test: fix flaky test-process-fatal-execption-tick

Use common.busyLoop() which happens to make the test robust.

PR-URL: #18461
Reviewed-By: Anatoli Papirovski <apapirovski@mac.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Joyee Cheung <joyeec9h3@gmail.com>

Author: Trott

test/parallel/test-process-fatal-exception-tick.js

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ setImmediate(() => {
   stage++;
   process.nextTick(() => assert.strictEqual(stage, 2));
 });
-const now = Date.now();
 setTimeout(() => setImmediate(() => stage++), 1);
-while (now + 10 >= Date.now());
+common.busyLoop(10);
 throw new Error('caughtException');