diff --git a/ci/appveyor-cpp-build.bat b/ci/appveyor-cpp-build.bat
index 0da8a7daccd..caadaab90b9 100644
--- a/ci/appveyor-cpp-build.bat
+++ b/ci/appveyor-cpp-build.bat
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ set CMAKE_ARGS=-DARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=CONDA -DARROW_WITH_BZ2=ON
 @rem Enable warnings-as-errors
 set ARROW_CXXFLAGS=/WX /MP
 
+@rem Install GCS testbench
+call %CD%\ci\scripts\install_gcs_testbench.bat
+
 @rem
 @rem Build and test Arrow C++ libraries (including Parquet)
 @rem
@@ -70,6 +73,7 @@ cmake -G "%GENERATOR%" %CMAKE_ARGS% ^
       -DARROW_FLIGHT=%ARROW_BUILD_FLIGHT% ^
       -DARROW_FLIGHT_SQL=%ARROW_BUILD_FLIGHT_SQL% ^
       -DARROW_GANDIVA=%ARROW_BUILD_GANDIVA% ^
+      -DARROW_GCS=%ARROW_GCS% ^
       -DARROW_HDFS=ON ^
       -DARROW_JSON=ON ^
       -DARROW_MIMALLOC=ON ^
@@ -97,6 +101,9 @@ cmake --build . --target install --config Release || exit /B
 @rem For ORC C++
 set TZDIR=%CONDA_PREFIX%\share\zoneinfo
 
+@rem For finding Python executable for GCS tests
+set PYTHON=python
+
 ctest --output-on-failure || exit /B
 
 popd
@@ -114,6 +121,7 @@ set PYARROW_WITH_ACERO=ON
 set PYARROW_WITH_DATASET=ON
 set PYARROW_WITH_FLIGHT=%ARROW_BUILD_FLIGHT%
 set PYARROW_WITH_GANDIVA=%ARROW_BUILD_GANDIVA%
+set PYARROW_WITH_GCS=%ARROW_GCS%
 set PYARROW_WITH_PARQUET=ON
 set PYARROW_WITH_PARQUET_ENCRYPTION=ON
 set PYARROW_WITH_S3=%ARROW_S3%
diff --git a/ci/scripts/install_gcs_testbench.bat b/ci/scripts/install_gcs_testbench.bat
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b03d0c2ad66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/scripts/install_gcs_testbench.bat
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+@rem Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+@rem or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+@rem distributed with this work for additional information
+@rem regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+@rem to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+@rem "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+@rem with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@rem
+@rem   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@rem
+@rem Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+@rem software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+@rem "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+@rem KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+@rem specific language governing permissions and limitations
+@rem under the License.
+
+@echo on
+
+set GCS_TESTBENCH_VERSION="v0.36.0"
+
+@REM Install GCS testbench %GCS_TESTBENCH_VERSION%
+python -m pip install  ^
+        "https://github.com/googleapis/storage-testbench/archive/%GCS_TESTBENCH_VERSION%.tar.gz" ^
+        || exit /B 1
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
index 80270a84c45..ee879c7050d 100644
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ set ARROW_ACERO=ON
 set ARROW_DATASET=ON
 set ARROW_FLIGHT=ON
 set ARROW_GANDIVA=OFF
+set ARROW_GCS=ON
 set ARROW_HDFS=ON
 set ARROW_ORC=OFF
 set ARROW_PARQUET=ON
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ cmake ^
     -DARROW_FILESYSTEM=ON ^
     -DARROW_FLIGHT=%ARROW_FLIGHT% ^
     -DARROW_GANDIVA=%ARROW_GANDIVA% ^
+    -DARROW_GCS=%ARROW_GCS% ^
     -DARROW_HDFS=%ARROW_HDFS% ^
     -DARROW_JSON=ON ^
     -DARROW_MIMALLOC=%ARROW_MIMALLOC% ^
@@ -111,6 +113,7 @@ set PYARROW_WITH_ACERO=%ARROW_ACERO%
 set PYARROW_WITH_DATASET=%ARROW_DATASET%
 set PYARROW_WITH_FLIGHT=%ARROW_FLIGHT%
 set PYARROW_WITH_GANDIVA=%ARROW_GANDIVA%
+set PYARROW_WITH_GCS=%ARROW_GCS%
 set PYARROW_WITH_HDFS=%ARROW_HDFS%
 set PYARROW_WITH_ORC=%ARROW_ORC%
 set PYARROW_WITH_PARQUET=%ARROW_PARQUET%
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_test.bat b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_test.bat
index cae1b7ef32a..c73b0cfd1b9 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_test.bat
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_test.bat
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ set PYARROW_TEST_CYTHON=ON
 set PYARROW_TEST_DATASET=ON
 set PYARROW_TEST_FLIGHT=ON
 set PYARROW_TEST_GANDIVA=OFF
+set PYARROW_TEST_GCS=ON
 set PYARROW_TEST_HDFS=ON
 set PYARROW_TEST_ORC=OFF
 set PYARROW_TEST_PARQUET=ON
@@ -38,11 +39,15 @@ set PARQUET_TEST_DATA=C:\arrow\submodules\parquet-testing\data
 @REM Install testing dependencies
 pip install -r C:\arrow\python\requirements-wheel-test.txt || exit /B 1
 
+@REM Install GCS testbench
+call "C:\arrow\ci\scripts\install_gcs_testbench.bat"
+
 @REM Install the built wheels
 python -m pip install --no-index --find-links=C:\arrow\python\dist\ pyarrow || exit /B 1 
 
 @REM Test that the modules are importable
 python -c "import pyarrow" || exit /B 1
+python -c "import pyarrow._gcsfs" || exit /B 1
 python -c "import pyarrow._hdfs" || exit /B 1 
 python -c "import pyarrow._s3fs" || exit /B 1
 python -c "import pyarrow.csv" || exit /B 1