From f0a81fd2268ca9b3e78a431f2838c6de4b4a09ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2024 15:58:59 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/21] adds InternalLayer and starts to add DropoutLayer

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py   | 47 +++++++++++++++++++++
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py | 11 +++++
 2 files changed, 58 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20ee18240
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+
+from safeds._utils import _structural_hash
+from safeds._validation import _check_bounds, _OpenBound
+from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
+
+from ._layer import Layer
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from torch import nn
+
+class DropoutLayer(Layer):
+    """
+    Create a dropout Layer.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    propability:
+        The propability of which the input neuron becomes an output neuron
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    OutOfBoundsError
+        If propability < 0
+        If propability > 1
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, propability: float):
+        _check_bounds("propability", propability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
+        self.propability = propability
+        self._input_size: int | None = None
+        self._output_size: int | None = None
+
+    def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
+        from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
+
+        if self._input_size is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "The input_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the input_size is set.",
+            )
+        if self._output_size is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "The output_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the output_size is set.",
+            )
+        return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
index 140be6807..1ca636d8f 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
         return self._fn(self._layer(x))
 
 
+class _InternalDropoutLayer(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, propability : float) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        _init_default_device()
+
+        self._layer = nn.Dropout(propability)
+
+    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
+        return self._layer(x)
+
 class _InternalFlattenLayer(nn.Module):
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         super().__init__()

From c6fccd799e23c596fa10af99b37ddf6b78f26953 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2024 16:13:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 02/21] hopefully finishes DropoutLayer

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 20ee18240..04d76e08d 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ def __init__(self, propability: float):
         _check_bounds("propability", propability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
         self.propability = propability
         self._input_size: int | None = None
-        self._output_size: int | None = None
 
     def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
         from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
@@ -44,4 +43,56 @@ def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
             raise ValueError(
                 "The output_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the output_size is set.",
             )
-        return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
\ No newline at end of file
+        return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
+    
+    @property
+    def input_size(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the input_size of this layer.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        result:
+            The amount of values being passed into this layer.
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        ValueError
+            If the input_size is not yet set
+        """
+        if self._input_size is None:
+            raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
+        return self._input_size
+    
+    @property
+    def output_size(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the output_size of this layer.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        result:
+            The amount of values being passed out of this layer.
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        ValueError
+            If the input_size is not yet set
+        """
+        if self._input_size is None:
+            raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
+        return self._input_size
+    
+    def _set_input_size(self, input_size: int) -> None:
+        self._input_size = input_size
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return _structural_hash(self._input_size)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, DropoutLayer):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return (self is other) or (self._input_size == other._input_size)
+
+    def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
+        return self._input_size
\ No newline at end of file

From eded7e99e8f72224ec04297cf996d9cd6615cab5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 11:15:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/21] edits DropoutLayer, defines DropoutLayer i ninit for
 better importSyntax and writes first two tests for DropoutLayer

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py           |  3 +++
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py     |  4 ---
 .../safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 27 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
index 71ef0ab64..98f2293ea 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
     from ._layer import Layer
     from ._lstm_layer import LSTMLayer
     from ._pooling2d_layer import AveragePooling2DLayer, MaxPooling2DLayer
+    from ._dropout_layer import DropoutLayer
 
 apipkg.initpkg(
     __name__,
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
         "GRULayer": "._gru_layer:GRULayer",
         "AveragePooling2DLayer": "._pooling2d_layer:AveragePooling2DLayer",
         "MaxPooling2DLayer": "._pooling2d_layer:MaxPooling2DLayer",
+        "DropoutLayer": "._dropout_layer:DropoutLayer",
     },
 )
 
@@ -38,4 +40,5 @@
     "GRULayer",
     "AveragePooling2DLayer",
     "MaxPooling2DLayer",
+    "DropoutLayer",
 ]
diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 04d76e08d..1b574595b 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -39,10 +39,6 @@ def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
             raise ValueError(
                 "The input_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the input_size is set.",
             )
-        if self._output_size is None:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "The output_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the output_size is set.",
-            )
         return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
     
     @property
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c12582c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+from safeds.data.image.typing import ImageSize
+from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
+from safeds.ml.nn.layers import DropoutLayer
+from torch import nn
+from safeds.exceptions import OutOfBoundsError
+
+
+class TestDropoutLayer:
+    def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match="propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
+            DropoutLayer(2)
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match="propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
+            DropoutLayer(-1)
+
+    def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
+            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+            layer.input_size()
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
+            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+            layer.output_size()
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
+            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+            layer._get_internal_layer()
\ No newline at end of file

