
+        logs_result: Result<Vec<Log>, BlockchainInterfaceError>,
         logger: &Logger,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<BlockchainTransaction>, BlockchainError> {
+    ) -> Result<Vec<BlockchainTransaction>, BlockchainInterfaceError> {
         let logs = logs_result?;
         let logs_len = logs.len();
         if logs
@@ -412,7 +414,7 @@ impl BlockchainInterfaceWeb3 {
                 "Invalid response from blockchain server: {:?}",
                 logs
             );
-            Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse)
+            Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse)
         } else {
             let transactions: Vec<BlockchainTransaction> =
                 Self::extract_transactions_from_logs(logs);
@@ -438,10 +440,10 @@ mod tests {
         BlockchainInterfaceWeb3, CONTRACT_ABI, REQUESTS_IN_PARALLEL, TRANSACTION_LITERAL,
         TRANSFER_METHOD_ID,
     };
-    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainError::QueryFailed;
+    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed;
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::BlockchainTransaction;
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::{
-        BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainError, BlockchainInterface,
+        BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainInterfaceError, BlockchainInterface,
         RetrievedBlockchainTransactions,
     };
     use crate::blockchain::test_utils::{all_chains, make_blockchain_interface_web3, ReceiptResponseBuilder};
@@ -733,7 +735,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!(
             result.expect_err("Expected an Err, got Ok"),
-            BlockchainError::InvalidResponse
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse
         );
     }
 
@@ -757,7 +759,7 @@ mod tests {
             )
             .wait();
 
-        assert_eq!(result, Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse));
+        assert_eq!(result, Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -1007,7 +1009,7 @@ mod tests {
         let expected_err_factory = |wallet: &Wallet| {
             BlockchainAgentBuildError::TransactionFeeBalance(
                 wallet.address(),
-                BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+                BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                     "Transport error: Error(IncompleteMessage)".to_string(),
                 ),
             )
@@ -1029,7 +1031,7 @@ mod tests {
         let expected_err_factory = |wallet: &Wallet| {
             BlockchainAgentBuildError::ServiceFeeBalance(
                 wallet.address(),
-                BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+                BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                     "Api error: Transport error: Error(IncompleteMessage)".to_string(),
                 ),
             )
@@ -1207,7 +1209,7 @@ mod tests {
             Subject::calculate_end_block_marker(
                 BlockMarker::Uninitialized,
                 BlockScanRange::NoLimit,
-                Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+                Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
                 &logger
             ),
             BlockMarker::Uninitialized
@@ -1225,7 +1227,7 @@ mod tests {
             Subject::calculate_end_block_marker(
                 BlockMarker::Uninitialized,
                 BlockScanRange::Range(100),
-                Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+                Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
                 &logger
             ),
             BlockMarker::Uninitialized
@@ -1243,7 +1245,7 @@ mod tests {
             Subject::calculate_end_block_marker(
                 BlockMarker::Value(50),
                 BlockScanRange::NoLimit,
-                Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+                Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
                 &logger
             ),
             BlockMarker::Uninitialized
@@ -1261,7 +1263,7 @@ mod tests {
             Subject::calculate_end_block_marker(
                 BlockMarker::Value(50),
                 BlockScanRange::Range(100),
-                Err(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+                Err(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
                 &logger
             ),
             BlockMarker::Value(150)
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/data_structures/errors.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/data_structures/errors.rs
index 3084accfb..ffdfa4c20 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/data_structures/errors.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/data_structures/errors.rs
@@ -11,24 +11,22 @@ const BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED: &str = "Uninitialized blockchain int
 being delinquency-banned, you should restart the Node with a value for blockchain-service-url";
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, VariantCount)]
-pub enum BlockchainError {
+pub enum BlockchainInterfaceError {
     InvalidUrl,
     InvalidAddress,
     InvalidResponse,
     QueryFailed(String),
-    UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+    UninitializedInterface,
 }
 
-impl Display for BlockchainError {
+impl Display for BlockchainInterfaceError {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         let err_spec = match self {
             Self::InvalidUrl => Either::Left("Invalid url"),
             Self::InvalidAddress => Either::Left("Invalid address"),
             Self::InvalidResponse => Either::Left("Invalid response"),
             Self::QueryFailed(msg) => Either::Right(format!("Query failed: {}", msg)),
-            Self::UninitializedBlockchainInterface => {
