diff --git a/r/R/dplyr-functions.R b/r/R/dplyr-functions.R
index a91db55257a..3c61157f260 100644
--- a/r/R/dplyr-functions.R
+++ b/r/R/dplyr-functions.R
@@ -601,6 +601,50 @@ nse_funcs$str_pad <- function(string, width, side = c("left", "right", "both"),
   )
 }
 
+nse_funcs$startsWith <- function(x, prefix) {
+  Expression$create(
+    "starts_with",
+    x,
+    options = list(pattern = prefix)
+  )
+}
+
+nse_funcs$endsWith <- function(x, suffix) {
+  Expression$create(
+    "ends_with",
+    x,
+    options = list(pattern = suffix)
+  )
+}
+
+nse_funcs$str_starts <- function(string, pattern, negate = FALSE) {
+  opts <- get_stringr_pattern_options(enexpr(pattern))
+  if (opts$fixed) {
+    out <- nse_funcs$startsWith(x = string, prefix = opts$pattern)
+  } else {
+    out <- nse_funcs$grepl(pattern = paste0("^", opts$pattern), x = string, fixed = FALSE)
+  }
+
+  if (negate) {
+    out <- !out
+  }
+  out
+}
+
+nse_funcs$str_ends <- function(string, pattern, negate = FALSE) {
+  opts <- get_stringr_pattern_options(enexpr(pattern))
+  if (opts$fixed) {
+    out <- nse_funcs$endsWith(x = string, suffix = opts$pattern)
+  } else {
+    out <- nse_funcs$grepl(pattern = paste0(opts$pattern, "$"), x = string, fixed = FALSE)
+  }
+
+  if (negate) {
+    out <- !out
+  }
+  out
+}
+
 # String function helpers
 
 # format `pattern` as needed for case insensitivity and literal matching by RE2
diff --git a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-string.R b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-string.R
index 1a226eff25a..dd59b5ac55d 100644
--- a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-string.R
+++ b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-string.R
@@ -1248,3 +1248,91 @@ test_that("str_sub", {
     "`end` must be length 1 - other lengths are not supported in Arrow"
   )
 })
+
+test_that("str_starts, str_ends, startsWith, endsWith", {
+  df <- tibble(x = c("Foo", "bar", "baz", "qux"))
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_starts(x, "b.*")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_starts(x, "b.*", negate = TRUE)) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_starts(x, fixed("b.*"))) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_starts(x, fixed("b"))) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_ends(x, "r")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_ends(x, "r", negate = TRUE)) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_ends(x, fixed("r$"))) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(str_ends(x, fixed("r"))) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(startsWith(x, "b")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(endsWith(x, "r")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(startsWith(x, "b.*")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+
+  expect_dplyr_equal(
+    input %>%
+      filter(endsWith(x, "r$")) %>%
+      collect(),
+    df
+  )
+})