diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
index 2cb04e6b413..bd635dd169b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ jobs:
       ARROW_WITH_BROTLI: ON
       ARROW_WITH_BZ2: ON
       ARROW_WITH_LZ4: ON
+      ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY: ON
       ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZLIB: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZSTD: ON
@@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ jobs:
       ARROW_WITH_BROTLI: OFF
       ARROW_WITH_BZ2: OFF
       ARROW_WITH_LZ4: OFF
+      ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY: OFF
       ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZLIB: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZSTD: ON
@@ -274,6 +276,7 @@ jobs:
       ARROW_WITH_BROTLI: ON
       ARROW_WITH_BZ2: ON
       ARROW_WITH_LZ4: ON
+      ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY: OFF
       ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZLIB: ON
       ARROW_WITH_ZSTD: ON
diff --git a/ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile
index 9363e67f796..c9417da446e 100644
--- a/ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    # Blocked on https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15066
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=OFF \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-10-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-10-cpp.dockerfile
index 2bb9e88a711..b5fa2716907 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-10-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-10-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=OFF \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
index c2b0e98d9fc..87bb5b50ba5 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=OFF \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/fedora-33-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/fedora-33-cpp.dockerfile
index a60a572ec3a..e42f7428f17 100644
--- a/ci/docker/fedora-33-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/fedora-33-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-18.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-18.04-cpp.dockerfile
index d3023f33794..ed038f4c4c5 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-18.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-18.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=OFF \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
index e551754ee2f..f77ff40e5fb 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=OFF \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
index 842be8ddbde..6d06f5c309c 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-21.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-21.04-cpp.dockerfile
index 2f74e177d32..88efdd51303 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-21.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-21.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BROTLI=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON \
+    ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
diff --git a/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh b/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
index a40e407c3a5..4bbfcb7f90b 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ cmake \
   -DARROW_WITH_BROTLI=${ARROW_WITH_BROTLI:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_WITH_BZ2=${ARROW_WITH_BZ2:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_WITH_LZ4=${ARROW_WITH_LZ4:-OFF} \
+  -DARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY=${ARROW_WITH_OPENTELEMETRY:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=${ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_WITH_UTF8PROC=${ARROW_WITH_UTF8PROC:-ON} \
   -DARROW_WITH_ZLIB=${ARROW_WITH_ZLIB:-OFF} \
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/aggregate_node.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/aggregate_node.cc
index 924b3a1315c..b4982ef111f 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/aggregate_node.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/aggregate_node.cc
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ class ScalarAggregateNode : public ExecNode {
   Future<> finished() override { return finished_; }
 
  protected:
-  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent) const override {
+  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent = 0) const override {
     std::stringstream ss;
     const auto input_schema = inputs_[0]->output_schema();
     AggregatesToString(&ss, *input_schema, aggs_, target_field_ids_, owned_options_);
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ class GroupByNode : public ExecNode {
   Future<> finished() override { return finished_; }
 
  protected:
-  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent) const override {
+  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent = 0) const override {
     std::stringstream ss;
     const auto input_schema = inputs_[0]->output_schema();
     ss << "keys=[";
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/filter_node.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/filter_node.cc
index 961108432a0..6f15e44653f 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/filter_node.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/filter_node.cc
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class FilterNode : public MapNode {
   }
 
  protected:
-  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent) const override {
+  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent = 0) const override {
     return "filter=" + filter_.ToString();
   }
 
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/project_node.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/project_node.cc
index ae276e17ce8..79eddeb15e2 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/project_node.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/project_node.cc
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class ProjectNode : public MapNode {
   }
 
  protected:
-  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent) const override {
+  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent = 0) const override {
     std::stringstream ss;
     ss << "projection=[";
     for (int i = 0; static_cast<size_t>(i) < exprs_.size(); i++) {
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/sink_node.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/sink_node.cc
index 51316d6303e..a59d5eaed41 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/sink_node.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/exec/sink_node.cc
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ struct OrderBySinkNode final : public SinkNode {
   }
 
  protected:
-  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent) const override {
+  std::string ToStringExtra(int indent = 0) const override {
     return std::string("by=") + impl_->ToString();
   }