diff --git a/cmake/modules/StandaloneCrt.cmake b/cmake/modules/StandaloneCrt.cmake
index 8c25cf48df27..306e4af13c0c 100644
--- a/cmake/modules/StandaloneCrt.cmake
+++ b/cmake/modules/StandaloneCrt.cmake
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ if(MSVC)
   # When building for Windows, use standard CMake for compatibility with
   # Visual Studio build tools and not require Make to be on the system.
 
+  # TODO: test building with this MSVC conditional code removed
+  # when USE_MICRO is enabled
+
   set(CRT_CONFIG, "src/runtime/micro/crt_config.h")
 
   add_library(host_standalone_crt
@@ -40,129 +43,154 @@ if(MSVC)
 
 else()
 
-  message(STATUS "Build standalone CRT for microTVM")
+  function(create_crt_library CRT_LIBRARY)
 
-  function(tvm_crt_define_targets)
-    # Build an isolated build directory, separate from the TVM tree.
-    list(APPEND CRT_FILE_COPY_JOBS
-         "3rdparty/libcrc/include *.h -> include"
-         "3rdparty/libcrc/src crcccitt.c -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common"
-         "3rdparty/libcrc/tab gentab_ccitt.inc -> src/runtime/crt/tab"
-         "3rdparty/dlpack/include *.h -> include"
-         "3rdparty/dmlc-core/include *.h -> include"
-         "include/tvm/runtime c_*_api.h -> include/tvm/runtime"
-         "include/tvm/runtime metadata_types.h -> include/tvm/runtime"
-         "include/tvm/runtime/crt *.h -> include/tvm/runtime/crt"
-         "src/runtime/crt Makefile -> ."
-         "src/runtime/crt/include *.h -> include"
-         "src/runtime/crt/aot_executor *.c -> src/runtime/crt/aot_executor"
-         "src/runtime/crt/aot_executor_module *.c -> src/runtime/crt/aot_executor_module"
-         "src/runtime/crt/common *.c -> src/runtime/crt/common"
-         "src/runtime/crt/graph_executor *.c -> src/runtime/crt/graph_executor"
-         "src/runtime/crt/graph_executor_module *.c -> src/runtime/crt/graph_executor_module"
-         "src/runtime/crt/host *.cc -> template/host"
-         "src/runtime/crt/host *.py -> template/host"
-         "src/runtime/crt/host Makefile.template -> template/host"
-         "src/runtime/crt/memory *.c -> src/runtime/crt/memory"
-         "src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common *.cc -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common"
-         "src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_server *.cc -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_server"
-         "src/runtime/minrpc *.h -> src/runtime/minrpc"
-         "src/support generic_arena.h -> src/support"
-         "src/support ssize.h -> src/support"
-         "src/runtime/crt crt_config-template.h -> template"
-         )
-
-    set(standalone_crt_base "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/standalone_crt")
-
-    foreach(job_spec IN LISTS CRT_FILE_COPY_JOBS)
-      string(REPLACE " " ";" job_spec "${job_spec}")
-      list(LENGTH job_spec job_spec_length)
-      math(EXPR job_spec_length_mod "${job_spec_length} % 3")
-      if(NOT "${job_spec_length_mod}" EQUAL 1)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "CRT copy job spec list length is ${job_spec_length}; parsed job spec is ${job_spec}")
-      endif()
-      math(EXPR job_spec_stop "${job_spec_length} - 3")
-
-      list(GET job_spec 0 job_src_base)
-      set(job_src_base "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${job_src_base}")
-      foreach(copy_pattern_index RANGE 1 "${job_spec_stop}" 3)
-        list(GET job_spec ${copy_pattern_index} copy_pattern)
-        math(EXPR copy_dest_index "${copy_pattern_index} + 2")
-        list(GET job_spec ${copy_dest_index} copy_dest)
-
-        tvm_file_glob(GLOB_RECURSE copy_files
-             RELATIVE "${job_src_base}"
-             "${job_src_base}/${copy_pattern}")
-        list(LENGTH copy_files copy_files_length)
-        if("${copy_files_length}" EQUAL 0)
-          message(FATAL_ERROR "CRT copy job matched 0 files: ${job_src_base}/${copy_pattern} -> ${copy_dest}")
-        endif()
-        foreach(copy_src IN LISTS copy_files)
-          get_filename_component(dest_path "${standalone_crt_base}/${copy_dest}/${copy_src}" ABSOLUTE)
-          tvm_micro_add_copy_file(host_isolated_build_deps ${job_src_base}/${copy_src} ${dest_path})
-        endforeach()
-      endforeach()
-    endforeach()
+    set(CRT_LIBRARY_NAME host_standalone_crt_${CRT_LIBRARY})
+    set(CRT_LIBRARY_SOURCES "")
 
-    add_custom_target(standalone_crt DEPENDS ${host_isolated_build_deps})
+    foreach(FILE_NAME IN LISTS ARGN)
+       list(APPEND CRT_LIBRARY_SOURCES ${FILE_NAME})
+    endforeach()
 