From 0f8e1c1b24356cf30b4268fe284d84124c26764e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 11:43:30 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/21] adds even more UnitTests

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py     |  2 +
 .../safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 45 ++++++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 1b574595b..c0acc01ad 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -91,4 +91,6 @@ def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
         return (self is other) or (self._input_size == other._input_size)
 
     def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
+        if self._input_size is None:
+            raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         return self._input_size
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index c12582c0a..d3bcf19e6 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
 import sys
 
 import pytest
-from safeds.data.image.typing import ImageSize
-from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
 from safeds.ml.nn.layers import DropoutLayer
-from torch import nn
+from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
 from safeds.exceptions import OutOfBoundsError
-
+from torch import nn
 
 class TestDropoutLayer:
+    def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
+        size = 10
+        layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        layer._set_input_size(size)
+        assert layer.input_size == size
+        assert layer.output_size == size
+        assert isinstance(next(next(layer._get_internal_layer().modules()).children()), nn.Dropout)
+
     def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match="propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
             DropoutLayer(2)
@@ -18,10 +24,35 @@ def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
     def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
-            layer.input_size()
+            layer.input_size
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
-            layer.output_size()
+            layer.output_size
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
-            layer._get_internal_layer()
\ No newline at end of file
+            layer._get_internal_layer()
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
+            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+            layer.__sizeof__()
+
+    def test_propability_is_set(self) -> None:
+        propabilityToSet = 0.5
+        layer = DropoutLayer(propabilityToSet)
+        assert layer.propability == propabilityToSet
+
+class TestEq:
+    def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
+        assert DropoutLayer(0.5) == DropoutLayer(0.5)
+
+    def test_should_be_not_implemented(self) -> None:
+        assert DropoutLayer(0.5).__eq__(Table()) is NotImplemented
+
+class TestHash:
+    def test_hash_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
+        assert hash(DropoutLayer(0.5)) == hash(DropoutLayer(0.5))
+
+class TestSizeOf:
+    def test_should_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
+        layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        layer._set_input_size(10)
+        assert sys.getsizeof(layer) > sys.getsizeof(object())

From e7258a8d916b61d506bdfdc33f76d7f9a50c08b7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 14:06:22 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 05/21] fixes linters

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py     |  8 +++----
 .../safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 23 ++++++++-----------
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index c0acc01ad..3d481b7cc 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     def __init__(self, propability: float):
         _check_bounds("propability", propability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
         self.propability = propability
-        self._input_size: int | None = None
+        self._input_size: int | ModelImageSize | None = None
 
     def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
         from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
         return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
     
     @property
-    def input_size(self) -> int:
+    def input_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         """
         Get the input_size of this layer.
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def input_size(self) -> int:
         return self._input_size
     
     @property
-    def output_size(self) -> int:
+    def output_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         """
         Get the output_size of this layer.
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def output_size(self) -> int:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         return self._input_size
     
-    def _set_input_size(self, input_size: int) -> None:
+    def _set_input_size(self, input_size: int | ModelImageSize) -> None:
         self._input_size = input_size
 
     def __hash__(self) -> int:
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index d3bcf19e6..a4d13f364 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -16,29 +16,26 @@ def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
         assert isinstance(next(next(layer._get_internal_layer().modules()).children()), nn.Dropout)
 
     def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match="propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
             DropoutLayer(2)
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match="propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
             DropoutLayer(-1)
 
     def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.input_size
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.output_size
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer._get_internal_layer()
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.__sizeof__()
 
     def test_propability_is_set(self) -> None:
-        propabilityToSet = 0.5
-        layer = DropoutLayer(propabilityToSet)
-        assert layer.propability == propabilityToSet
+        propability_to_set = 0.5
+        layer = DropoutLayer(propability_to_set)
+        assert layer.propability == propability_to_set
 
 class TestEq:
     def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None:

From 0505086a348c767ca5333ea2b155755c9b5ba4b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 14:25:04 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/21] hopefully fixes linters again

