diff --git a/includes/Checker/Abstract_Check_Runner.php b/includes/Checker/Abstract_Check_Runner.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3d44c6ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/includes/Checker/Abstract_Check_Runner.php
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Class WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\Abstract_Check_runner
+ *
+ * @package plugin-check
+ */
+
+namespace WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker;
+
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\Preparations\Universal_Runtime_Preparation;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract Check Runner class.
+ *
+ * @since n.e.x.t
+ */
+abstract class Abstract_Check_Runner implements Check_Runner {
+
+	/**
+	 * Determines if the current request is intended for the plugin checker.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return bool Returns true if the check is for plugin else false.
+	 */
+	abstract public function is_plugin_check();
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates and returns an instance of the Checks class based on the request.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return Checks An instances of the Checks class.
+	 */
+	abstract protected function get_checks_instance();
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an array of Check slugs to run based on the request.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return array An array of Check slugs.
+	 */
+	abstract protected function get_check_slugs_to_run();
+
+	/**
+	 * Prepares the environment for running the requested checks.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return callable Cleanup function to revert any changes made here.
+	 *
+	 * @throws Exception Thrown exception when preparation fails.
+	 */
+	public function prepare() {
+		if ( $this->requires_universal_preparations( $this->get_checks_to_run() ) ) {
+			$preparation = new Universal_Runtime_Preparation( $this->get_checks_instance()->context() );
+			return $preparation->prepare();
+		}
+
+		return function() {};
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Runs the checks against the plugin.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return Check_Result An object containing all check results.
+	 */
+	public function run() {
+		$checks       = $this->get_checks_to_run();
+		$preparations = $this->get_shared_preparations( $checks );
+		$cleanups     = array();
+
+		foreach ( $preparations as $preparation ) {
+			$instance   = new $preparation['class']( ...$preparation['args'] );
+			$cleanups[] = $instance->prepare();
+		}
+
+		$results = $this->get_checks_instance()->run_checks( $checks );
+
+		if ( ! empty( $cleanups ) ) {
+			foreach ( $cleanups as $cleanup ) {
+				$cleanup();
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $results;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determines if any of the checks requires the universal runtime preparation.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @param array $checks An array of check instances to run.
+	 * @return bool Returns true if one or more checks requires the universal runtime preparation.
+	 */
+	protected function requires_universal_preparations( array $checks ) {
+		foreach ( $checks as $check ) {
+			if ( $check instanceof Runtime_Check ) {
+				return true;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns all shared preparations used by the checks to run.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @param array $checks An array of Check instances to run.
+	 * @return array An array of Preparations to run where each item is an array with keys `class` and `args`.
+	 */
+	private function get_shared_preparations( array $checks ) {
+		$shared_preparations = array();
+
+		foreach ( $checks as $check ) {
+			if ( ! $check instanceof With_Shared_Preparations ) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			$preparations = $check->get_shared_preparations();
+
+			foreach ( $preparations as $class => $args ) {
+				$key = $class . '::' . md5( json_encode( $args ) );
+
+				if ( ! isset( $shared_preparations[ $key ] ) ) {
+					$shared_preparations[ $key ] = array(
+						'class' => $class,
+						'args'  => $args,
+					);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return array_values( $shared_preparations );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the Check instances to run.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return array An array map of check slugs to Check instances.
+	 */
+	protected function get_checks_to_run() {
+		$check_slugs = $this->get_check_slugs_to_run();
+		$all_checks  = $this->get_checks_instance()->get_checks();
+
+		if ( empty( $check_slugs ) ) {
+			return $all_checks;
+		}
+
+		return array_intersect_key( $all_checks, array_flip( $check_slugs ) );
+	}
+}
diff --git a/includes/Checker/CLI_Runner.php b/includes/Checker/CLI_Runner.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d240ebf2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/includes/Checker/CLI_Runner.php
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Class WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\CLI_Runner
+ *
+ * @package plugin-check
+ */
+
+namespace WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker;
+
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Utilities\Plugin_Request_Utility;
+
+/**
+ * CLI Runner class.
+ *
+ * @since n.e.x.t
+ */
+class CLI_Runner extends Abstract_Check_Runner {
+
+	/**
+	 * An instances of the Checks class.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 * @var Checks
+	 */
+	protected $checks;
+
+	/**
+	 * Checks if the current request is a CLI request for the Plugin Checker.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function is_plugin_check() {
+		if ( empty( $_SERVER['argv'] ) || 3 > count( $_SERVER['argv'] ) ) {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if (
+			'wp' === $_SERVER['argv'][0] &&
+			'plugin' === $_SERVER['argv'][1] &&
+			'check' === $_SERVER['argv'][2]
+		) {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Retruns an instance of the Checks class.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return Checks
+	 *
+	 * @throws Exception Thrown if the plugin main file cannot be found based on the CLI input.
+	 */
+	protected function get_checks_instance() {
+		if ( ! isset( $this->checks ) ) {
+			// Get the plugin name from the command line arguments.
