diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/FindPython3Alt.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/FindPython3Alt.cmake
index ab91c7be052..80b69ccfab7 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/FindPython3Alt.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/FindPython3Alt.cmake
@@ -65,9 +65,24 @@ endif()
 
 set(PYTHON_EXECUTABLE ${Python3_EXECUTABLE})
 set(PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS ${Python3_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-set(PYTHON_LIBRARIES ${Python3_LIBRARIES})
 set(PYTHON_OTHER_LIBS)
 
+# On Windows, debug builds of Python will have format: 
+#  "optimized python3x.lib debug python3xd.lib"
+list(LENGTH Python3_LIBRARIES NUM_LIBS)
+if(NUM_LIBS EQUAL 4)
+  if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "DEBUG")
+    list(SUBLIST Python3_LIBRARIES 3 1 PYTHON_LIBRARIES)
+  else()
+    list(SUBLIST Python3_LIBRARIES 1 1 PYTHON_LIBRARIES)
+  endif()
+else()
+  set(PYTHON_LIBRARIES ${Python3_LIBRARIES})
+endif()
+unset(NUM_LIBS)
+
+message("Python libraries: ${PYTHON_LIBRARIES}")
+
 get_target_property(NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS Python3::NumPy INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
 
 # CMake's python3_add_library() doesn't apply the required extension suffix,
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/FindThrift.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/FindThrift.cmake
index 750d8ce8341..dd54fd10f9a 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/FindThrift.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/FindThrift.cmake
@@ -46,9 +46,17 @@ endfunction(EXTRACT_THRIFT_VERSION)
 if(MSVC_TOOLCHAIN AND NOT DEFINED THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX)
   if(NOT ARROW_THRIFT_USE_SHARED)
     if(ARROW_USE_STATIC_CRT)
-      set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "mt")
+      if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "DEBUG")
+        set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "mtd")
+      else()
+        set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "mt")
+      endif()
     else()
-      set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "md")
+      if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "DEBUG")
+        set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "mdd")
+      else()
+        set(THRIFT_MSVC_LIB_SUFFIX "md")
+      endif()
     endif()
   endif()
 endif()
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index c35b9e3102a..0872ad9cb27 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ set(ARROW_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES
 # supported when building with MSVC because of the way that
 # conda-forge packages have 4 variants of the libraries packaged
 # together
-if(MSVC AND "${GTest_SOURCE}" STREQUAL "")
+if(MSVC AND "${GTest_SOURCE}" STREQUAL "" AND "${ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE}" STREQUAL "CONDA")
   set(GTest_SOURCE "BUNDLED")
 endif()
 
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ macro(resolve_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
     list(APPEND FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS CONFIG)
   endif()
   if(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "AUTO")
+    message("Finding auto package with args: ${FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS}")
     find_package(${FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS})
     if(${${PACKAGE_NAME}_FOUND})
       set(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE "SYSTEM")
@@ -236,8 +237,10 @@ macro(resolve_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
       set(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE "BUNDLED")
     endif()
   elseif(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "BUNDLED")
+    message("Finding bundled package with args: ${FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS}")
     build_dependency(${DEPENDENCY_NAME})
   elseif(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
+    message("Finding package with args: ${FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS}")
     find_package(${FIND_PACKAGE_ARGUMENTS} REQUIRED)
   endif()
   if(${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM" AND ARG_IS_RUNTIME_DEPENDENCY)
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/Usevcpkg.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/Usevcpkg.cmake
index 06ac4dd075d..cef31f16b44 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/Usevcpkg.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/Usevcpkg.cmake
@@ -235,6 +235,9 @@ set(BROTLI_ROOT
 set(LZ4_ROOT
     "${ARROW_VCPKG_PREFIX}"
     CACHE STRING "")
+set(GTEST_ROOT
+    "${ARROW_VCPKG_PREFIX}"
+    CACHE STRING "")
 
 if(CMAKE_HOST_WIN32)
   set(LZ4_MSVC_LIB_PREFIX
diff --git a/docs/source/developers/cpp/windows.rst b/docs/source/developers/cpp/windows.rst
index b2c0c238ff2..6494354e96c 100644
--- a/docs/source/developers/cpp/windows.rst
+++ b/docs/source/developers/cpp/windows.rst
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ For Visual Studio 2019, the script is:
 
   "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat" -arch=amd64
 
+For Visual Studio 2022, the script is:
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+  "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat" -arch=amd64
+
 One can configure a console emulator like `cmder <https://cmder.net/>`_ to
 automatically launch this when starting a new development console.
 
@@ -183,7 +189,7 @@ Building with Ninja and clcache
 
 The `Ninja <https://ninja-build.org/>`_ build system offers better build
 parallelization, and the optional `clcache
-<https://github.com/frerich/clcache/>`_ compiler cache keeps track of
+<https://github.com/Nuitka/clcache/>`_ compiler cache keeps track of
 past compilations to avoid running them over and over again (in a way similar
 to the Unix-specific ``ccache``).
 
@@ -196,11 +202,9 @@ If Ninja is not included in your version of Visual Studio, and you are using
 conda, activate your conda environment and install Ninja and clcache:
 
 .. code-block:: shell
-
    activate arrow-dev
    conda install -c conda-forge ninja
-   pip install git+https://github.com/frerich/clcache.git
-
+   pip install git+https://github.com/Nuitka/clcache.git
 If you are not using conda,
 `install Ninja from another source <https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/wiki/Pre-built-Ninja-packages>`_
 and optionally
@@ -227,7 +231,6 @@ of ``cmake`` is the preferred method of using ``clcache``. Alternatively, you
 can set ``CC`` and ``CXX`` environment variables before calling ``cmake``:
 
 .. code-block:: shell
-
    ...
    set CC=clcache
    set CXX=clcache
@@ -414,7 +417,6 @@ tests can be made with there individual make targets).
    SET JOB=Static_Crt_Build
    SET GENERATOR=Ninja
    SET APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE=Visual Studio 2017
-   SET USE_CLCACHE=false
    SET ARROW_BUILD_GANDIVA=OFF
    SET ARROW_LLVM_VERSION=8.0.*
    SET PYTHON=3.9