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py       | 7 +++++--
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 3d481b7cc..6abc672d3 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
 
 from safeds._utils import _structural_hash
 from safeds._validation import _check_bounds, _OpenBound
-from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
 
 from ._layer import Layer
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from torch import nn
+    from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
 
 class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     """
@@ -93,4 +93,7 @@ def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
     def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
-        return self._input_size
\ No newline at end of file
+        if isinstance(self.input_size, int):
+            return self._input_size
+        if isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
+            return self._input_size.__sizeof__()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index a4d13f364..012ab5da1 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -25,13 +25,17 @@ def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.input_size
+        
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.output_size
+        
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer._get_internal_layer()
+        
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.__sizeof__()
 
+
     def test_propability_is_set(self) -> None:
         propability_to_set = 0.5
         layer = DropoutLayer(propability_to_set)

From bd97f4293b1c72ec3fab61ccbcdd8b8d22dfa9c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Reimann <mail@larsreimann.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 14:32:44 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 07/21] style: fix linter issues

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py             |  2 +-
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py       | 13 +++++++------
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 13 +++++++------
 3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
index 98f2293ea..8d195dde2 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/__init__.py
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from ._convolutional2d_layer import Convolutional2DLayer, ConvolutionalTranspose2DLayer
+    from ._dropout_layer import DropoutLayer
     from ._flatten_layer import FlattenLayer
     from ._forward_layer import ForwardLayer
     from ._gru_layer import GRULayer
     from ._layer import Layer
     from ._lstm_layer import LSTMLayer
     from ._pooling2d_layer import AveragePooling2DLayer, MaxPooling2DLayer
-    from ._dropout_layer import DropoutLayer
 
 apipkg.initpkg(
     __name__,
diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 6abc672d3..7d8869679 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@
 
 from safeds._utils import _structural_hash
 from safeds._validation import _check_bounds, _OpenBound
+from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
 
 from ._layer import Layer
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from torch import nn
-    from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
+
 
 class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     """
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ def __init__(self, propability: float):
         self.propability = propability
         self._input_size: int | ModelImageSize | None = None
 
-    def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
+    def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:  # noqa: ARG002
         from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
 
         if self._input_size is None:
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
                 "The input_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the input_size is set.",
             )
         return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
-    
+
     @property
     def input_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         """
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def input_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         return self._input_size
-    
+
     @property
     def output_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         """
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ def output_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         return self._input_size
-    
+
     def _set_input_size(self, input_size: int | ModelImageSize) -> None:
         self._input_size = input_size
 
@@ -96,4 +97,4 @@ def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
         if isinstance(self.input_size, int):
             return self._input_size
         if isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
-            return self._input_size.__sizeof__()
\ No newline at end of file
+            return self._input_size.__sizeof__()
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index 012ab5da1..23d46648f 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import sys
 
 import pytest
-from safeds.ml.nn.layers import DropoutLayer
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
 from safeds.exceptions import OutOfBoundsError
+from safeds.ml.nn.layers import DropoutLayer
 from torch import nn
 
+
 class TestDropoutLayer:
     def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
         size = 10
@@ -24,14 +25,14 @@ def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
     def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer.input_size
-        
+            layer.input_size  # noqa: B018
+
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
-            layer.output_size
-        
+            layer.output_size  # noqa: B018
+
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer._get_internal_layer()
-        
+
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.__sizeof__()
 

From 90ff80119efe1b57a3ce02c099f4dc58b179c172 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 14:39:43 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/21] fixes spelling mistake and Linter

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py      | 18 +++++++++---------
 .../safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py  | 12 ++++++------
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 7d8869679..597984055 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -18,29 +18,29 @@ class DropoutLayer(Layer):
 
     Parameters
     ----------
-    propability:
-        The propability of which the input neuron becomes an output neuron
+    probability:
+        The probability of which the input neuron becomes an output neuron
 
     Raises
     ------
     OutOfBoundsError
-        If propability < 0
-        If propability > 1
+        If probability < 0
+        If probability > 1
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, propability: float):
-        _check_bounds("propability", propability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
-        self.propability = propability
+    def __init__(self, probability: float):
+        _check_bounds("probability", probability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
+        self.probability = probability
         self._input_size: int | ModelImageSize | None = None
 
-    def _get_internal_layer(self, **kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:  # noqa: ARG002
+    def _get_internal_layer(self, **_kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
         from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
 
