diff --git a/Data-Structure-Arrays.md b/Data-Structure-Arrays.md index a3279570c4..70c10044b2 100644 --- a/Data-Structure-Arrays.md +++ b/Data-Structure-Arrays.md @@ -4,6 +4,50 @@ Internally, `array` is a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size sequ `array` consists of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest address to the last element. + +## Arrays in C++ + +C++ provides a data structure, `array`, which stores a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same data-type. An `array` is used to store a collection of data, but it is better to think of an `array` as a collection of variables of the same type. + +#### Declaration of `array` + +```c++ +int intarray[10]; // Declares an array of integer type of size 10 with elements having random values. Index ranges from 0 to 9(i.e. size-1). +int intarray[10] = { 0 }; // Declares an array of integer of size 10 with all elements having value 0 + +// Choose one the two declarations and then move ahead. +``` + +#### Inserting elements to `array`: + +```c++ +intarray[0] = 1; // Inserts an integer value of 1 at index 0 +intarray[1] = 0; // Inserts an integer value of 0 at index 1 +intarray[2] = -1; // Inserts an integer value of -1 at index 2 +intarray[3] = 1; // Inserts an integer value of 1 at index 3 +``` + +#### Printing an `array`: + +```c++ +std::cout << intarray[0] << std::endl; // Returns 1 which is element at index of the array +std::cout << intarray[11] << std::endl; // Would give a a "Garbage" value as there is no element at index 11 of array. +// That memory location is beyond the range of the array. + +// To print all the elements of the array +for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) + std::cout << intarray[i] << std::endl; +``` + +#### Basic operations on `array`: + +```c++ +std::cout << sizeof(intarray)/sizeof(intarray[0]) << std::endl; // Returns the length of the array i.e. 10. +std::cout << sizeof(intarray[0]) << std::endl; // Returns length in bytes of one array item i.e. 4 as it is an integer +``` + +:rocket: [Run Code](https://repl.it/CWZE/3) + ## Arrays in Python Python doesn't have a native `array` data structure. An `array` in Python should not be confused with `list`. The major difference between a `list` @@ -16,34 +60,34 @@ from array import array intarray = array('i') # Declares an array of integer type ``` -#### Adding elements to `array`: +#### Inserting elements to `array`: ```python -intarray.append(1) # Adds an integer value of 1 to the array -intarray.append(0) # Adds an integer value of 0 to the array -intarray.append(-1) # Adds an integer value of -1 to the array -intarray.append(1) # Again adds an integer value of 1 to the array +intarray.append(1) # Inserts an integer value of 1 to the array +intarray.append(0) # Inserts an integer value of 0 to the array +intarray.append(-1) # Inserts an integer value of -1 to the array +intarray.append(1) # Inserts an integer value of 1 to the array -intarray.append('d') # Would give a TypeError as the array is of integer type. +intarray.append('d') # Would give a TypeError as the array is of integer type. #Resolve the above error and then move ahead. ``` -#### Printing an `array`: +#### Printing an `array`: ```python print(intarray) # Returns array('i', [1, 4, -1]) print(intarray[0]) # Returns 1 which is the element at index 0 of the array -print(intarray[3]) # Would give IndexError as there is no element at index 3 of array. +print(intarray[3]) # Would give IndexError as there is no element at index 3 of array. #Resolve the above error and then move ahead. - + # To print all the elements of the array for i in intarray: print(i) ``` -#### Basic operations on `array`: +#### Basic operations on `array`: ```python len(intarray) # Returns the length of the array i.e. 3 @@ -52,7 +96,7 @@ intarray.count(1) # Returns the number of occurrences of 1 in the array i.e. 2 intarray.insert(1, 3) # Insert a new item with value x in the array before position i intarray.remove(1) # Remove the first occurrence of 1 from the array intarray.reverse() # Reverse the order of the items in the array -intarray.pop(1) # Removes the item with the index 1 from the array and returns it +intarray.pop(1) # Removes the item with the index 1 from the array and returns it ``` :rocket: [Run Code](https://repl.it/CWJB)