-    get_filename_component(host_build_dir_abspath "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/host_standalone_crt" ABSOLUTE)
+    add_library(${CRT_LIBRARY_NAME}
+                STATIC
+                ${CRT_LIBRARY_SOURCES})
 
-    if(${VERBOSE})
-    set(make_quiet QUIET=)
-    else(${VERBOSE})
-    set(make_quiet )
-    endif(${VERBOSE})
+    # add this library to the list of CRT libraries
+    set(CRT_LIBRARIES ${CRT_LIBRARIES} ${CRT_LIBRARY_NAME} PARENT_SCOPE)
 
-    list(APPEND crt_libraries memory graph_executor microtvm_rpc_server microtvm_rpc_common common)  # NOTE: listed in link order.
-    foreach(crt_lib_name IN LISTS crt_libraries)
-      list(APPEND crt_library_paths "host_standalone_crt/lib${crt_lib_name}.a")
-    endforeach()
+    target_include_directories(${CRT_LIBRARY_NAME}
+                               PUBLIC
+                               ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/runtime/micro/
+                               ${STANDALONE_CRT_BASE}/include)
 
-    set(make_common_args
-        "CRT_CONFIG=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/runtime/micro/crt_config.h"
-        "BUILD_DIR=${host_build_dir_abspath}"
-        "EXTRA_CFLAGS=-fPIC"
-        "EXTRA_CXXFLAGS=-fPIC"
-        "EXTRA_LDFLAGS=-fPIC"
-        "${make_quiet}")
-
-    add_custom_command(
-          OUTPUT ${crt_library_paths}
-          COMMAND make ARGS ${make_common_args} clean
-          COMMAND make ARGS ${make_common_args} all
-          WORKING_DIRECTORY "${standalone_crt_base}"
-          DEPENDS standalone_crt ${host_isolated_build_deps})
-
-    add_custom_target(host_standalone_crt DEPENDS ${crt_library_paths})
-
-    foreach(crt_lib IN LISTS crt_libraries)
-      set(cmake_crt_lib_name host_standalone_crt_${crt_lib})
-      list(APPEND cmake_crt_libraries ${cmake_crt_lib_name})
-      add_library(${cmake_crt_lib_name} STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
-      set(cmake_crt_lib_path "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/host_standalone_crt/lib${crt_lib}.a")
-      add_dependencies(${cmake_crt_lib_name} host_standalone_crt "${cmake_crt_lib_path}")
-      set_target_properties(${cmake_crt_lib_name} PROPERTIES
-          IMPORTED_LOCATION "${cmake_crt_lib_path}"
-          IMPORTED_OBJECTS "${cmake_crt_lib_path}"
-          PUBLIC_HEADER "${crt_headers}")
-    endforeach()
+    set_target_properties(${CRT_LIBRARY_NAME}
+                          PROPERTIES
+                          ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/host_standalone_crt
+                          POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
 
-    # Create the `crttest` target if we can find GTest.  If not, we create dummy
-    # targets that give the user an informative error message.
-    if(GTEST_FOUND)
-      tvm_file_glob(GLOB TEST_SRCS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/crt/*.cc)
-      add_executable(crttest ${TEST_SRCS})
-      target_include_directories(crttest SYSTEM PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/standalone_crt/include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/runtime/micro)
-      target_link_libraries(crttest PRIVATE ${cmake_crt_libraries} GTest::GTest GTest::Main pthread dl)
-      set_target_properties(crttest PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL 1)
-      set_target_properties(crttest PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD 1)
-      gtest_discover_tests(crttest)
-    endif()
+    # make these libraries dependent on standalone_crt which depends on host_isolated_build_deps to avoid
+    # race with the file copy jobs
+    add_dependencies(${CRT_LIBRARY_NAME} standalone_crt)
 
   endfunction()
 
