diff --git a/js/DEVELOP.md b/js/DEVELOP.md
index 06699830b93..51fe316c975 100644
--- a/js/DEVELOP.md
+++ b/js/DEVELOP.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ You can change the target you want to test by changing the imports in `perf/inde
 
 # Testing Bundling
 
-The bunldes use `apache-arrow` so make sure to build it with `yarn build -t apache-arrow`. To bundle with a variety of bundlers, run `yarn test:bundle` or `yarn gulp bundle`.
+The bundles use `apache-arrow` so make sure to build it with `yarn build -t apache-arrow`. To bundle with a variety of bundlers, run `yarn test:bundle` or `yarn gulp bundle`.
 
 Run `yarn gulp bundle:webpack:analyze` to open [Webpack Bundle Analyzer](https://github.com/webpack-contrib/webpack-bundle-analyzer).
 
diff --git a/js/package.json b/js/package.json
index 5b7d23ad0a3..8ab0d91803b 100644
--- a/js/package.json
+++ b/js/package.json
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@
     "jest": "27.5.1",
     "jest-silent-reporter": "0.5.0",
     "lerna": "4.0.0",
+    "lz4js": "0.2.0",
     "memfs": "3.4.1",
     "mkdirp": "1.0.4",
     "multistream": "4.1.0",
diff --git a/js/src/Arrow.dom.ts b/js/src/Arrow.dom.ts
index 2fdef60c1fb..4938daf1680 100644
--- a/js/src/Arrow.dom.ts
+++ b/js/src/Arrow.dom.ts
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export {
     RecordBatch,
     util,
     Builder, makeBuilder, builderThroughIterable, builderThroughAsyncIterable,
+    compressionRegistry, CompressionType,
 } from './Arrow.js';
 
 export {
diff --git a/js/src/Arrow.ts b/js/src/Arrow.ts
index dc44e10b920..f6002f5006e 100644
--- a/js/src/Arrow.ts
+++ b/js/src/Arrow.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 // under the License.
 
 export { MessageHeader } from './fb/message-header.js';
+export { CompressionType } from './fb/compression-type.js';
 
 export {
     Type,
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ export type { ReadableSource, WritableSink } from './io/stream.js';
 export { RecordBatchReader, RecordBatchFileReader, RecordBatchStreamReader, AsyncRecordBatchFileReader, AsyncRecordBatchStreamReader } from './ipc/reader.js';
 export { RecordBatchWriter, RecordBatchFileWriter, RecordBatchStreamWriter, RecordBatchJSONWriter } from './ipc/writer.js';
 export { tableToIPC, tableFromIPC } from './ipc/serialization.js';
+export { compressionRegistry } from './ipc/compression.js';
 export { MessageReader, AsyncMessageReader, JSONMessageReader } from './ipc/message.js';
 export { Message } from './ipc/metadata/message.js';
 export { RecordBatch } from './recordbatch.js';
diff --git a/js/src/ipc/compression.ts b/js/src/ipc/compression.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e9f3c447cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/js/src/ipc/compression.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+import { CompressionType } from '../fb/compression-type.js';
+
+export interface Codec {
+    encode?(data: Uint8Array): Uint8Array;
+    decode?(data: Uint8Array): Uint8Array;
+}
+
+class _CompressionRegistry {
+    protected declare registry: { [key in CompressionType]?: Codec };
+
+    constructor() {
+        this.registry = {};
+    }
+
+    set(compression: CompressionType, codec: Codec) {
+        this.registry[compression] = codec;
+    }
+
+    get(compression?: CompressionType): Codec | null {
+        if (compression !== undefined) {
+            return this.registry?.[compression] || null;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+export const compressionRegistry = new _CompressionRegistry();
diff --git a/js/src/ipc/metadata/json.ts b/js/src/ipc/metadata/json.ts
index 0fc1ca08019..117dd07fd18 100644
--- a/js/src/ipc/metadata/json.ts
+++ b/js/src/ipc/metadata/json.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ export function recordBatchFromJSON(b: any) {
     return new RecordBatch(
         b['count'],
         fieldNodesFromJSON(b['columns']),
-        buffersFromJSON(b['columns'])
+        buffersFromJSON(b['columns']),
+        null
     );
 }
 
diff --git a/js/src/ipc/metadata/message.ts b/js/src/ipc/metadata/message.ts
index 53501d55177..4e95675b9f6 100644
--- a/js/src/ipc/metadata/message.ts
+++ b/js/src/ipc/metadata/message.ts
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ import { FixedSizeBinary as _FixedSizeBinary } from '../../fb/fixed-size-binary.
 import { FixedSizeList as _FixedSizeList } from '../../fb/fixed-size-list.js';
 import { Map as _Map } from '../../fb/map.js';
 import { Message as _Message } from '../../fb/message.js';
+import { CompressionType as _CompressionType } from '../../fb/compression-type.js';
 
 import { Schema, Field } from '../../schema.js';
 import { toUint8Array } from '../../util/buffer.js';
@@ -150,13 +151,16 @@ export class RecordBatch {
     protected _length: number;
     protected _nodes: FieldNode[];
     protected _buffers: BufferRegion[];
+    protected _compression: _CompressionType | null;
     public get nodes() { return this._nodes; }
     public get length() { return this._length; }
     public get buffers() { return this._buffers; }
-    constructor(length: Long | number, nodes: FieldNode[], buffers: BufferRegion[]) {
+    public get compression() { return this._compression; }
+    constructor(length: Long | number, nodes: FieldNode[], buffers: BufferRegion[], compression: _CompressionType | null) {
         this._nodes = nodes;
         this._buffers = buffers;
         this._length = typeof length === 'number' ? length : length.low;
+        this._compression = compression;
     }
 }
 