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError(
                 "The input_size is not yet set. The internal layer can only be created when the input_size is set.",
             )
-        return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.propability)
+        return _InternalDropoutLayer(self.probability)
 
     @property
     def input_size(self) -> int | ModelImageSize:
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index 23d46648f..5dc010d0e 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
         assert isinstance(next(next(layer._get_internal_layer().modules()).children()), nn.Dropout)
 
     def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"probability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
             DropoutLayer(2)
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"propability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"probability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
             DropoutLayer(-1)
 
     def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
             layer.__sizeof__()
 
 
-    def test_propability_is_set(self) -> None:
-        propability_to_set = 0.5
-        layer = DropoutLayer(propability_to_set)
-        assert layer.propability == propability_to_set
+    def test_probability_is_set(self) -> None:
+        probability_to_set = 0.5
+        layer = DropoutLayer(probability_to_set)
+        assert layer.probability == probability_to_set
 
 class TestEq:
     def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None:

From aaedadb6be1d7c972cc8afec5bc6ffe2ca60a0b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 15:25:25 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/21] adds UnitTest and edits getSize

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py       | 2 +-
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 8 +++++++-
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 597984055..3c80bf878 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -95,6 +95,6 @@ def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         if isinstance(self.input_size, int):
-            return self._input_size
+            return int(self._input_size)
         if isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
             return self._input_size.__sizeof__()
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index 5dc010d0e..c8d55f2ba 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
 from safeds.exceptions import OutOfBoundsError
 from safeds.ml.nn.layers import DropoutLayer
+from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ConstantImageSize
 from torch import nn
 
 
@@ -54,7 +55,12 @@ def test_hash_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
         assert hash(DropoutLayer(0.5)) == hash(DropoutLayer(0.5))
 
 class TestSizeOf:
-    def test_should_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
+    def test_should_int_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
         layer._set_input_size(10)
         assert sys.getsizeof(layer) > sys.getsizeof(object())
+
+    def test_should_model_image_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
+        layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
+        layer._set_input_size(ConstantImageSize(1,1,1))
+        assert sys.getsizeof(layer) > sys.getsizeof(object())

From 7a2edfae3c416501962d98966f6d1f50aec7a8ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 15:34:07 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 10/21] adds dropout-workflow-Tests

---
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py

diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5eda79432
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import pytest
+from safeds._config import _get_device
+from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
+from safeds.data.tabular.transformation import StandardScaler
+from safeds.ml.nn import (
+    NeuralNetworkRegressor,
+)
+from safeds.ml.nn.converters import (
+    InputConversionTable,
+)
+from safeds.ml.nn.layers import (
+    DropoutLayer,ForwardLayer,
+)
+from torch.types import Device
+
+from tests.helpers import configure_test_with_device, get_devices, get_devices_ids, resolve_resource_path
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("device", get_devices(), ids=get_devices_ids())
+def test_forward_model(device: Device) -> None:
+    configure_test_with_device(device)
+
+    # Create a DataFrame
+    _inflation_path = "_datas/US_Inflation_rates.csv"
+    table_1 = Table.from_csv_file(
+        path=resolve_resource_path(_inflation_path),
+    )
+    table_1 = table_1.remove_columns(["date"])
+    table_2 = table_1.slice_rows(start=0, length=table_1.row_count - 14)
+    table_2 = table_2.add_columns([(table_1.slice_rows(start=14)).get_column("value").rename("target")])
+    train_table, test_table = table_2.split_rows(0.8)
+
+    ss = StandardScaler(column_names="value")
+    _, train_table = ss.fit_and_transform(train_table)
+    _, test_table = ss.fit_and_transform(test_table)
+    model = NeuralNetworkRegressor(
+        InputConversionTable(),
+        [ForwardLayer(neuron_count=1), DropoutLayer(probability=0.5)],
+    )
+
+    fitted_model = model.fit(train_table.to_tabular_dataset("target"), epoch_size=1, learning_rate=0.01)
+    fitted_model.predict(test_table.remove_columns_except(["value"]))
+    assert fitted_model._model is not None
+    assert fitted_model._model.state_dict()["_pytorch_layers.0._layer.weight"].device == _get_device()

From a1de3c80a5b9e03003667af7ed3b8961f5b826a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 15:44:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 11/21] hopefully fixes all linters now

