diff --git a/datafusion/expr/src/expr_schema.rs b/datafusion/expr/src/expr_schema.rs
index c844bbd5384b4..d81ef1c22a13c 100644
--- a/datafusion/expr/src/expr_schema.rs
+++ b/datafusion/expr/src/expr_schema.rs
@@ -111,7 +111,26 @@ impl ExprSchemable for Expr {
                 _ => expr.get_type(schema),
             },
             Expr::Negative(expr) => expr.get_type(schema),
-            Expr::Column(c) => Ok(schema.data_type(c)?.clone()),
+            Expr::Column(c) => {
+                // First try to resolve the column as-is
+                match schema.data_type(c) {
+                    Ok(data_type) => Ok(data_type.clone()),
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        // If the column has a qualifier but wasn't found, try without the qualifier
+                        // This handles cases where aggregations produce unqualified schemas
+                        // but subsequent operations still reference the qualified names
+                        if c.relation.is_some() {
+                            let unqualified = Column::new_unqualified(&c.name);
+                            match schema.data_type(&unqualified) {
+                                Ok(data_type) => Ok(data_type.clone()),
+                                Err(_) => Err(e), // Return the original error
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            Err(e)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
             Expr::OuterReferenceColumn(field, _) => Ok(field.data_type().clone()),
             Expr::ScalarVariable(ty, _) => Ok(ty.clone()),
             Expr::Literal(l, _) => Ok(l.data_type()),
@@ -275,7 +294,26 @@ impl ExprSchemable for Expr {
                 || low.nullable(input_schema)?
                 || high.nullable(input_schema)?),
 
-            Expr::Column(c) => input_schema.nullable(c),
+            Expr::Column(c) => {
+                // First try to resolve the column as-is
+                match input_schema.nullable(c) {
+                    Ok(nullable) => Ok(nullable),
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        // If the column has a qualifier but wasn't found, try without the qualifier
+                        // This handles cases where aggregations produce unqualified schemas
+                        // but subsequent operations still reference the qualified names
+                        if c.relation.is_some() {
+                            let unqualified = Column::new_unqualified(&c.name);
+                            match input_schema.nullable(&unqualified) {
+                                Ok(nullable) => Ok(nullable),
+                                Err(_) => Err(e), // Return the original error
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            Err(e)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
             Expr::OuterReferenceColumn(field, _) => Ok(field.is_nullable()),
             Expr::Literal(value, _) => Ok(value.is_null()),
             Expr::Case(case) => {
@@ -777,9 +815,12 @@ pub fn cast_subquery(subquery: Subquery, cast_to_type: &DataType) -> Result<Subq
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::test::function_stub::avg;
     use crate::{col, lit, out_ref_col_with_metadata};
 
-    use datafusion_common::{internal_err, DFSchema, HashMap, ScalarValue};
+    use datafusion_common::{
+        internal_err, Column, DFSchema, HashMap, ScalarValue, TableReference,
+    };
 
     macro_rules! test_is_expr_nullable {
         ($EXPR_TYPE:ident) => {{
@@ -881,6 +922,126 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_qualified_column_after_aggregation() {
+        // Test for qualified column reference resolution after aggregation
+        // This test verifies the fix for the issue where binary expressions
+        // fail when referencing qualified column names after aggregation
+        // produces unqualified schemas.
+
+        // Create a schema that simulates the result of an aggregation
+        // where the output field is unqualified (just "value")
+        let unqualified_schema = DFSchema::from_unqualified_fields(
+            vec![Field::new("value", DataType::Float64, false)].into(),
+            std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        // Create a qualified column reference as would be produced
+        // in a query like: avg(memory_usage_bytes) / 1024
+        // where the aggregation produces "value" but the binary expression
+        // still references the original qualified name
+        let qualified_col = col("memory_usage_bytes.value");
+
+        // Before the fix, this would fail with:
+        // "No field named memory_usage_bytes.value. Valid fields are value."
+        // After the fix, it should successfully resolve to the unqualified "value" field
+        let data_type = qualified_col.get_type(&unqualified_schema).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(data_type, DataType::Float64);
+
+        // Test nullable resolution as well
+        let nullable = qualified_col.nullable(&unqualified_schema).unwrap();
+        assert!(!nullable);
+
+        // Test with binary expression
+        let expr = qualified_col / lit(1024);
+        let data_type = expr.get_type(&unqualified_schema).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(data_type, DataType::Float64);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_qualified_column_fallback_behavior() {
+        // Test that the fallback only happens for qualified columns and preserves error messages
+        let unqualified_schema = DFSchema::from_unqualified_fields(
+            vec![Field::new("existing_col", DataType::Int32, true)].into(),
+            std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        // Test 1: Qualified column that exists unqualified should work
+        let qualified_existing = col("table.existing_col");
+        assert!(qualified_existing.get_type(&unqualified_schema).is_ok());
+        assert!(qualified_existing.nullable(&unqualified_schema).is_ok());
+
+        // Test 2: Qualified column that doesn't exist should return original error
+        let qualified_nonexistent = col("table.nonexistent_col");
+        let error = qualified_nonexistent
+            .get_type(&unqualified_schema)
+            .unwrap_err();
+        assert!(error.to_string().contains("table.nonexistent_col"));
+
+        // Test 3: Unqualified column that doesn't exist should return original error (no fallback)
+        let unqualified_nonexistent = col("nonexistent_col");
+        let error = unqualified_nonexistent
+            .get_type(&unqualified_schema)
+            .unwrap_err();
+        assert!(error.to_string().contains("nonexistent_col"));
+        // Make sure it's not mentioning a qualified table prefix
+        assert!(!error.to_string().contains("table.nonexistent_col"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_aggregation_scenario() {
+        // Test a realistic aggregation scenario
+        use crate::logical_plan::builder::LogicalPlanBuilder;
+        use crate::logical_plan::builder::LogicalTableSource;
+        use arrow::datatypes::Schema;
+        use std::sync::Arc;
+
+        // Create input table schema with qualified columns
+        let table_schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+            Field::new("usage_bytes", DataType::Int64, false),
+            Field::new(
+                "timestamp",
+                DataType::Timestamp(arrow::datatypes::TimeUnit::Second, None),
+                false,
+            ),
+        ]));
+
+        // Build a plan that does aggregation
+        let plan = LogicalPlanBuilder::scan(
+            "metrics",
+            Arc::new(LogicalTableSource::new(table_schema)),
+            None,
+        )
+        .unwrap()
+        .aggregate(
+            Vec::<Expr>::new(),                    // no group by
+            vec![avg(col("metrics.usage_bytes"))], // avg with qualified column
+        )
+        .unwrap()
+        .build()
+        .unwrap();
+
+        // Get the output schema from the aggregation
+        let agg_schema = plan.schema();
+
+        // The aggregation output should have unqualified column names
+        // Let's create a qualified reference to test the fallback mechanism
+        let actual_column_name = agg_schema.field(0).name();
+        let qualified_ref =
+            Column::new(Some(TableReference::bare("metrics")), actual_column_name);
+
+        // This should work due to the fallback mechanism
+        let result = Expr::Column(qualified_ref).get_type(agg_schema);
+        assert!(
+            result.is_ok(),
+            "Failed to resolve qualified column after aggregation: {:?}",
+            result.err()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), DataType::Float64);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_expr_metadata() {
         let mut meta = HashMap::new();