-                Either::Left(BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED)
-            }
+            Self::UninitializedInterface => Either::Left(BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED),
         };
         write!(f, "Blockchain error: {}", err_spec)
     }
@@ -37,12 +35,12 @@ impl Display for BlockchainError {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, VariantCount)]
 pub enum PayableTransactionError {
     MissingConsumingWallet,
-    GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainError),
-    TransactionID(BlockchainError),
+    GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainInterfaceError),
+    TransactionID(BlockchainInterfaceError),
     UnusableWallet(String),
     Signing(String),
     Sending { msg: String, hashes: Vec<H256> },
-    UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+    UninitializedInterface,
 }
 
 impl Display for PayableTransactionError {
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@ impl Display for PayableTransactionError {
                 msg,
                 comma_joined_stringifiable(hashes, |hash| format!("{:?}", hash))
             ),
-            Self::UninitializedBlockchainInterface => {
+            Self::UninitializedInterface => {
                 write!(f, "{}", BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED)
             }
         }
@@ -78,10 +76,10 @@ impl Display for PayableTransactionError {
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, VariantCount)]
 pub enum BlockchainAgentBuildError {
-    GasPrice(BlockchainError),
-    TransactionFeeBalance(Address, BlockchainError),
-    ServiceFeeBalance(Address, BlockchainError),
-    UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+    GasPrice(BlockchainInterfaceError),
+    TransactionFeeBalance(Address, BlockchainInterfaceError),
+    ServiceFeeBalance(Address, BlockchainInterfaceError),
+    UninitializedInterface,
 }
 
 impl Display for BlockchainAgentBuildError {
@@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ impl Display for BlockchainAgentBuildError {
                 "masq balance for our earning wallet {:#x} due to {}",
                 address, blockchain_e
             )),
-            Self::UninitializedBlockchainInterface => {
+            Self::UninitializedInterface => {
                 Either::Right(BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED.to_string())
             }
         };
@@ -119,7 +117,9 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{
         PayableTransactionError, BLOCKCHAIN_SERVICE_URL_NOT_SPECIFIED,
     };
-    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::{BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainError};
+    use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::{
+        BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainInterfaceError,
+    };
     use crate::blockchain::test_utils::make_tx_hash;
     use crate::test_utils::make_wallet;
     use masq_lib::utils::{slice_of_strs_to_vec_of_strings, to_string};
@@ -136,20 +136,20 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn blockchain_error_implements_display() {
         let original_errors = [
-            BlockchainError::InvalidUrl,
-            BlockchainError::InvalidAddress,
-            BlockchainError::InvalidResponse,
-            BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidUrl,
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidAddress,
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse,
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "Don't query so often, it gives me a headache".to_string(),
             ),
-            BlockchainError::UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::UninitializedInterface,
         ];
 
         let actual_error_msgs = original_errors.iter().map(to_string).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
         assert_eq!(
             original_errors.len(),
-            BlockchainError::VARIANT_COUNT,
+            BlockchainInterfaceError::VARIANT_COUNT,
             "you forgot to add all variants in this test"
         );
         assert_eq!(
@@ -168,10 +168,10 @@ mod tests {
     fn payable_payment_error_implements_display() {
         let original_errors = [
             PayableTransactionError::MissingConsumingWallet,
-            PayableTransactionError::GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainError::QueryFailed(
+            PayableTransactionError::GasPriceQueryFailed(BlockchainInterfaceError::QueryFailed(
                 "Gas halves shut, no drop left".to_string(),
             )),
-            PayableTransactionError::TransactionID(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+            PayableTransactionError::TransactionID(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
             PayableTransactionError::UnusableWallet(
                 "This is a LEATHER wallet, not LEDGER wallet, stupid.".to_string(),
             ),
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ mod tests {
                 msg: "Sending to cosmos belongs elsewhere".to_string(),
                 hashes: vec![make_tx_hash(0x6f), make_tx_hash(0xde)],
             },
-            PayableTransactionError::UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+            PayableTransactionError::UninitializedInterface,
         ];
 
         let actual_error_msgs = original_errors.iter().map(to_string).collect::<Vec<_>>();
@@ -213,16 +213,16 @@ mod tests {
     fn blockchain_agent_build_error_implements_display() {
         let wallet = make_wallet("abc");
         let original_errors = [
-            BlockchainAgentBuildError::GasPrice(BlockchainError::InvalidResponse),
+            BlockchainAgentBuildError::GasPrice(BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse),
             BlockchainAgentBuildError::TransactionFeeBalance(