@@ -297,10 +301,7 @@ function decodeSchema(_schema: _Schema, dictionaries: Map<number, DataType> = ne
 
 /** @ignore */
 function decodeRecordBatch(batch: _RecordBatch, version = MetadataVersion.V4) {
-    if (batch.compression() !== null) {
-        throw new Error('Record batch compression not implemented');
-    }
-    return new RecordBatch(batch.length(), decodeFieldNodes(batch), decodeBuffers(batch, version));
+    return new RecordBatch(batch.length(), decodeFieldNodes(batch), decodeBuffers(batch, version), batch.compression()?.codec() || null);
 }
 
 /** @ignore */
diff --git a/js/src/ipc/reader.ts b/js/src/ipc/reader.ts
index 5b949322d92..e7e92dd2bbb 100644
--- a/js/src/ipc/reader.ts
+++ b/js/src/ipc/reader.ts
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ import {
     isFileHandle, isFetchResponse,
     isReadableDOMStream, isReadableNodeStream
 } from '../util/compat.js';
+import { compressionRegistry } from './compression.js';
 
 /** @ignore */ export type FromArg0 = ArrowJSONLike;
 /** @ignore */ export type FromArg1 = PromiseLike<ArrowJSONLike>;
@@ -352,12 +353,24 @@ abstract class RecordBatchReaderImpl<T extends TypeMap = any> implements RecordB
         return this;
     }
 
-    protected _loadRecordBatch(header: metadata.RecordBatch, body: any) {
+    protected _loadRecordBatch(header: metadata.RecordBatch, body: Uint8Array) {
+        if (header.compression) {
+            const codec = compressionRegistry.get(header.compression);
+            if (codec?.decode) {
+                // TODO: does this need to be offset by 8 bytes? Since the uncompressed length is
+                // written in the first 8 bytes:
+                // https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/1fc251f18d5b48f0c9fe8af8168237e7e6d05a45/format/Message.fbs#L59-L65
+                body = codec.decode(body);
+            } else {
+                throw new Error('Record batch is compressed but codec not found');
+            }
+        }
+
         const children = this._loadVectors(header, body, this.schema.fields);
         const data = makeData({ type: new Struct(this.schema.fields), length: header.length, children });
         return new RecordBatch(this.schema, data);
     }
-    protected _loadDictionaryBatch(header: metadata.DictionaryBatch, body: any) {
+    protected _loadDictionaryBatch(header: metadata.DictionaryBatch, body: Uint8Array) {
         const { id, isDelta } = header;
         const { dictionaries, schema } = this;
         const dictionary = dictionaries.get(id);
@@ -370,7 +383,7 @@ abstract class RecordBatchReaderImpl<T extends TypeMap = any> implements RecordB
         }
         return dictionary.memoize();
     }
-    protected _loadVectors(header: metadata.RecordBatch, body: any, types: (Field | DataType)[]) {
+    protected _loadVectors(header: metadata.RecordBatch, body: Uint8Array, types: (Field | DataType)[]) {
         return new VectorLoader(body, header.nodes, header.buffers, this.dictionaries).visitMany(types);
     }
 }
diff --git a/js/src/ipc/writer.ts b/js/src/ipc/writer.ts
index 5f5cc37562b..97f5cf91be9 100644
--- a/js/src/ipc/writer.ts
+++ b/js/src/ipc/writer.ts
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ export class RecordBatchWriter<T extends TypeMap = any> extends ReadableInterop<
 
     protected _writeRecordBatch(batch: RecordBatch<T>) {
         const { byteLength, nodes, bufferRegions, buffers } = VectorAssembler.assemble(batch);
-        const recordBatch = new metadata.RecordBatch(batch.numRows, nodes, bufferRegions);
+        const recordBatch = new metadata.RecordBatch(batch.numRows, nodes, bufferRegions, null);
         const message = Message.from(recordBatch, byteLength);
         return this
             ._writeDictionaries(batch)
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ export class RecordBatchWriter<T extends TypeMap = any> extends ReadableInterop<
     protected _writeDictionaryBatch(dictionary: Data, id: number, isDelta = false) {
         this._dictionaryDeltaOffsets.set(id, dictionary.length + (this._dictionaryDeltaOffsets.get(id) || 0));
         const { byteLength, nodes, bufferRegions, buffers } = VectorAssembler.assemble(new Vector([dictionary]));
-        const recordBatch = new metadata.RecordBatch(dictionary.length, nodes, bufferRegions);
+        const recordBatch = new metadata.RecordBatch(dictionary.length, nodes, bufferRegions, null);
         const dictionaryBatch = new metadata.DictionaryBatch(recordBatch, id, isDelta);
         const message = Message.from(dictionaryBatch, byteLength);
         return this
diff --git a/js/yarn.lock b/js/yarn.lock
index 37e477adba5..27f0cf20400 100644
--- a/js/yarn.lock
+++ b/js/yarn.lock
@@ -6516,6 +6516,11 @@ lunr@^2.3.9:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/lunr/-/lunr-2.3.9.tgz#18b123142832337dd6e964df1a5a7707b25d35e1"
   integrity sha512-zTU3DaZaF3Rt9rhN3uBMGQD3dD2/vFQqnvZCDv4dl5iOzq2IZQqTxu90r4E5J+nP70J3ilqVCrbho2eWaeW8Ow==
 
+lz4js@0.2.0:
+  version "0.2.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/lz4js/-/lz4js-0.2.0.tgz#09f1a397cb2158f675146c3351dde85058cb322f"
+  integrity sha1-CfGjl8shWPZ1FGwzUd3oUFjLMi8=
+
 make-dir@^2.1.0:
   version "2.1.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/make-dir/-/make-dir-2.1.0.tgz#5f0310e18b8be898cc07009295a30ae41e91e6f5"