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py   | 2 +-
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py | 3 ++-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 3c80bf878..d12006dc0 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -96,5 +96,5 @@ def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
         if isinstance(self.input_size, int):
             return int(self._input_size)
-        if isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
+        elif isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
             return self._input_size.__sizeof__()
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
index 5eda79432..3afe3e989 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
     InputConversionTable,
 )
 from safeds.ml.nn.layers import (
-    DropoutLayer,ForwardLayer,
+    DropoutLayer,
+    ForwardLayer,
 )
 from torch.types import Device
 

From d58ca8d193de286347a1b4316f486ef34a298dde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 15:55:16 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 12/21] fixes it perhaps

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index d12006dc0..f90065848 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
     def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
         if self._input_size is None:
             raise ValueError("The input_size is not yet set.")
-        if isinstance(self.input_size, int):
+        if isinstance(self._input_size, int):
             return int(self._input_size)
-        elif isinstance(self.input_size, ModelImageSize):
+        elif isinstance(self._input_size, ModelImageSize):
             return self._input_size.__sizeof__()

From f18d8deb5d3c99c451efc5ddeeac7ccfb96747fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: megalinter-bot <129584137+megalinter-bot@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 13:56:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/21] style: apply automated linter fixes

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py     | 3 ++-
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 6 ++++--
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
index 78b829a62..11c1e96eb 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
 
 
 class _InternalDropoutLayer(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, propability : float) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, propability: float) -> None:
         super().__init__()
 
         _init_default_device()
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ def __init__(self, propability : float) -> None:
     def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
         return self._layer(x)
 
+
 class _InternalFlattenLayer(nn.Module):
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         super().__init__()
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index c8d55f2ba..f5aa562c0 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.__sizeof__()
 
-
     def test_probability_is_set(self) -> None:
         probability_to_set = 0.5
         layer = DropoutLayer(probability_to_set)
         assert layer.probability == probability_to_set
 
+
 class TestEq:
     def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
         assert DropoutLayer(0.5) == DropoutLayer(0.5)
@@ -50,10 +50,12 @@ def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
     def test_should_be_not_implemented(self) -> None:
         assert DropoutLayer(0.5).__eq__(Table()) is NotImplemented
 
+
 class TestHash:
     def test_hash_should_be_equal(self) -> None:
         assert hash(DropoutLayer(0.5)) == hash(DropoutLayer(0.5))
 
+
 class TestSizeOf:
     def test_should_int_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
@@ -62,5 +64,5 @@ def test_should_int_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
 
     def test_should_model_image_size_be_greater_than_normal_object(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
-        layer._set_input_size(ConstantImageSize(1,1,1))
+        layer._set_input_size(ConstantImageSize(1, 1, 1))
         assert sys.getsizeof(layer) > sys.getsizeof(object())

From 1dcad0495de9d7aab4c45180b93c1b6ee135b043 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 16:33:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 14/21] fixes naming and some comments

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py   | 16 ++++++++++++++--
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py |  4 ++--
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index f90065848..784bc3ff5 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     Parameters
     ----------
     probability:
-        The probability of which the input neuron becomes an output neuron
+        The probability of which the input gets replaced with 0.
 
     Raises
     ------
@@ -30,9 +30,21 @@ class DropoutLayer(Layer):
 
     def __init__(self, probability: float):
         _check_bounds("probability", probability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
-        self.probability = probability
+        self._probability = probability
         self._input_size: int | ModelImageSize | None = None
 
+    @property
+    def probability(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Get the probability of this layer.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        result:
+            The probability being passed into this layer.
+        """
+        return self._probability
+
     def _get_internal_layer(self, **_kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:
         from ._internal_layers import _InternalDropoutLayer  # slow import on global level
 
diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
index 11c1e96eb..c2587e2e8 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_internal_layers.py
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
 
 
 class _InternalDropoutLayer(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, propability: float) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, probability: float) -> None:
         super().__init__()
 
         _init_default_device()
 
-        self._layer = nn.Dropout(propability)
+        self._layer = nn.Dropout(probability)
 
     def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
         return self._layer(x)

From 6b2b2d2cc46a0cba4bcaad068a4c38bdbce73f0c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 20:49:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 15/21] adds prepared data and edits UnitTest as wishied in the
 comment

