diff --git a/04_this_cohort/live-code/03_09_2026.ipynb b/04_this_cohort/live-code/03_09_2026.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c443c4cac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04_this_cohort/live-code/03_09_2026.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,2218 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "id": "c8b8023e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def sumTwoNumbers(a, b):\n",
+    "    sum = a + b\n",
+    "    return sum"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "id": "675cd834",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "7"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 5,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sumTwoNumbers(3 , 4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "id": "47ffc857",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "10"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "abs(-10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "id": "e6b70980",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "5 > 10"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "id": "44ba56a4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'This is a string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# string, text data type \n",
+    "\n",
+    "'This is a string'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "id": "6bead73f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'This is also a string'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"This is also a string\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "id": "97c10af3",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "unterminated string literal (detected at line 1) (1531528915.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "  \u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[11]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[31m    \u001b[39m\u001b[31m'This is not a valid string\"\u001b[39m\n    ^\n\u001b[31mSyntaxError\u001b[39m\u001b[31m:\u001b[39m unterminated string literal (detected at line 1)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'This is not a valid string\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "id": "159d9cd7",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "unterminated string literal (detected at line 1) (3205553238.py, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "  \u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[12]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[31m    \u001b[39m\u001b[31m'Let's see if this works'\u001b[39m\n                            ^\n\u001b[31mSyntaxError\u001b[39m\u001b[31m:\u001b[39m unterminated string literal (detected at line 1)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'Let's see if this works'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "id": "f5f4aeab",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Let's see if this works\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 13,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"Let's see if this works\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "id": "e417b52d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'This \\nis \\na \\nmultiline \\nstring'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'''This \n",
+    "is \n",
+    "a \n",
+    "multiline \n",
+    "string'''"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "4d4c2bd4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Escape sequences\n",
+    "\n",
+    "| Escape sequence | Description        |\n",
+    "|-----------------|--------------------|\n",
+    "| \\\\'             | Single quote       |\n",
+    "| \\\\\"             | Double quote       |\n",
+    "| \\\\\\\\            | Backslash          |\n",
+    "| \\\\t             | Tab                |\n",
+    "| \\\\n             | Newline            |\n",
+    "| \\\\r             | Carriage return    |"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "id": "116e75ae",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Let's see if this works\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'Let\\'s see if this works'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "id": "0c074bc6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "She was fine with apples\\oranges\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('She was fine with apples\\oranges')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "id": "05670447",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "This is a \ttab\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('This is a \\ttab')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "f3370e70",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "5674\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# \\r move the cursor back to the beginning of the current line\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print('1234\\r567')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 33,
+   "id": "b8097580",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "abcdefg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('abcdefg')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "id": "e6eab22a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "gbcdef\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('abcdef\\rg')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "7f701ecc",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "13"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 36,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "10 + 3 # int, whole numbers"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 37,
+   "id": "fb4f3671",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "3.3333333333333335"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 37,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "10 / 3 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 38,
+   "id": "1758efd6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'hellomynameiskaylie'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 38,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'hello' + 'my' + 'name' + 'is' + 'kaylie'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "id": "6732f945",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'hahaha'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 39,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'ha' * 3"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 40,
+   "id": "8a32488d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m",
+      "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[40]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1\u001b[39m \u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43mThe year is \u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m+\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[32;43m2020\u001b[39;49m\n",
+      "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m: can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'The year is ' + 2020"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 41,
+   "id": "c55d8678",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'The year is 2020'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 41,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'The year is ' + '2020'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "id": "023692c9",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 42,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'apple' == 'Apple'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 43,
+   "id": "41459c7f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 43,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'apple' != 'Apple'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 48,
+   "id": "aa0da1ed",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "loooo\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('hel \\rloooo')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "6cd422ed",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "loooo"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 49,
+   "id": "8d165181",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "first_name = 'Ada'\n",
+    "last_name = 'Lovelace'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 50,
+   "id": "fd41b5b8",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Ada'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 50,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_name"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 51,
+   "id": "4678f4f4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Lovelace'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 51,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 54,
+   "id": "6c1a1636",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'a'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 54,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_name[2]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 55,
+   "id": "7fc45fcb",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'vel'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 55,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[2:5]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 56,
+   "id": "d9d5a6b1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'ove'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 56,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[1:4]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 57,
+   "id": "7ffd54bd",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'lace'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 57,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[4:8]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 58,
+   "id": "906af842",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'lace'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 58,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[4:]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 59,
+   "id": "c9da91b1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Love'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 59,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[:4]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 60,
+   "id": "8eea8427",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'a'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 60,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# slice the third-to-last character \n",
+    "last_name[-3]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "796f245f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'ace'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 61,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# slice from the third-to-last character to the end\n",
