diff --git a/r/R/dplyr-summarize.R b/r/R/dplyr-summarize.R
index cd93e28f07e..3a6c76e28cb 100644
--- a/r/R/dplyr-summarize.R
+++ b/r/R/dplyr-summarize.R
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ do_arrow_summarize <- function(.data, ..., .groups = NULL) {
 
   mask <- arrow_mask(.data, aggregation = TRUE)
 
-  results <- list()
+  results <- empty_named_list()
   for (i in seq_along(exprs)) {
     # Iterate over the indices and not the names because names may be repeated
     # (which overwrites the previous name)
diff --git a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-summarize.R b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-summarize.R
index 78d36630e56..9f149673c5a 100644
--- a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-summarize.R
+++ b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-summarize.R
@@ -369,3 +369,13 @@ test_that("Expressions on aggregations", {
     tbl
   )
 })
+
+test_that("Summarize with 0 arguments", {
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      group_by(some_grouping) %>%
+      summarize() %>%
+      collect(),
+    tbl
+  )
+})