---
 .../data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv      | 905 ++++++++++++++++++
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py   |  14 +-
 2 files changed, 908 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv

diff --git a/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv b/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c75d4c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
+value,target
+-1.1512732989231769,0
+-1.149549704381617,0
+-1.1448713763402407,0
+-1.1448713763402407,0
+-1.1454869458193693,0
+-1.1438864651736351,0
+-1.1420397567362497,0
+-1.1399468205072132,0
+-1.1345298090908824,0
+-1.1336680118201026,0
+-1.1318213033827171,0
+-1.127512317028818,0
+-1.1241882418415243,0
+-1.1243113557373499,0
+-1.1264042919663866,0
+-1.1224646472999644,0
+-1.1201254832792762,0
+-1.1184018887377165,0
+-1.1153240413420742,0
+-1.1149546996545971,0
+-1.115816496925377,0
+-1.1164320664045053,0
+-1.1182787748418908,0
+-1.1196330276959734,0
+-1.1201254832792762,0
+-1.1213566222375333,0
+-1.1213566222375333,0
+-1.1212335083417075,0
+-1.1213566222375333,0
+-1.1212335083417075,0
+-1.1239420140498728,0
+-1.1239420140498728,0
+-1.1233264445707443,0
+-1.1243113557373499,0
+-1.1239420140498728,0
+-1.125050039112304,0
+-1.1262811780705608,0
+-1.125050039112304,0
+-1.124680697424827,0
+-1.1245575835290014,0
+-1.123080216779093,0
+-1.1217259639250103,0
+-1.1193867999043219,0
+-1.117786319258588,0
+-1.1160627247170283,0
+-1.1140929023838173,0
+-1.1128617634255602,0
+-1.108183435384184,0
+-1.1032588795511562,0
+-1.097718754239,0
+-1.0971031847598716,0
+-1.0966107291765685,0
+-1.095748931905789,0
+-1.096487615280743,0
+-1.0967338430723943,0
+-1.0973494125515229,0
+-1.0952564763224861,0
+-1.093655995676752,0
+-1.0916861733435408,0
+-1.0898394649061556,0
+-1.0900856926978069,0
+-1.0905781482811097,0
+-1.090824376072761,0
+-1.0899625788019813,0
+-1.0898394649061556,0
+-1.0891007815312013,0
+-1.087254073093816,0
+-1.0871309591979903,0
+-1.0878696425729444,0
+-1.0871309591979903,0
+-1.0871309591979903,0
+-1.086884731406339,0
+-1.0877465286771186,0
+-1.0883620981562472,0
+-1.0878696425729444,0
+-1.0871309591979903,0
+-1.0870078453021645,0
+-1.0861460480313847,0
+-1.0858998202397332,0
+-1.085161136864779,0
+-1.0846686812814763,0
+-1.0839299979065222,0
+-1.085161136864779,0
+-1.0849149090731276,0
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diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
index 3afe3e989..db85d10a4 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -22,24 +22,16 @@ def test_forward_model(device: Device) -> None:
     configure_test_with_device(device)
 
     # Create a DataFrame
-    _inflation_path = "_datas/US_Inflation_rates.csv"
     table_1 = Table.from_csv_file(
-        path=resolve_resource_path(_inflation_path),
+        path="docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv",
     )
-    table_1 = table_1.remove_columns(["date"])
-    table_2 = table_1.slice_rows(start=0, length=table_1.row_count - 14)
-    table_2 = table_2.add_columns([(table_1.slice_rows(start=14)).get_column("value").rename("target")])
-    train_table, test_table = table_2.split_rows(0.8)
+    train_table, _ = table_1.split_rows(0.8)
 
-    ss = StandardScaler(column_names="value")
-    _, train_table = ss.fit_and_transform(train_table)
-    _, test_table = ss.fit_and_transform(test_table)
     model = NeuralNetworkRegressor(
         InputConversionTable(),
         [ForwardLayer(neuron_count=1), DropoutLayer(probability=0.5)],
     )
 
-    fitted_model = model.fit(train_table.to_tabular_dataset("target"), epoch_size=1, learning_rate=0.01)
-    fitted_model.predict(test_table.remove_columns_except(["value"]))
+    fitted_model = model.fit(train_table.to_tabular_dataset("value"), epoch_size=1, learning_rate=0.01)
     assert fitted_model._model is not None
     assert fitted_model._model.state_dict()["_pytorch_layers.0._layer.weight"].device == _get_device()