+			$plugin_slug = isset( $_SERVER['argv'][3] ) ? $_SERVER['argv'][3] : '';
+			$plugin_file = Plugin_Request_Utility::get_plugin_basename_from_input( $plugin_slug );
+
+			$this->checks = new Checks( WP_PLUGIN_DIR . '/' . $plugin_file );
+		}
+
+		return $this->checks;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an array of Check instances to run.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return array An array of Check instances to run.
+	 */
+	protected function get_check_slugs_to_run() {
+		$checks = array();
+
+		foreach ( $_SERVER['argv'] as $value ) {
+			if ( false !== strpos( $value, '--checks=' ) ) {
+				$checks = explode( ',', str_replace( '--checks=', '', $value ) );
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $checks;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/includes/Checker/Checks.php b/includes/Checker/Checks.php
index 7219269df..75f112bb4 100644
--- a/includes/Checker/Checks.php
+++ b/includes/Checker/Checks.php
@@ -17,6 +17,14 @@
  */
 class Checks {
 
+	/**
+	 * Array of all available Checks.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $checks;
+
 	/**
 	 * Context for the plugin to check.
 	 *
@@ -36,6 +44,17 @@ public function __construct( $plugin_main_file ) {
 		$this->check_context = new Check_Context( $plugin_main_file );
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Returns the Check Context.
+	 *
+	 * @since n.e.x.t
+	 *
+	 * @return Check_Context The plugin context that is being checked.
+	 */
+	public function context() {
+		return $this->check_context;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Runs checks against the plugin.
 	 *
@@ -105,19 +124,25 @@ protected function run_check_with_result( Check $check, Check_Result $result ) {
 	 *
 	 * @since n.e.x.t
 	 *
-	 * @return array List of plugin check class instances implementing the Check interface.
+	 * @return array An array map of check slugs to Check instances.
 	 */
 	public function get_checks() {
-		// TODO: Add checks once implemented.
-		$checks = array();
-
-		/**
-		 * Filters the available plugin check classes.
-		 *
-		 * @since n.e.x.t
-		 *
-		 * @param array $checks List of plugin check class instances implementing the Check interface.
-		 */
-		return apply_filters( 'wp_plugin_check_checks', $checks );
+		if ( ! isset( $this->checks ) ) {
+			// TODO: Add checks once implemented.
+			$checks = array(
+				'i18n_usage' => new Checks\I18n_Usage_Check(),
+			);
+
+			/**
+			 * Filters the available plugin check classes.
+			 *
+			 * @since n.e.x.t
+			 *
+			 * @param array $checks An array map of check slugs to Check instances.
+			 */
+			$this->checks = apply_filters( 'wp_plugin_check_checks', $checks );
+		}
+
+		return $this->checks;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/includes/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility.php b/includes/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e06162ba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/includes/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility.php
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Class WordPress\Plugin_Check\Utilities
+ *
+ * @package plugin-check
+ */
+
+namespace WordPress\Plugin_Check\Utilities;
+
+use Exception;
+
+/**
+ * Class providing utility methods to return plugin information based on the request.
+ *
+ * @since n.e.x.t
+ */
+class Plugin_Request_Utility {
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the plugin basename based on the input provided.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $plugin_slug The plugin slug or basename.
+	 * @return string The plugin basename.
+	 *
+	 * @throws Exception Thrown if an invalid basename or plugin slug is provided.
+	 */
+	public static function get_plugin_basename_from_input( $plugin_slug ) {
+		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
+
+		if ( empty( $plugin_slug ) ) {
+			throw new Exception( 'Invalid plugin slug: Plugin slug must not be empty.' );
+		}
+
+		$plugins = get_plugins();
+
+		// Is the provided value is a full plugin basename?
+		if ( isset( $plugins[ $plugin_slug ] ) ) {
+			return $plugin_slug;
+		}
+
+		if ( strpos( $plugin_slug, '/' ) ) {
+			throw new Exception(
+				sprintf(
+					'Invalid plugin basename: Plugin with basename %s is not installed.',
+					$plugin_slug
+				)
+			);
+		}
+
+		foreach ( $plugins as $plugin_basename => $plugin_data ) {
+			if ( strpos( $plugin_basename, $plugin_slug . '/' ) === 0 ) {
+				return $plugin_basename;
+			}
+		}
+
+		throw new Exception(
+			sprintf(
+				'Invalid plugin slug: Plugin with slug %s is not installed.',
+				$plugin_slug
+			)
+		);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/Checker/CLI_Runner_Tests.php b/tests/Checker/CLI_Runner_Tests.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..278f3f211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Checker/CLI_Runner_Tests.php
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Tests for the Checks class.
