diff --git a/r/NEWS.md b/r/NEWS.md
index 81a23aa0318..43e36a52541 100644
--- a/r/NEWS.md
+++ b/r/NEWS.md
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 # arrow 7.0.0.9000
 
 * `read_csv_arrow()`'s readr-style type `T` is now mapped to `timestamp(unit = "ns")` instead of `timestamp(unit = "s")`.
-* `lubridate`: 
-  * `tz()` to extract/get timezone
-  * `semester()` to extract/get semester
-  * `dst()` to get daylight savings time indicator.
-  * `date()` to extract date
-  * `epiyear()` to get epiyear
+* `lubridate`:
+  * component extraction functions: `tz()` (timezone), `semester()` (semester), `dst()` (daylight savings time indicator), `date()` (extract date), `epiyear()` (epiyear), improvements to `month()`, which now works with integer inputs.
 * date-time functionality:
   * `as.Date()` to convert to date
 
diff --git a/r/R/dplyr-funcs-datetime.R b/r/R/dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
index 5a22c970965..8f5a7689c07 100644
--- a/r/R/dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
+++ b/r/R/dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
@@ -105,17 +105,38 @@ register_bindings_datetime <- function() {
     (call_binding("yday", x) - 1) %/% 7 + 1
   })
 
-  register_binding("month", function(x, label = FALSE, abbr = TRUE, locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME")) {
+  register_binding("month", function(x,
+                                     label = FALSE,
+                                     abbr = TRUE,
+                                     locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME")) {
+
+    if (call_binding("is.integer", x)) {
+      x <- call_binding("if_else",
+                        call_binding("between", x, 1, 12),
+                        x,
+                        NA_integer_)
+      if (!label) {
+        # if we don't need a label we can return the integer itself (already
+        # constrained to 1:12)
+        return(x)
+      }
+        # make the integer into a date32() - which interprets integers as
+        # days from epoch (we multiply by 28 to be able to later extract the
+        # month with label) - NB this builds a false date (to be used by strftime)
+        # since we only know and care about the month
+        x <- build_expr("cast", x * 28L, options = cast_options(to_type = date32()))
+    }
+
     if (label) {
       if (abbr) {
         format <- "%b"
       } else {
         format <- "%B"
       }
-      return(Expression$create("strftime", x, options = list(format = format, locale = locale)))
+      return(build_expr("strftime", x, options = list(format = format, locale = locale)))
     }
 
-    Expression$create("month", x)
+    build_expr("month", x)
   })
 
   register_binding("is.Date", function(x) {
diff --git a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-datetime.R b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
index 073041a4b87..d0afda8912d 100644
--- a/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
+++ b/r/tests/testthat/test-dplyr-funcs-datetime.R
@@ -783,16 +783,12 @@ test_that("semester works with temporal types and integers", {
       collect(),
      test_df
   )
-  # semester extraction from months as integers is not supported yet
-  # it will be once https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-15701 is done
-  # TODO change from expect_error to compare_dplyr_bindings
-  expect_error(
-    test_df %>%
-      arrow_table() %>%
+
+  compare_dplyr_binding(
+    .input %>%
       mutate(sem_month_as_int = semester(month_as_int)) %>%
       collect(),
-    regexp = "NotImplemented: Function 'month' has no kernel matching input types (array[int32])",
-    fixed = TRUE
+    test_df
   )
 
   expect_error(
@@ -802,8 +798,8 @@ test_that("semester works with temporal types and integers", {
       collect(),
     regexp = "NotImplemented: Function 'month' has no kernel matching input types (array[string])",
     fixed = TRUE
-    )
-  })
+  )
+})
 
 test_that("dst extracts daylight savings time correctly", {
   test_df <- tibble(
@@ -820,6 +816,80 @@ test_that("dst extracts daylight savings time correctly", {
   )
 })
 
+test_that("month() supports integer input", {
+    test_df_month <- tibble(
+      month_as_int = c(1:12, NA)
+    )
+
+    compare_dplyr_binding(
+      .input %>%
+        mutate(month_int_input = month(month_as_int)) %>%
+        collect(),
+      test_df_month
+    )
+
+    skip_on_os("windows") # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-13168
+
+    compare_dplyr_binding(
+      .input %>%
+        # R returns ordered factor whereas Arrow returns character
+        mutate(
+          month_int_input = as.character(month(month_as_int, label = TRUE))
+        ) %>%
+        collect(),
+      test_df_month
+    )
+
+    compare_dplyr_binding(
+      .input %>%
+        # R returns ordered factor whereas Arrow returns character
+        mutate(
+          month_int_input = as.character(
+            month(month_as_int, label = TRUE, abbr = FALSE)
+          )
+        ) %>%
+        collect(),
+      test_df_month
+    )
+  })
+
+test_that("month() errors with double input and returns NA with int outside 1:12", {
+  test_df_month <- tibble(
+    month_as_int = c(-1L, 1L, 13L, NA),
+    month_as_double = month_as_int + 0.1
+  )
+
+  expect_equal(
+    test_df_month %>%
+      arrow_table() %>%
+      select(month_as_int) %>%
+      mutate(month_int_input = month(month_as_int)) %>%
+      collect(),
+    tibble(
+      month_as_int = c(-1L, 1L, 13L, NA),
+      month_int_input = c(NA, 1L, NA, NA)
+    )
+  )
+
+  expect_error(
+    test_df_month %>%
+      arrow_table() %>%
+      mutate(month_dbl_input = month(month_as_double)) %>%
+      collect(),
+    regexp = "Function 'month' has no kernel matching input types (array[double])",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+
+  expect_error(
+    test_df_month %>%
+      record_batch() %>%
+      mutate(month_dbl_input = month(month_as_double)) %>%
+      collect(),
+    regexp = "Function 'month' has no kernel matching input types (array[double])",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
 test_that("date works in arrow", {
   # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-13168
   skip_on_os("windows")