diff --git a/src/transformers/testing_utils.py b/src/transformers/testing_utils.py
index 863242a695c6..920dc884f3e7 100644
--- a/src/transformers/testing_utils.py
+++ b/src/transformers/testing_utils.py
@@ -3529,9 +3529,8 @@ def _prepare_debugging_info(test_info, info):
     """Combine the information about the test and the call information to a patched function/method within it."""
 
     info = f"{test_info}\n\n{info}"
-    p = os.path.join(os.environ.get("_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR", ""), "captured_info.txt")
-    # TODO (ydshieh): This is not safe when we use pytest-xdist with more than 1 worker.
-    with open(p, "a") as fp:
+    output_path = _get_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
+    with output_path.open("a") as fp:
         fp.write(f"{info}\n\n{'=' * 120}\n\n")
 
     return info
@@ -3754,6 +3753,27 @@ def _parse_call_info(func, args, kwargs, call_argument_expressions, target_args)
     return info
 
 
+def _get_patched_testing_methods_output_file() -> Path:
+    """Return the output file used by patched assertion methods.
+
+    Under `pytest-xdist`, workers run in separate processes but can share the same output directory. Using a worker-
+    specific file avoids concurrent writes and resets clobbering each other's captured debugging information.
+    """
+
+    output_dir = Path(os.environ.get("_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR", ""))
+    worker_id = os.environ.get("PYTEST_XDIST_WORKER")
+    filename = f"captured_info_{worker_id}.txt" if worker_id else "captured_info.txt"
+    return output_dir / filename
+
+
+def _reset_patched_testing_methods_output_file() -> Path:
+    """Clear the output file used by patched assertion methods and return its path."""
+
+    output_path = _get_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
+    output_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    return output_path
+
+
 def patch_testing_methods_to_collect_info():
     """
     Patch some methods (`torch.testing.assert_close`, `unittest.case.TestCase.assertEqual`, etc).
@@ -3761,8 +3781,7 @@ def patch_testing_methods_to_collect_info():
     This will allow us to collect the call information, e.g. the argument names and values, also the literal expressions
     passed as the arguments.
     """
-    p = os.path.join(os.environ.get("_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR", ""), "captured_info.txt")
-    Path(p).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    _reset_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
 
     if is_torch_available():
         import torch
diff --git a/tests/utils/test_testing_utils.py b/tests/utils/test_testing_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..80b06f37159e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/utils/test_testing_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import os
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest import mock
+
+from transformers import testing_utils
+
+
+class PatchedTestingMethodsOutputFileTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_get_output_file_without_xdist_worker(self):
+        with (
+            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir,
+            mock.patch.dict(os.environ, {"_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR": tmpdir}, clear=True),
+        ):
+            output_path = testing_utils._get_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
+
+        self.assertEqual(output_path, Path(tmpdir) / "captured_info.txt")
+
+    def test_get_output_file_with_xdist_worker(self):
+        with (
+            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir,
+            mock.patch.dict(
+                os.environ,
+                {
+                    "_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR": tmpdir,
+                    "PYTEST_XDIST_WORKER": "gw2",
+                },
+                clear=True,
+            ),
+        ):
+            output_path = testing_utils._get_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
+
+        self.assertEqual(output_path, Path(tmpdir) / "captured_info_gw2.txt")
+
+    def test_prepare_debugging_info_writes_worker_specific_file(self):
+        with (
+            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir,
+            mock.patch.dict(
+                os.environ,
+                {
+                    "_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR": tmpdir,
+                    "PYTEST_XDIST_WORKER": "gw1",
+                },
+                clear=True,
+            ),
+        ):
+            output_path = Path(tmpdir) / "captured_info_gw1.txt"
+            rendered_info = testing_utils._prepare_debugging_info("test-info", "payload")
+            self.assertEqual(rendered_info, "test-info\n\npayload")
+            self.assertTrue(output_path.exists())
+            self.assertIn("test-info\n\npayload", output_path.read_text())
+
+    def test_reset_only_clears_current_worker_file(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+            current_worker_path = Path(tmpdir) / "captured_info_gw0.txt"
+            other_worker_path = Path(tmpdir) / "captured_info_gw1.txt"
+            current_worker_path.write_text("current worker")
+            other_worker_path.write_text("other worker")
+
+            with mock.patch.dict(
+                os.environ,
+                {
+                    "_PATCHED_TESTING_METHODS_OUTPUT_DIR": tmpdir,
+                    "PYTEST_XDIST_WORKER": "gw0",
+                },
+                clear=True,
+            ):
+                output_path = testing_utils._reset_patched_testing_methods_output_file()
+                self.assertEqual(output_path, current_worker_path)
+                self.assertFalse(current_worker_path.exists())
+                self.assertTrue(other_worker_path.exists())