+ *
+ * @package plugin-check
+ */
+
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\CLI_Runner;
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\Check_Result;
+
+class CLI_Runner_Tests extends WP_UnitTestCase {
+
+	public function test_is_plugin_check_returns_true() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array(
+			'wp',
+			'plugin',
+			'check',
+			'hello-dolly',
+		);
+
+		$runner = new CLI_Runner();
+
+		$this->assertTrue( $runner->is_plugin_check() );
+	}
+
+	public function test_is_plugin_check_returns_false() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array();
+
+		$runner = new CLI_Runner();
+
+		$this->assertFalse( $runner->is_plugin_check() );
+	}
+
+	public function test_prepare_with_runtime_check() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array(
+			'wp',
+			'plugin',
+			'check',
+			'plugin-check',
+			'--checks=runtime-check',
+		);
+
+		add_filter(
+			'wp_plugin_check_checks',
+			function( $checks ) {
+				return array(
+					'runtime-check' => new WordPress\Plugin_Check\Test_Data\Runtime_Check(),
+				);
+			}
+		);
+
+		$runner  = new CLI_Runner();
+		$cleanup = $runner->prepare();
+
+		$this->assertIsCallable( $cleanup );
+
+		// Assert the Universal_Runtume_Preparation was run.
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'option_active_plugins' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'default_option_active_plugins' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'stylesheet' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'template' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'pre_option_template' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'pre_option_stylesheet' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'pre_option_current_theme' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'pre_option_template_root' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( has_filter( 'pre_option_stylesheet_root' ) );
+	}
+
+	public function test_prepare_with_static_check() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array(
+			'wp',
+			'plugin',
+			'check',
+			'plugin-check',
+			'--checks=empty-check',
+		);
+
+		add_filter(
+			'wp_plugin_check_checks',
+			function( $checks ) {
+				return array(
+					'empty-check' => new WordPress\Plugin_Check\Test_Data\Empty_Check(),
+				);
+			}
+		);
+
+		$runner  = new CLI_Runner();
+		$cleanup = $runner->prepare();
+
+		$this->assertIsCallable( $cleanup );
+
+		// Assert the Universal_Runtume_Preparation was not run.
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'option_active_plugins' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'default_option_active_plugins' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'stylesheet' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'template' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'pre_option_template' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'pre_option_stylesheet' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'pre_option_current_theme' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'pre_option_template_root' ) );
+		$this->assertFalse( has_filter( 'pre_option_stylesheet_root' ) );
+	}
+
+	public function test_run() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array(
+			'wp',
+			'plugin',
+			'check',
+			'plugin-check',
+			'--checks=empty-check',
+		);
+
+		add_filter(
+			'wp_plugin_check_checks',
+			function( $checks ) {
+				return array(
+					'empty-check' => new WordPress\Plugin_Check\Test_Data\Empty_Check(),
+				);
+			}
+		);
+
+		$runner = new CLI_Runner();
+		$runner->prepare();
+		$results = $runner->run();
+
+		$this->assertInstanceOf( Check_Result::class, $results );
+		$this->assertEmpty( $results->get_warnings() );
+		$this->assertEmpty( $results->get_errors() );
+	}
+
+	public function test_run_with_errors() {
+		$_SERVER['argv'] = array(
+			'wp',
+			'plugin',
+			'check',
+			'plugin-check',
+			'--checks=error-check',
+		);
+
+		add_filter(
+			'wp_plugin_check_checks',
+			function( $checks ) {
+				return array(
+					'error-check' => new WordPress\Plugin_Check\Test_Data\Error_Check(),
+				);
+			}
+		);
+
+		$runner = new CLI_Runner();
+		$runner->prepare();
+		$results = $runner->run();
+
+		$this->assertInstanceOf( Check_Result::class, $results );
+		$this->assertEmpty( $results->get_warnings() );
+		$this->assertNotEmpty( $results->get_errors() );
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility_Tests.php b/tests/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility_Tests.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..47b677f57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Utilities/Plugin_Request_Utility_Tests.php
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Tests for the Plugin_Request_Utility class.
+ *
+ * @package plugin-check
+ */
+
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Utilities\Plugin_Request_Utility;
+
+class Plugin_Request_Utility_Tests extends WP_UnitTestCase {
+
+	public function test_get_plugin_basename_from_input() {
+		$plugin = Plugin_Request_Utility::get_plugin_basename_from_input( 'plugin-check' );
+
+		$this->assertSame( plugin_basename( WP_PLUGIN_CHECK_MAIN_FILE ), $plugin );
+	}
+
+	public function test_get_plugin_basename_from_input_with_empty_input() {
+		$this->expectException( 'Exception' );
+		$this->expectExceptionMessage( 'Invalid plugin slug: Plugin slug must not be empty.' );
+
+		Plugin_Request_Utility::get_plugin_basename_from_input( '' );
+	}
+
+	public function test_get_plugin_basename_from_input_with_invalid_input() {
+		$this->expectException( 'Exception' );
+		$this->expectExceptionMessage( 'Invalid plugin slug: Plugin with slug invalid is not installed.' );
+
+		Plugin_Request_Utility::get_plugin_basename_from_input( 'invalid' );
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/testdata/Checks/Runtime_Check.php b/tests/testdata/Checks/Runtime_Check.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95c22b039
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testdata/Checks/Runtime_Check.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace WordPress\Plugin_Check\Test_Data;
+
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\Runtime_Check as Runtime_Check_Interface;
+use WordPress\Plugin_Check\Checker\Check_Result;
+
+class Runtime_Check implements Runtime_Check_Interface {
+	public function run( Check_Result $check_result ) {
+		return;
+	}
+}