-  tvm_crt_define_targets()
+  message(STATUS "Build standalone CRT for microTVM")
+
+  # Build an isolated build directory, separate from the TVM tree.
+  list(APPEND CRT_FILE_COPY_JOBS
+        "3rdparty/libcrc/include *.h -> include"
+        "3rdparty/libcrc/src crcccitt.c -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common"
+        "3rdparty/libcrc/tab gentab_ccitt.inc -> src/runtime/crt/tab"
+        "3rdparty/dlpack/include *.h -> include"
+        "3rdparty/dmlc-core/include *.h -> include"
+        "include/tvm/runtime c_*_api.h -> include/tvm/runtime"
+        "include/tvm/runtime metadata_types.h -> include/tvm/runtime"
+        "include/tvm/runtime/crt *.h -> include/tvm/runtime/crt"
+        "src/runtime/crt Makefile -> ."
+        "src/runtime/crt/include *.h -> include"
+        "src/runtime/crt/aot_executor *.c -> src/runtime/crt/aot_executor"
+        "src/runtime/crt/aot_executor_module *.c -> src/runtime/crt/aot_executor_module"
+        "src/runtime/crt/common *.c -> src/runtime/crt/common"
+        "src/runtime/crt/graph_executor *.c -> src/runtime/crt/graph_executor"
+        "src/runtime/crt/graph_executor_module *.c -> src/runtime/crt/graph_executor_module"
+        "src/runtime/crt/host *.cc -> template/host"
+        "src/runtime/crt/host *.py -> template/host"
+        "src/runtime/crt/host Makefile.template -> template/host"
+        "src/runtime/crt/memory *.c -> src/runtime/crt/memory"
+        "src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common *.cc -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_common"
+        "src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_server *.cc -> src/runtime/crt/microtvm_rpc_server"
+        "src/runtime/minrpc *.h -> src/runtime/minrpc"
+        "src/support generic_arena.h -> src/support"
+        "src/support ssize.h -> src/support"
+        "src/runtime/crt crt_config-template.h -> template"
+        )
+
+  set(STANDALONE_CRT_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/standalone_crt)
+
+  foreach(job_spec IN LISTS CRT_FILE_COPY_JOBS)
+    string(REPLACE " " ";" job_spec "${job_spec}")
+    list(LENGTH job_spec job_spec_length)
+    math(EXPR job_spec_length_mod "${job_spec_length} % 3")
+    if(NOT "${job_spec_length_mod}" EQUAL 1)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR "CRT copy job spec list length is ${job_spec_length}; parsed job spec is ${job_spec}")
+    endif()
+    math(EXPR job_spec_stop "${job_spec_length} - 3")
+
+    list(GET job_spec 0 job_src_base)
+    set(job_src_base "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${job_src_base}")
+    foreach(copy_pattern_index RANGE 1 "${job_spec_stop}" 3)
+      list(GET job_spec ${copy_pattern_index} copy_pattern)
+      math(EXPR copy_dest_index "${copy_pattern_index} + 2")
+      list(GET job_spec ${copy_dest_index} copy_dest)
+
+      tvm_file_glob(GLOB_RECURSE copy_files
+            RELATIVE "${job_src_base}"
+            "${job_src_base}/${copy_pattern}")
+      list(LENGTH copy_files copy_files_length)
+      if("${copy_files_length}" EQUAL 0)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "CRT copy job matched 0 files: ${job_src_base}/${copy_pattern} -> ${copy_dest}")
+      endif()
+      foreach(copy_src IN LISTS copy_files)
+        get_filename_component(dest_path "${STANDALONE_CRT_BASE}/${copy_dest}/${copy_src}" ABSOLUTE)
+        tvm_micro_add_copy_file(host_isolated_build_deps ${job_src_base}/${copy_src} ${dest_path})
+      endforeach()
+    endforeach()
+  endforeach()
+
+  add_custom_target(standalone_crt DEPENDS ${host_isolated_build_deps})
+
+  set(CRT_LIBRARIES "")
+  set(RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR ${STANDALONE_CRT_BASE}/src/runtime/crt)
+
+  # these create_crt_library() targets are in link order and the common library needs to be last
+  create_crt_library(aot_executor
+                    ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/aot_executor/aot_executor.c)
+
+  create_crt_library(aot_executor_module
+                    ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/aot_executor_module/aot_executor_module.c)
+
+  create_crt_library(graph_executor
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/graph_executor/graph_executor.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/graph_executor/load_json.c)
+
+  create_crt_library(graph_executor_module
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/graph_executor_module/graph_executor_module.c)
+
+  create_crt_library(memory
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/memory/page_allocator.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/memory/stack_allocator.c)
+
+  create_crt_library(microtvm_rpc_common
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_common/crcccitt.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_common/frame_buffer.cc
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_common/framing.cc
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_common/session.cc
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_common/write_stream.cc)
+
+  create_crt_library(microtvm_rpc_server
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/microtvm_rpc_server/rpc_server.cc)
+
+  create_crt_library(common
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/common/crt_backend_api.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/common/crt_runtime_api.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/common/func_registry.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/common/ndarray.c
+                     ${RUNTIME_CRT_SOURCE_DIR}/common/packed_func.c)
+
+  add_custom_target(host_standalone_crt DEPENDS ${CRT_LIBRARIES} standalone_crt)
+
+  # Create the `crttest` target if we can find GTest.  If not, we create dummy
+  # targets that give the user an informative error message.
+  if(GTEST_FOUND)
+    tvm_file_glob(GLOB TEST_SRCS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/crt/*.cc)
+    add_executable(crttest ${TEST_SRCS})
+    target_include_directories(crttest SYSTEM PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/standalone_crt/include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/runtime/micro)
+    target_link_libraries(crttest PRIVATE ${CRT_LIBRARIES} GTest::GTest GTest::Main pthread dl)
+    set_target_properties(crttest PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL 1)
+    set_target_properties(crttest PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD 1)
+    gtest_discover_tests(crttest)
+  endif()
 
   set(TVM_CRT_LINKER_LIB host_standalone_crt_microtvm_rpc_common)
   if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU")
diff --git a/include/tvm/runtime/crt/crt.h b/include/tvm/runtime/crt/crt.h
old mode 100755
new mode 100644