                 wallet.address(),
-                BlockchainError::InvalidResponse,
+                BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidResponse,
             ),
             BlockchainAgentBuildError::ServiceFeeBalance(
                 wallet.address(),
-                BlockchainError::InvalidAddress,
+                BlockchainInterfaceError::InvalidAddress,
             ),
-            BlockchainAgentBuildError::UninitializedBlockchainInterface,
+            BlockchainAgentBuildError::UninitializedInterface,
         ];
 
         let actual_error_msgs = original_errors.iter().map(to_string).collect::<Vec<_>>();
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/lower_level_interface.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/lower_level_interface.rs
index c8653f985..6ae07dca2 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/lower_level_interface.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/lower_level_interface.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2019, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainError;
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::BlockchainInterfaceError;
 use ethereum_types::{H256, U64};
 use futures::Future;
 use serde_json::Value;
@@ -15,33 +15,33 @@ pub trait LowBlockchainInt {
     fn get_transaction_fee_balance(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn get_service_fee_balance(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
-    fn get_gas_price(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    fn get_gas_price(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
-    fn get_block_number(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U64, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    fn get_block_number(&self) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U64, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn get_transaction_id(
         &self,
         address: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = U256, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn get_transaction_receipt_in_batch(
         &self,
         hash_vec: Vec<H256>,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Result<Value, Error>>, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Result<Value, Error>>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn get_contract_address(&self) -> Address;
 
     fn get_transaction_logs(
         &self,
         filter: Filter,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Log>, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<Log>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn get_web3_batch(&self) -> Web3<Batch<Http>>;
 }
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/mod.rs b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/mod.rs
index 242bf433f..eb736b2a3 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/mod.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/blockchain_interface/mod.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pub mod lower_level_interface;
 
 use actix::Recipient;
 use ethereum_types::H256;
-use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainError, PayableTransactionError};
+use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::errors::{BlockchainAgentBuildError, BlockchainInterfaceError, PayableTransactionError};
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::data_structures::{ProcessedPayableFallible, RetrievedBlockchainTransactions};
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::lower_level_interface::LowBlockchainInt;
 use crate::sub_lib::wallet::Wallet;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub trait BlockchainInterface {
         start_block: BlockMarker,
         scan_range: BlockScanRange,
         recipient: Address,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = RetrievedBlockchainTransactions, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = RetrievedBlockchainTransactions, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn introduce_blockchain_agent(
         &self,
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub trait BlockchainInterface {
     fn process_transaction_receipts(
         &self,
         transaction_hashes: Vec<H256>,
-    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<TransactionReceiptResult>, Error = BlockchainError>>;
+    ) -> Box<dyn Future<Item = Vec<TransactionReceiptResult>, Error = BlockchainInterfaceError>>;
 
     fn submit_payables_in_batch(
         &self,
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/errors.rs b/node/src/blockchain/errors.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 865bea29c..000000000
--- a/node/src/blockchain/errors.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use web3::error::Error as Web3Error;
-
-// Prefixed with App to clearly distinguish app-specific errors from library errors.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub enum AppRpcError {
-    Local(LocalError),
-    Remote(RemoteError),
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub enum LocalError {
-    Decoder(String),
-    Internal,
-    Io(String),
-    Signing(String),
-    Transport(String),
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub enum RemoteError {
-    InvalidResponse(String),
-    Unreachable,
-    Web3RpcError { code: i64, message: String },
-}
-
-// EVM based errors
-impl From<Web3Error> for AppRpcError {
-    fn from(error: Web3Error) -> Self {
-        match error {
-            // Local Errors
-            Web3Error::Decoder(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder(error)),
-            Web3Error::Internal => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal),
-            Web3Error::Io(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io(error.to_string())),
-            Web3Error::Signing(error) => {
-                // This variant cannot be tested due to import limitations.
