diff --git a/src/assets/js/components/projects.js b/src/assets/js/components/projects.js
index 95be364..f906f8f 100644
--- a/src/assets/js/components/projects.js
+++ b/src/assets/js/components/projects.js
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
  * Projects section with modern design
  */
 
+// Module-level observer to prevent memory leaks
+let projectObserver = null;
+
 export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
     const projectsContainer = document.getElementById('projects-container');
     if (!projectsContainer) return;
@@ -29,9 +32,9 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
                             ${
                                 project.image
                                     ? `
-                                <img 
-                                    src="${project.image}" 
-                                    alt="${project.title}" 
+                                <img
+                                    src="${project.image}"
+                                    alt="${project.title}"
                                     class="card-img"
                                     loading="lazy"
                                 >
@@ -65,10 +68,10 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
                                         ${
                                             project.link
                                                 ? `
-                                        <a 
-                                            href="${project.link}" 
-                                            class="btn btn-primary" 
-                                            target="_blank" 
+                                        <a
+                                            href="${project.link}"
+                                            class="btn btn-primary"
+                                            target="_blank"
                                             rel="noopener noreferrer"
                                             aria-label="View ${project.title}"
                                         >
@@ -81,8 +84,8 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
                                         ${
                                             project.github
                                                 ? `
-                                            <a 
-                                                href="${project.github}" 
+                                            <a
+                                                href="${project.github}"
                                                 class="btn btn-outline btn-sm border-gray-300 text-gray-700 bg-white hover:bg-gray-50 dark:border-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 dark:bg-gray-800 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                                                 target="_blank"
                                                 rel="noopener noreferrer"
@@ -109,14 +112,22 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
 
     // Add intersection observer for scroll animations
     const animateOnScroll = () => {
+        // Cleanup previous observer to prevent memory leaks
+        if (projectObserver) {
+            projectObserver.disconnect();
+            projectObserver = null;
+        }
+
         const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.fade-in-up');
 
-        const observer = new IntersectionObserver(
+        projectObserver = new IntersectionObserver(
             (entries) => {
                 entries.forEach((entry) => {
                     if (entry.isIntersecting) {
                         entry.target.style.opacity = '1';
                         entry.target.style.transform = 'translateY(0)';
+                        // Unobserve after animation to free memory
+                        projectObserver.unobserve(entry.target);
                     }
                 });
             },
@@ -127,7 +138,7 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
             el.style.opacity = '0';
             el.style.transform = 'translateY(20px)';
             el.style.transition = 'opacity 0.6s ease-out, transform 0.6s ease-out';
-            observer.observe(el);
+            projectObserver.observe(el);
         });
     };
 
@@ -138,3 +149,14 @@ export const populateProjects = (projects) => {
         animateOnScroll();
     }
 };
+
+/**
+ * Cleanup function for SPA scenarios or component unmounting
+ * Call this to properly clean up the IntersectionObserver
+ */
+export const cleanupProjects = () => {
+    if (projectObserver) {
+        projectObserver.disconnect();
+        projectObserver = null;
+    }
+};
diff --git a/src/assets/js/utils/mobileMenu.js b/src/assets/js/utils/mobileMenu.js
index f4066f0..04e2265 100644
--- a/src/assets/js/utils/mobileMenu.js
+++ b/src/assets/js/utils/mobileMenu.js
@@ -2,35 +2,66 @@
  * Mobile menu functionality
  */
 
+// Store cleanup function to prevent memory leaks
+let cleanupMobileMenu = null;
+
 export const initMobileMenu = () => {
     const mobileMenuButton = document.getElementById('mobile-menu-button');
     const mobileMenu = document.getElementById('mobile-menu');
 
-    if (mobileMenuButton && mobileMenu) {
-        mobileMenuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
-            mobileMenu.classList.toggle('hidden');
-        });
+    if (!mobileMenuButton || !mobileMenu) return;
 
-        // Close mobile menu when clicking outside
-        document.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
-            const isClickInsideMenu = mobileMenu.contains(event.target);
-            const isClickOnButton = mobileMenuButton.contains(event.target);
-
-            if (
-                !isClickInsideMenu &&
-                !isClickOnButton &&
-                !mobileMenu.classList.contains('hidden')
-            ) {
-                mobileMenu.classList.add('hidden');
-            }
-        });
+    // Cleanup previous listeners if reinitializing
+    if (cleanupMobileMenu) {
+        cleanupMobileMenu();
+    }
+
+    // Define event handlers so they can be removed later
+    const handleMenuToggle = () => {
+        mobileMenu.classList.toggle('hidden');
+    };
+
+    const handleOutsideClick = (event) => {
+        const isClickInsideMenu = mobileMenu.contains(event.target);
+        const isClickOnButton = mobileMenuButton.contains(event.target);
+
+        if (!isClickInsideMenu && !isClickOnButton && !mobileMenu.classList.contains('hidden')) {
+            mobileMenu.classList.add('hidden');
+        }
+    };
 
-        // Close mobile menu when a navigation link is clicked
-        const mobileNavLinks = mobileMenu.querySelectorAll('a');
+    // Close mobile menu when a navigation link is clicked
+    const mobileNavLinks = mobileMenu.querySelectorAll('a');
+    const handleLinkClick = () => {
+        mobileMenu.classList.add('hidden');
+    };
+
+    // Attach event listeners
+    mobileMenuButton.addEventListener('click', handleMenuToggle);
+    document.addEventListener('click', handleOutsideClick);
+    mobileNavLinks.forEach((link) => {
+        link.addEventListener('click', handleLinkClick);
+    });
+
+    // Store cleanup function to remove all event listeners
+    cleanupMobileMenu = () => {
+        mobileMenuButton.removeEventListener('click', handleMenuToggle);
+        document.removeEventListener('click', handleOutsideClick);
         mobileNavLinks.forEach((link) => {
-            link.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                mobileMenu.classList.add('hidden');
-            });
+            link.removeEventListener('click', handleLinkClick);
         });
+        cleanupMobileMenu = null;
+    };
+
+    return cleanupMobileMenu;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Cleanup function to remove mobile menu event listeners
+ * Call this when the mobile menu is no longer needed (e.g., SPA navigation)
+ */
+export const cleanup = () => {
+    if (cleanupMobileMenu) {
+        cleanupMobileMenu();
     }
 };