diff --git a/ci/scripts/go_test.sh b/ci/scripts/go_test.sh
index bad2ffe6190..45ea513b1ec 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/go_test.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/go_test.sh
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ go test $testargs -tags $TAGS,noasm ./...
 popd
 
 export PARQUET_TEST_DATA=${1}/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing/data
+export PARQUET_TEST_BAD_DATA=${1}/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing/bad_data
 export ARROW_TEST_DATA=${1}/testing/data
 pushd ${source_dir}/parquet
 
diff --git a/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing b/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing
index cb7a9674142..50af3d8ce20 160000
--- a/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing
+++ b/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit cb7a9674142c137367bf75a01b79c6e214a73199
+Subproject commit 50af3d8ce206990d81014b1862e5ce7380dc3e08
diff --git a/go/parquet/internal/utils/bit_packing_avx2_amd64.go b/go/parquet/internal/utils/bit_packing_avx2_amd64.go
index 0455ccc505b..53c114ebf2e 100644
--- a/go/parquet/internal/utils/bit_packing_avx2_amd64.go
+++ b/go/parquet/internal/utils/bit_packing_avx2_amd64.go
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ func unpack32Avx2(in io.Reader, out []uint32, nbits int) int {
 
 	n := batch * nbits / 8
 
+	if n == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
 	buffer := bufferPool.Get().(*bytes.Buffer)
 	defer bufferPool.Put(buffer)
 	buffer.Reset()
diff --git a/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader.go b/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader.go
index a2e84d9ce27..d357fb24033 100755
--- a/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader.go
+++ b/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader.go
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/arrow/array"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/arrow/arrio"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/arrow/memory"
+	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/internal/utils"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/parquet"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/parquet/file"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18/parquet/schema"
@@ -331,6 +332,12 @@ func (fr *FileReader) ReadRowGroups(ctx context.Context, indices, rowGroups []in
 	wg.Add(np) // fan-out to np readers
 	for i := 0; i < np; i++ {
 		go func() {
+			defer func() {
+				if pErr := recover(); pErr != nil {
+					err := utils.FormatRecoveredError("panic while reading", pErr)
+					results <- resultPair{err: err}
+				}
+			}()
 			defer wg.Done()
 			for {
 				select {
diff --git a/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader_test.go b/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader_test.go
index fe5a4547a77..815a4ab4905 100644
--- a/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader_test.go
+++ b/go/parquet/pqarrow/file_reader_test.go
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -373,3 +374,55 @@ func TestFileReaderColumnChunkBoundsErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.ErrorContains(t, tooHighErr, fmt.Sprintf("there are only %d columns", schema.NumFields()))
 	}
 }
+
+func TestReadParquetFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := os.Getenv("PARQUET_TEST_BAD_DATA")
+	if dir == "" {
+		t.Skip("no path supplied with PARQUET_TEST_BAD_DATA")
+	}
+	assert.DirExists(t, dir)
+	filename := path.Join(dir, "ARROW-GH-43605.parquet")
+	ctx := context.TODO()
+
+	mem := memory.NewCheckedAllocator(memory.DefaultAllocator)
+
+	rdr, err := file.OpenParquetFile(
+		filename,
+		false,
+		file.WithReadProps(parquet.NewReaderProperties(mem)),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err2 := rdr.Close(); err2 != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err2)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	arrowRdr, err := pqarrow.NewFileReader(rdr, pqarrow.ArrowReadProperties{
+		Parallel:  true,
+		BatchSize: 0,
+	}, mem)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	table, err := arrowRdr.ReadTable(ctx)
+	defer table.Release()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, table.NumCols(), int64(1))
+	assert.Equal(t, table.NumRows(), int64(21186))
+
+	for i := 0; i < int(table.NumCols()); i++ {
+		col := table.Column(i)
+		assert.Equal(t, col.Len(), int(table.NumRows()))
+		for j := 0; j < col.Len(); j++ {
+			assert.Equal(t, col.Data().Chunk(0).(*array.Uint16).Value(j), uint16(0))
+		}
+	}
+}