-                AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Signing(error.to_string()))
-            }
-            Web3Error::Transport(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport(error)),
-
-            // Api Errors
-            Web3Error::InvalidResponse(response) => {
-                AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse(response))
-            }
-            Web3Error::Rpc(web3_rpc_error) => AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
-                code: web3_rpc_error.code.code(),
-                message: web3_rpc_error.message,
-            }),
-            Web3Error::Unreachable => AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-mod tests {
-    use crate::blockchain::errors::{AppRpcError, LocalError, RemoteError};
-    use web3::error::Error as Web3Error;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn web3_error_to_failure_reason_conversion_works() {
-        // Local Errors
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Decoder("Decoder error".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder("Decoder error".to_string()))
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Internal),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal)
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Io(std::io::Error::new(
-                std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
-                "IO error"
-            ))),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io("IO error".to_string()))
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Transport("Transport error".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport("Transport error".to_string()))
-        );
-
-        // Api Errors
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::InvalidResponse("Invalid response".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse("Invalid response".to_string()))
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Rpc(jsonrpc_core::types::error::Error {
-                code: jsonrpc_core::types::error::ErrorCode::ServerError(42),
-                message: "RPC error".to_string(),
-                data: None,
-            })),
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
-                code: 42,
-                message: "RPC error".to_string(),
-            })
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Unreachable),
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable)
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn app_rpc_error_serialization_deserialization() {
-        let errors = vec![
-            // Local Errors
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder("Decoder error".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io("IO error".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Signing("Signing error".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport("Transport error".to_string())),
-            // Remote Errors
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse("Invalid response".to_string())),
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
-            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
-                code: 42,
-                message: "RPC error".to_string(),
-            }),
-        ];
-
-        errors.into_iter().for_each(|error| {
-            let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&error).unwrap();
-            let deserialized: AppRpcError = serde_json::from_str(&serialized).unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(error, deserialized, "Error: {:?}", error);
-        });
-    }
-}
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/errors/internal_errors.rs b/node/src/blockchain/errors/internal_errors.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb6a4bf63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/errors/internal_errors.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone, Eq)]
+pub enum InternalError {
+    PendingTooLongNotReplaced,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum InternalErrorKind {
+    PendingTooLongNotReplaced,
+}
+
+impl From<&InternalError> for InternalErrorKind {
+    fn from(error: &InternalError) -> Self {
+        match error {
+            InternalError::PendingTooLongNotReplaced => {
+                InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn conversion_between_internal_error_and_internal_error_kind_works() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            InternalErrorKind::from(&InternalError::PendingTooLongNotReplaced),
+            InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn app_rpc_error_kind_serialization_deserialization() {
+        let errors = vec![InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced];
+
+        errors.into_iter().for_each(|error| {
+            let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&error).unwrap();
+            let deserialized: InternalErrorKind = serde_json::from_str(&serialized).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(
+                error, deserialized,
+                "Failed serde attempt for {:?} that should look like {:?}",
+                deserialized, error
+            );
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/errors/mod.rs b/node/src/blockchain/errors/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ab18ae9df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/errors/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+
+use crate::blockchain::errors::internal_errors::{InternalError, InternalErrorKind};
+use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::{AppRpcError, AppRpcErrorKind};
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+pub mod internal_errors;
+pub mod rpc_errors;
+pub mod validation_status;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum BlockchainError {
+    AppRpc(AppRpcError),
+    Internal(InternalError),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum BlockchainErrorKind {
+    AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind),
+    Internal(InternalErrorKind),
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::internal_errors::InternalErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::AppRpcErrorKind;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::BlockchainErrorKind;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn blockchain_error_serialization_deserialization() {
+        vec![
+            (
+                BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder),
+                "{\"AppRpc\":\"Decoder\"}",
+            ),
+            (
+                BlockchainErrorKind::Internal(InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced),
+                "{\"Internal\":\"PendingTooLongNotReplaced\"}",
+            ),
+        ]
+        .into_iter()
+        .for_each(|(err, expected_json)| {
+            let json = serde_json::to_string(&err).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(json, expected_json);
+            let deserialized_err = serde_json::from_str::<BlockchainErrorKind>(&json).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(deserialized_err, err);
+        })
+    }
+}
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/errors/rpc_errors.rs b/node/src/blockchain/errors/rpc_errors.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4d8482e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/errors/rpc_errors.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use web3::error::Error as Web3Error;
+
+// Prefixed with App to clearly distinguish app-specific errors from library errors.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum AppRpcError {
+    Local(LocalError),
+    Remote(RemoteError),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum LocalError {
+    Decoder(String),
+    Internal,
+    Io(String),
+    Signing(String),
+    Transport(String),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum RemoteError {
+    InvalidResponse(String),
+    Unreachable,
+    Web3RpcError { code: i64, message: String },
+}
+
+// EVM based errors
+impl From<Web3Error> for AppRpcError {
+    fn from(error: Web3Error) -> Self {
+        match error {
+            // Local Errors
+            Web3Error::Decoder(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder(error)),
+            Web3Error::Internal => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal),
+            Web3Error::Io(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io(error.to_string())),
+            Web3Error::Signing(error) => {
+                // This variant cannot be tested due to import limitations.
+                AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Signing(error.to_string()))
+            }
+            Web3Error::Transport(error) => AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport(error)),
+
+            // Api Errors
+            Web3Error::InvalidResponse(response) => {
+                AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse(response))
+            }
+            Web3Error::Rpc(web3_rpc_error) => AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
+                code: web3_rpc_error.code.code(),
+                message: web3_rpc_error.message,
+            }),
+            Web3Error::Unreachable => AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Hash, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum AppRpcErrorKind {
+    // Local
+    Decoder,
+    Internal,
+    IO,
+    Signing,
+    Transport,
+
+    // Remote
+    InvalidResponse,
+    ServerUnreachable,
+    Web3RpcError(i64), // Keep only the stable error code
+}
+
+impl From<&AppRpcError> for AppRpcErrorKind {
+    fn from(err: &AppRpcError) -> Self {
+        match err {
+            AppRpcError::Local(local) => match local {
+                LocalError::Decoder(_) => Self::Decoder,
+                LocalError::Internal => Self::Internal,
+                LocalError::Io(_) => Self::IO,
+                LocalError::Signing(_) => Self::Signing,
+                LocalError::Transport(_) => Self::Transport,
+            },
+            AppRpcError::Remote(remote) => match remote {
+                RemoteError::InvalidResponse(_) => Self::InvalidResponse,
+                RemoteError::Unreachable => Self::ServerUnreachable,
+                RemoteError::Web3RpcError { code, .. } => Self::Web3RpcError(*code),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::{
+        AppRpcError, AppRpcErrorKind, LocalError, RemoteError,
+    };
+    use web3::error::Error as Web3Error;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn web3_error_to_failure_reason_conversion_works() {
+        // Local Errors
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Decoder("Decoder error".to_string())),
+            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder("Decoder error".to_string()))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Internal),
+            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Io(std::io::Error::new(
+                std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                "IO error"
+            ))),
+            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io("IO error".to_string()))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Transport("Transport error".to_string())),
+            AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport("Transport error".to_string()))
+        );
+
+        // Api Errors
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::InvalidResponse("Invalid response".to_string())),
+            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse("Invalid response".to_string()))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Rpc(jsonrpc_core::types::error::Error {
+                code: jsonrpc_core::types::error::ErrorCode::ServerError(42),
+                message: "RPC error".to_string(),
+                data: None,
+            })),
+            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
+                code: 42,
+                message: "RPC error".to_string(),
+            })
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcError::from(Web3Error::Unreachable),
+            AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn conversion_between_app_rpc_error_and_app_rpc_error_kind_works() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Decoder(
+                "Decoder error".to_string()
+            ))),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Internal)),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Internal
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Io("IO error".to_string()))),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::IO
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Signing(
+                "Signing error".to_string()
+            ))),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Signing
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Local(LocalError::Transport(
+                "Transport error".to_string()
+            ))),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Transport
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::InvalidResponse(
+                "Invalid response".to_string()
+            ))),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::InvalidResponse
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Unreachable)),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppRpcErrorKind::from(&AppRpcError::Remote(RemoteError::Web3RpcError {
+                code: 55,
+                message: "Booga".to_string()
+            })),
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Web3RpcError(55)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn app_rpc_error_kind_serialization_deserialization() {
+        let errors = vec![
+            // Local Errors
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Internal,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::IO,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Signing,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Transport,
+            // Remote Errors
+            AppRpcErrorKind::InvalidResponse,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::ServerUnreachable,
+            AppRpcErrorKind::Web3RpcError(42),
+        ];
+
+        errors.into_iter().for_each(|error| {
+            let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&error).unwrap();
+            let deserialized: AppRpcErrorKind = serde_json::from_str(&serialized).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(
+                error, deserialized,
+                "Failed serde attempt for {:?} that should look \
+            like {:?}",
+                deserialized, error
+            );
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/errors/validation_status.rs b/node/src/blockchain/errors/validation_status.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..72ca28346
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/errors/validation_status.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025, MASQ (https://masq.ai) and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+
+use crate::blockchain::errors::rpc_errors::AppRpcErrorKind;
+use crate::blockchain::errors::BlockchainErrorKind;
+use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::time::SystemTime;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum ValidationStatus {
+    Waiting,
+    Reattempting(PreviousAttempts),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct PreviousAttempts {
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    inner: HashMap<BlockchainErrorKind, ErrorStats>,
+}
+
+impl PreviousAttempts {
+    pub fn new(error: BlockchainErrorKind, clock: &dyn ValidationFailureClock) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner: hashmap!(error => ErrorStats::now(clock)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_attempt(
+        mut self,
+        error: BlockchainErrorKind,
+        clock: &dyn ValidationFailureClock,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.inner
+            .entry(error)
+            .and_modify(|stats| stats.increment())
+            .or_insert_with(|| ErrorStats::now(clock));
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ErrorStats {
+    #[serde(rename = "firstSeen")]
+    pub first_seen: SystemTime,
+    pub attempts: u16,
+}
+
+impl ErrorStats {
+    pub fn now(clock: &dyn ValidationFailureClock) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            first_seen: clock.now(),
+            attempts: 1,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn increment(&mut self) {
+        self.attempts += 1;
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait ValidationFailureClock {
+    fn now(&self) -> SystemTime;
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ValidationFailureClockReal {}
+
+impl ValidationFailureClock for ValidationFailureClockReal {
+    fn now(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        SystemTime::now()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::blockchain::errors::internal_errors::InternalErrorKind;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn previous_attempts_and_validation_failure_clock_work_together_fine() {
+        let validation_failure_clock = ValidationFailureClockReal::default();
+        // new()
+        let timestamp_a = SystemTime::now();
+        let subject = PreviousAttempts::new(
+            BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder),
+            &validation_failure_clock,
+        );
+        // add_attempt()
+        let timestamp_b = SystemTime::now();
+        let subject = subject.add_attempt(
+            BlockchainErrorKind::Internal(InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced),
+            &validation_failure_clock,
+        );
+        let timestamp_c = SystemTime::now();
+        let subject = subject.add_attempt(
+            BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::IO),
+            &validation_failure_clock,
+        );
+        let timestamp_d = SystemTime::now();
+        let subject = subject.add_attempt(
+            BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder),
+            &validation_failure_clock,
+        );
+        let subject = subject.add_attempt(
+            BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::IO),
+            &validation_failure_clock,
+        );
+
+        let decoder_error_stats = subject
+            .inner
+            .get(&BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::Decoder))
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            timestamp_a <= decoder_error_stats.first_seen
+                && decoder_error_stats.first_seen <= timestamp_b,
+            "Was expected from {:?} to {:?} but was {:?}",
+            timestamp_a,
+            timestamp_b,
+            decoder_error_stats.first_seen
+        );
+        assert_eq!(decoder_error_stats.attempts, 2);
+        let internal_error_stats = subject
+            .inner
+            .get(&BlockchainErrorKind::Internal(
+                InternalErrorKind::PendingTooLongNotReplaced,
+            ))
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            timestamp_b <= internal_error_stats.first_seen
+                && internal_error_stats.first_seen <= timestamp_c,
+            "Was expected from {:?} to {:?} but was {:?}",
+            timestamp_b,
+            timestamp_c,
+            internal_error_stats.first_seen
+        );
+        assert_eq!(internal_error_stats.attempts, 1);
+        let io_error_stats = subject
+            .inner
+            .get(&BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::IO))
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            timestamp_c <= io_error_stats.first_seen && io_error_stats.first_seen <= timestamp_d,
+            "Was expected from {:?} to {:?} but was {:?}",
+            timestamp_c,
+            timestamp_d,
+            io_error_stats.first_seen
+        );
+        assert_eq!(io_error_stats.attempts, 2);
+        let other_error_stats = subject
+            .inner
+            .get(&BlockchainErrorKind::AppRpc(AppRpcErrorKind::Signing));
+        assert_eq!(other_error_stats, None);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/node/src/blockchain/test_utils.rs b/node/src/blockchain/test_utils.rs
index 6259e8739..f3b354931 100644
--- a/node/src/blockchain/test_utils.rs
+++ b/node/src/blockchain/test_utils.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use crate::blockchain::blockchain_interface::blockchain_interface_web3::{
     BlockchainInterfaceWeb3, REQUESTS_IN_PARALLEL,
 };
+use crate::blockchain::errors::validation_status::ValidationFailureClock;
 use bip39::{Language, Mnemonic, Seed};
 use ethabi::Hash;
 use ethereum_types::{BigEndianHash, H160, H256, U64};
@@ -13,8 +14,10 @@ use masq_lib::blockchains::chains::Chain;
 use masq_lib::utils::to_string;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_derive::Deserialize;
+use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
+use std::time::SystemTime;
 use web3::transports::{EventLoopHandle, Http};
 use web3::types::{Index, Log, SignedTransaction, TransactionReceipt, H2048, U256};
 
@@ -225,3 +228,21 @@ pub fn transport_error_message() -> String {
         "Connection refused".to_string()
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ValidationFailureClockMock {
+    now_results: RefCell<Vec<SystemTime>>,
+}
+
+impl ValidationFailureClock for ValidationFailureClockMock {
+    fn now(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        self.now_results.borrow_mut().remove(0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl ValidationFailureClockMock {
+    pub fn now_result(self, result: SystemTime) -> Self {
+        self.now_results.borrow_mut().push(result);
+        self
+    }
+}
diff --git a/node/src/database/db_initializer.rs b/node/src/database/db_initializer.rs
index cbf6008c0..674786766 100644
--- a/node/src/database/db_initializer.rs
+++ b/node/src/database/db_initializer.rs
@@ -802,8 +802,7 @@ mod tests {
                         gas_price_wei_high_b,
                         gas_price_wei_low_b,
                         nonce,
-                        block_hash,
-                        block_number
+                        status
                         FROM sent_payable",
             )
             .unwrap();