From b8680d9fe3ba4370bb2dd05811957765615641a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 20:49:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 16/21] adds prepared data and edits UnitTest as wishied in the
 comment

---
 .../data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv      | 905 ++++++++++++++++++
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py   |  14 +-
 2 files changed, 908 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv

diff --git a/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv b/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c75d4c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
+value,target
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+1.7481328161094134,0
+1.7640391314500936,0
+1.7779879358471444,0
+1.7855963746091723,0
+1.7887604017318928,0
+1.7952485040419066,0
+1.8102930221118068,0
+1.8178645267050864,0
+1.830028179612665,0
+1.8457375127200237,0
+1.8673563128270159,0
+1.8891967179464941,0
+1.9152353069136285,0
+1.9300705313606243,0
+1.9436869282389462,0
+1.9579435173755617,0
+1.9886481229944895,0
+2.015597754790734,0
+2.042387338522405,0
+2.0634644374877635,0
+2.088222641938311,0
+2.123457838923624,0
+2.137480511658171,0
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
index 3afe3e989..db85d10a4 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -22,24 +22,16 @@ def test_forward_model(device: Device) -> None:
     configure_test_with_device(device)
 
     # Create a DataFrame
-    _inflation_path = "_datas/US_Inflation_rates.csv"
     table_1 = Table.from_csv_file(
-        path=resolve_resource_path(_inflation_path),
+        path="docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv",
     )
-    table_1 = table_1.remove_columns(["date"])
-    table_2 = table_1.slice_rows(start=0, length=table_1.row_count - 14)
-    table_2 = table_2.add_columns([(table_1.slice_rows(start=14)).get_column("value").rename("target")])
-    train_table, test_table = table_2.split_rows(0.8)
+    train_table, _ = table_1.split_rows(0.8)
 
-    ss = StandardScaler(column_names="value")
-    _, train_table = ss.fit_and_transform(train_table)
-    _, test_table = ss.fit_and_transform(test_table)
     model = NeuralNetworkRegressor(
         InputConversionTable(),
         [ForwardLayer(neuron_count=1), DropoutLayer(probability=0.5)],
     )
 
-    fitted_model = model.fit(train_table.to_tabular_dataset("target"), epoch_size=1, learning_rate=0.01)
-    fitted_model.predict(test_table.remove_columns_except(["value"]))
+    fitted_model = model.fit(train_table.to_tabular_dataset("value"), epoch_size=1, learning_rate=0.01)
     assert fitted_model._model is not None
     assert fitted_model._model.state_dict()["_pytorch_layers.0._layer.weight"].device == _get_device()

From ef070f2a13af77c5b82bcff14863153eb54af374 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim Locke <tim.hennef@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2024 21:22:53 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 17/21] removes unneccesary imports

---
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
index db85d10a4..d49f8f2b4 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds._config import _get_device
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.transformation import StandardScaler
 from safeds.ml.nn import (
     NeuralNetworkRegressor,
 )
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@
 )
 from torch.types import Device
 
-from tests.helpers import configure_test_with_device, get_devices, get_devices_ids, resolve_resource_path
+from tests.helpers import configure_test_with_device, get_devices, get_devices_ids
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("device", get_devices(), ids=get_devices_ids())

From ccdc0e9bf75a88cc33d1ba5ab33173e1ef2ebcd4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Reimann <mail@larsreimann.com>
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 2024 19:29:25 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 18/21] docs: improve docstring

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py | 16 ++++------------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 784bc3ff5..0e12128d5 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -14,18 +14,17 @@
 
 class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     """
-    Create a dropout Layer.
+    A dropout layer.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     probability:
-        The probability of which the input gets replaced with 0.
+        The probability that an input element gets zeroed out.
 