+    "last_name[-3:]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 63,
+   "id": "e6c86848",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "phone_number = '+1 555-123-4567'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 64,
+   "id": "c2bcfee9",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'+1 555-123-4567'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 64,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "phone_number"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 65,
+   "id": "ec771fa3",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'555'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 65,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "phone_number[3:6]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 67,
+   "id": "4fa3e573",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1 fish 2 fish\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1, \"fish\", 2, \"fish\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 68,
+   "id": "349bbbee",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "87"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 68,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "len('We have a very, very, very long sentence and need to know how many characters there are')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 69,
+   "id": "be48c4f2",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'banana'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 69,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "fruit = 'banana'\n",
+    "fruit"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 70,
+   "id": "900819bd",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['a', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'n', 'n']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 70,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sorted(fruit)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 71,
+   "id": "21a42dd9",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'I AM NOT YELLING'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 71,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# methods \n",
+    "# function that works only for a specific type of data\n",
+    "# e.g., string methods work only on strings\n",
+    "# methods are called differently from other functions\n",
+    "\n",
+    "'I am not yelling'.upper()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 74,
+   "id": "41384639",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "4"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 74,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'This string is unusual'.count('s')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 75,
+   "id": "ccc08fac",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 75,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'file_name.csv'.endswith('.csv')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 76,
+   "id": "73faafc0",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'long_file_name_with_space.csv'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 76,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'long file name with space.csv'.replace(' ', '_')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 77,
+   "id": "0283c389",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Ada'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 77,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_name"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 78,
+   "id": "e3dd2b2b",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Lovelace'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 78,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 80,
+   "id": "575f8468",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'A'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 80,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "first_name[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 81,
+   "id": "ba4d5331",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'L'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 81,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "last_name[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 79,
+   "id": "7af266c4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Ada Lovelace's initials are A. L.\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 79,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# format() \n",
+    "\n",
+    "'Ada Lovelace\\'s initials are {}. {}.'.format(first_name[0], last_name[0])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 83,
+   "id": "01afdb05",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Kaylie's favourite vegetable is carrot\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 83,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"Kaylie's favourite vegetable is {}\".format('carrot')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 84,
+   "id": "feb83384",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Ada Lovelace's initials are A. L.\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 84,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# f-string\n",
+    "\n",
+    "f'Ada Lovelace\\'s initials are {first_name[0]}. {last_name[0]}.'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 86,
+   "id": "20c3c660",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "\"Kaylie's favourite vegetable is carrot\""
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 86,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "f\"Kaylie's favourite vegetable is {'carrot'}\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 87,
+   "id": "dbafa96e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Help on built-in function round in module builtins:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "round(number, ndigits=None)\n",
+      "    Round a number to a given precision in decimal digits.\n",
+      "    \n",
+      "    The return value is an integer if ndigits is omitted or None.  Otherwise\n",
+      "    the return value has the same type as the number.  ndigits may be negative.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "help(round)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 88,
+   "id": "5150b562",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Help on method_descriptor:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "lower(self, /) unbound builtins.str method\n",
+      "    Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "help(str.lower)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 89,
+   "id": "33ed9c2e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'all caps'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 89,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "'ALL CAPS'.lower()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "d8eeafa7",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "17"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 90,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# float -> int\n",
+    "int(17.4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 91,
+   "id": "a93cfd8a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "15"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 91,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "int(15.9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 97,
+   "id": "6c8b0eca",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "18"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 97,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# string -> int\n",
+    "int('18')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 98,
+   "id": "3cbbfb73",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "ValueError",
+     "evalue": "invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'me'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[98]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mint\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43mme\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'me'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "int('me')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 99,
+   "id": "112ecc3f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "ValueError",
+     "evalue": "invalid literal for int() with base 10: '1.74'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[99]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mint\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m1.74\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '1.74'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "int('1.74')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 100,
+   "id": "90467956",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "892.0"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 100,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# string -> float\n",
+    "\n",
+    "float('892') "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 101,
+   "id": "bb8cf634",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "ValueError",
+     "evalue": "could not convert string to float: 'you'",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[101]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mfloat\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43myou\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "\u001b[31mValueError\u001b[39m: could not convert string to float: 'you'"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "float('you')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 102,
+   "id": "1b287393",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'37.5'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 102,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# float -> string\n",
+    "\n",
+    "str(37.5)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 104,
+   "id": "7e6bc672",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'20'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 104,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# int -> string\n",
+    "\n",
+    "str(20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 105,
+   "id": "ebad40aa",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "age = input('How old are you? ')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 106,
+   "id": "65e11c3f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'1000'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 106,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "age"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 107,
+   "id": "12420d82",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "colour = input(\"What is your favourite colour? \")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 108,
+   "id": "880cc30a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'Red'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 108,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "colour"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 116,
+   "id": "53404147",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "animal = input(\"What is your favourite animal? \")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 110,
+   "id": "80f35c09",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "''"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 110,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "animal"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 113,
+   "id": "8d1c9bdc",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'1000'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 113,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "age"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "31c28e7a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "1001"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 111,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "age_next_bday = int(age) + 1 # 1000 + 1\n",
+    "age_next_bday"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "59d8fe01",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m",
+      "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[112]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 1\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1\u001b[39m age_next_bday = \u001b[43mage\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m+\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[32;43m1\u001b[39;49m\n\u001b[32m      2\u001b[39m age_next_bday\n",
+      "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m: can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "age_next_bday = age + 1 # '1000' + 1\n",
+    "age_next_bday"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "e359420c",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## `not`\n",
+    "\n",
+    "|X|`not` X|\n",
+    "|-|-|\n",
+    "|True|False|\n",
+    "|False|True|"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 123,
+   "id": "5721d429",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 123,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# not \n",
+    "# negate the truth value of the statement\n",
+    "\n",
+    "not True"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 124,
+   "id": "34cd8c44",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 124,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "not False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 117,
+   "id": "5c4e350e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 117,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "3 == 3"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "a3dbd7de",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 125,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "not (3 == 3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "39181142",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 127,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "not (3 == 3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "4afd93a0",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## `and`\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Evaluates to `True` if both statements are true.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "|X|Y|X `and` Y|\n",
+    "|-|-|-|\n",
+    "|True|True|True|\n",
+    "|False|True|False|\n",
+    "|True|False|False|\n",
+    "|False|False|False|"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 130,
+   "id": "59eda2f3",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 130,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# and: check if the statements on both sides are true\n",
+    "\n",
+    "True and False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 131,
+   "id": "0196893a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 131,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(7 == 7)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 132,
+   "id": "99b4d635",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 132,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(9 > 32)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "9cb71e64",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 134,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(7 == 7) and (9 > 32) # True and False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 136,
+   "id": "76cb9b54",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 136,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(4 == 2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 137,
+   "id": "3439af4d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 137,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(5 > 6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 135,
+   "id": "30d638db",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 135,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "(4 == 2) and (5 > 6) # False and False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "9a615cf6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# behaviour of the `and` operator is that it will return the first\n",
+    "# falsy value encountered or the last truthy value  if all operands \n",
+    "# are true based on the conditions provided"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "cebc717e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 138,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "is_winter = \"True\" # string, non-empty and is considered `True`\n",
+    "is_cloudy = True # boolean\n",
+    "\n",
+    "is_winter and is_cloudy # \"True\" and True"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "f12fccc8",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'True'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 139,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "is_cloudy and is_winter # True and \"True\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 140,
+   "id": "3002f55b",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "''"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 140,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"\" and False #empty string and boolean False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 141,
+   "id": "f09120a4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 141,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "False and \"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "aefdd479",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "0"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 142,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "0 and 1 # False and True"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "5469fba2",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## To avoid confusion and ensure consistent behaviour, it's recommended to use boolean values (`True` or `False`) explicitly when working with logical operations to ensure predictable outcomes based on boolean logic."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "eff29187",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## `or`\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Evaluates to `True` if just one of the statements is true.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "|X|Y|X `or` Y|\n",
+    "|-|-|-|\n",
+    "|True|True|True|\n",
+    "|False|True|True|\n",
+    "|True|False|True|\n",
+    "|False|False|False|"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 145,
+   "id": "29d6e9e1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 145,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# or: check if at least one of the statements are true\n",
+    "\n",
+    "(4 == 4) or False # True or False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "41ae10b4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 146,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "('Python' == 'python') or True # False or True"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "ed2fd28b",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "False"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 148,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "not (7 % 2 == 1) or False # False or False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 152,
+   "id": "f68ce0da",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "True"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 152,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# or operator return the first truthy value encountered or the last falsy\n",
+    "# value if all operands are `False` based on the conditions provided\n",
+    "\n",
+    "True or \"True\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 153,
+   "id": "140fd7e0",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'True'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 153,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"True\" or True"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 154,
+   "id": "3ee1b166",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "0"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 154,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "0 or 0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 155,
+   "id": "fb97159e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "''"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 155,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "0 or ''"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "dac0230d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Operator precedence\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Boolean operators are evaluated after arithmetic and comparison operators.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "| Order | Operator | Description |\n",
+    "|---|---|---|\n",
+    "| 1 | `**` | Exponentiation |\n",
+    "| 2 | `-`| Negation |\n",
+    "| 3 | `*`, `/`, `//`, `%` | Multiplication, division, integer division, and modulo |\n",
+    "| 4 | `+`, `-` | Addition and subtraction |\n",
+    "| 5 | `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `==`, `!=` | Less than, less than or equal to, greater than, greater than or equal to, equal, not equal |\n",
+    "| 6 | `not` | Not |\n",
+    "| 7 | `and` | And |\n",
+    "| 8 | `or` | Or|"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "5d4da1e1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "year = 2026\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if year >= 2000:\n",
+    "    print(\"We are in the 21st century.\")"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "python-env",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.11.13"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}