     Raises
     ------
     OutOfBoundsError
-        If probability < 0
-        If probability > 1
+        If probability is not in the range [0, 1].
     """
 
     def __init__(self, probability: float):
@@ -35,14 +34,7 @@ def __init__(self, probability: float):
 
     @property
     def probability(self) -> float:
-        """
-        Get the probability of this layer.
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        result:
-            The probability being passed into this layer.
-        """
+        """The probability that an input element gets zeroed out."""
         return self._probability
 
     def _get_internal_layer(self, **_kwargs: Any) -> nn.Module:

From 4c1017ad04c905e94882def812fa98b03d849562 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Reimann <mail@larsreimann.com>
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 2024 19:32:26 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 19/21] fix: use closed bounds, so boundary values are allowed

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index 0e12128d5..cbb539434 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from safeds._utils import _structural_hash
-from safeds._validation import _check_bounds, _OpenBound
+from safeds._validation import _check_bounds, _ClosedBound
 from safeds.ml.nn.typing import ModelImageSize
 
 from ._layer import Layer
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class DropoutLayer(Layer):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, probability: float):
-        _check_bounds("probability", probability, lower_bound=_OpenBound(0), upper_bound=_OpenBound(1))
+        _check_bounds("probability", probability, lower_bound=_ClosedBound(0), upper_bound=_ClosedBound(1))
         self._probability = probability
         self._input_size: int | ModelImageSize | None = None
 

From f0ef2ff531df039d26bab153d77bc2195882c43b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Reimann <mail@larsreimann.com>
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 2024 19:35:52 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 20/21] test: hardcode data

We don't want to test data preparation here.
---
 tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py | 9 +++++----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
index d49f8f2b4..b51f0708b 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/test_dropout_workflow.py
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@
 def test_forward_model(device: Device) -> None:
     configure_test_with_device(device)
 
-    # Create a DataFrame
-    table_1 = Table.from_csv_file(
-        path="docs/tutorials/data/US_Inflation_rates_prepared.csv",
+    train_table = Table(
+        {
+            "feature": [1, 2, 3],
+            "value": [1, 2, 3],
+        },
     )
-    train_table, _ = table_1.split_rows(0.8)
 
     model = NeuralNetworkRegressor(
         InputConversionTable(),

From bc7dcded0a093e74d8b8d747a7997f0724a1e168 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Reimann <mail@larsreimann.com>
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 2024 19:48:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 21/21] fix: include probability when computing equality or
 hash

---
 src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py     |  6 +++--
 .../safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py | 23 ++++++++++---------
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
index cbb539434..1814e4383 100644
--- a/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/src/safeds/ml/nn/layers/_dropout_layer.py
@@ -88,12 +88,14 @@ def _set_input_size(self, input_size: int | ModelImageSize) -> None:
         self._input_size = input_size
 
     def __hash__(self) -> int:
-        return _structural_hash(self._input_size)
+        return _structural_hash(self._input_size, self._probability)
 
     def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
         if not isinstance(other, DropoutLayer):
             return NotImplemented
-        return (self is other) or (self._input_size == other._input_size)
+        if self is other:
+            return True
+        return self._input_size == other._input_size and self._probability == other._probability
 
     def __sizeof__(self) -> int:
         if self._input_size is None:
diff --git a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
index f5aa562c0..5dad5f3a8 100644
--- a/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
+++ b/tests/safeds/ml/nn/layers/test_dropout_layer.py
@@ -8,6 +8,18 @@
 from torch import nn
 
 
+class TestProbability:
+    def test_should_be_accessible(self) -> None:
+        probability = 0.5
+        layer = DropoutLayer(probability)
+        assert layer.probability == probability
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("probability", [-1, 2], ids=["too low", "too high"])
+    def test_should_raise_if_out_of_bounds(self, probability: int) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError):
+            DropoutLayer(probability)
+
+
 class TestDropoutLayer:
     def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
         size = 10
@@ -17,12 +29,6 @@ def test_should_create_dropout_layer(self) -> None:
         assert layer.output_size == size
         assert isinstance(next(next(layer._get_internal_layer().modules()).children()), nn.Dropout)
 
-    def test_should_check_bounds(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"probability must be in \(0, 1\) but was 2."):
-            DropoutLayer(2)
-        with pytest.raises(OutOfBoundsError, match=r"probability must be in \(0, 1\) but was -1."):
-            DropoutLayer(-1)
-
     def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         layer = DropoutLayer(0.5)
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
@@ -37,11 +43,6 @@ def test_input_size_should_be_set(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"The input_size is not yet set."):
             layer.__sizeof__()
 
-    def test_probability_is_set(self) -> None:
-        probability_to_set = 0.5
-        layer = DropoutLayer(probability_to_set)
-        assert layer.probability == probability_to_set
-
 
 class TestEq:
     def test_should_be_equal(self) -> None: