diff --git a/doc/api/cli.md b/doc/api/cli.md
index 79fe3094ba2301..aeb901973c2af6 100644
--- a/doc/api/cli.md
+++ b/doc/api/cli.md
@@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ in the `$schema` must be replaced with the version of Node.js you are using.
     "watch-path": "src",
     "watch-preserve-output": true
   },
-  "testRunner": {
+  "test": {
     "test-isolation": "process"
   },
   "watch": {
@@ -1029,7 +1029,40 @@ The configuration file supports namespace-specific options:
 
 * The `nodeOptions` field contains CLI flags that are allowed in [`NODE_OPTIONS`][].
 
-* Namespace fields like `testRunner` contain configuration specific to that subsystem.
+* Namespace fields like `test`, `watch`, and `permission` contain configuration specific to that subsystem.
+
+When a namespace is present in the
+configuration file, Node.js automatically enables the corresponding flag
+(e.g., `--test`, `--watch`, `--permission`). This allows you to configure
+subsystem-specific options without explicitly passing the flag on the command line.
+
+For example:
+
+```json
+{
+  "test": {
+    "test-isolation": "process"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+is equivalent to:
+
+```bash
+node --test --test-isolation=process
+```
+
+To disable the automatic flag while still using namespace options, you can
+explicitly set the flag to `false` within the namespace:
+
+```json
+{
+  "test": {
+    "test": false,
+    "test-isolation": "process"
+  }
+}
+```
 
 No-op flags are not supported.
 Not all V8 flags are currently supported.
diff --git a/doc/api/permissions.md b/doc/api/permissions.md
index dedb314f43e7eb..d36590ec3ae9cd 100644
--- a/doc/api/permissions.md
+++ b/doc/api/permissions.md
@@ -175,10 +175,11 @@ Example `node.config.json`:
 }
 ```
 
-Run with the configuration file:
+When the `permission` namespace is present in the configuration file, Node.js
+automatically enables the `--permission` flag. Run with:
 
 ```console
-$ node --permission --experimental-default-config-file app.js
+$ node --experimental-default-config-file app.js
 ```
 
 #### Using the Permission Model with `npx`
diff --git a/doc/node-config-schema.json b/doc/node-config-schema.json
index 916bc1c4f62002..22f52952af54d4 100644
--- a/doc/node-config-schema.json
+++ b/doc/node-config-schema.json
@@ -186,6 +186,9 @@
         "experimental-websocket": {
           "type": "boolean"
         },
+        "experimental-webstorage": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
         "extra-info-on-fatal-exception": {
           "type": "boolean"
         },
@@ -594,9 +597,6 @@
         "watch-preserve-output": {
           "type": "boolean"
         },
-        "webstorage": {
-          "type": "boolean"
-        },
         "zero-fill-buffers": {
           "type": "boolean"
         }
@@ -652,10 +652,13 @@
         },
         "allow-worker": {
           "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "permission": {
+          "type": "boolean"
         }
       }
     },
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
       "type": "object",
       "additionalProperties": false,
       "properties": {
@@ -665,6 +668,9 @@
         "experimental-test-module-mocks": {
           "type": "boolean"
         },
+        "test": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
         "test-concurrency": {
           "type": "number"
         },
diff --git a/src/node_config_file.cc b/src/node_config_file.cc
index e6c049b4d14f10..39ea8f3a0634fd 100644
--- a/src/node_config_file.cc
+++ b/src/node_config_file.cc
@@ -255,6 +255,9 @@ ParseResult ConfigReader::ParseConfig(const std::string_view& config_path) {
                                                    available_namespaces.end());
   // Create a set to track unique options
   std::unordered_set<std::string> unique_options;
+  // Namespaces in OPTION_NAMESPACE_LIST
+  std::unordered_set<std::string> namespaces_with_implicit_flags;
+
   // Iterate through the main object to find all namespaces
   for (auto field : main_object) {
     std::string_view field_name;
@@ -262,13 +265,34 @@ ParseResult ConfigReader::ParseConfig(const std::string_view& config_path) {
       return ParseResult::InvalidContent;
     }
 
-    // Check if this field is a valid namespace
     std::string namespace_name(field_name);
+
+    // TODO(@marco-ippolito): Remove warning for testRunner namespace
+    if (namespace_name == "testRunner") {
+      FPrintF(stderr,
+              "the \"testRunner\" namespace has been removed. "
+              "Use \"test\" instead.\n");
+      // Better to throw an error than to ignore it
+      // Otherwise users might think their test suite is green
+      // when it's not running
+      return ParseResult::InvalidContent;
+    }
+
+    // Check if this field is a valid namespace
     if (!valid_namespaces.contains(namespace_name)) {
       // If not, skip it
       continue;
     }
 
+    // List of implicit namespace flags
+    for (auto ns_enum : options_parser::AllNamespaces()) {
+      std::string ns_str = options_parser::NamespaceEnumToString(ns_enum);
+      if (!ns_str.empty() && namespace_name == ns_str) {
+        namespaces_with_implicit_flags.insert(namespace_name);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
     // Get the namespace object
     simdjson::ondemand::object namespace_object;
     auto field_error = field.value().get_object().get(namespace_object);
@@ -290,6 +314,17 @@ ParseResult ConfigReader::ParseConfig(const std::string_view& config_path) {
     }
   }
 
+  // Add implicit flags for namespaces (--test, --permission, --watch)
+  // These flags are automatically enabled when their namespace is present
+  for (const auto& ns : namespaces_with_implicit_flags) {
+    std::string flag = "--" + ns;
+    std::string no_flag = "--no-" + ns;
+    // We skip if the user has already set the flag or its negation
+    if (!unique_options.contains(flag) && !unique_options.contains(no_flag)) {
+      namespace_options_.push_back(flag);
+    }
+  }
+
   return ParseResult::Valid;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/node_options.cc b/src/node_options.cc
index 959a5df163b609..baa3936075cd05 100644
--- a/src/node_options.cc
+++ b/src/node_options.cc
@@ -599,7 +599,8 @@ EnvironmentOptionsParser::EnvironmentOptionsParser() {
             "enable the permission system",
             &EnvironmentOptions::permission,
             kAllowedInEnvvar,
-            false);
+            false,
+            OptionNamespaces::kPermissionNamespace);
   AddOption("--allow-fs-read",
             "allow permissions to read the filesystem",
             &EnvironmentOptions::allow_fs_read,
@@ -839,7 +840,9 @@ EnvironmentOptionsParser::EnvironmentOptionsParser() {
   AddOption("--test",
             "launch test runner on startup",
             &EnvironmentOptions::test_runner,
-            kDisallowedInEnvvar);
+            kDisallowedInEnvvar,
+            false,
+            OptionNamespaces::kTestRunnerNamespace);
   AddOption("--test-concurrency",
             "specify test runner concurrency",
             &EnvironmentOptions::test_runner_concurrency,
diff --git a/src/node_options.h b/src/node_options.h
index 9afdeb983d6b26..dd782b460aef79 100644
--- a/src/node_options.h
+++ b/src/node_options.h
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> MapAvailableNamespaces();
 // Define all namespace entries
 #define OPTION_NAMESPACE_LIST(V)                                               \
   V(kNoNamespace, "")                                                          \
-  V(kTestRunnerNamespace, "testRunner")                                        \
+  V(kTestRunnerNamespace, "test")                                              \
   V(kWatchNamespace, "watch")                                                  \
   V(kPermissionNamespace, "permission")
 
diff --git a/test/fixtures/options-as-flags/test-config.json b/test/fixtures/options-as-flags/test-config.json
index c80ffa4069fbf5..c956eb6d274785 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/options-as-flags/test-config.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/options-as-flags/test-config.json
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
     "experimental-transform-types": true,
     "max-http-header-size": 8192
   },
-  "testRunner": {
+  "test": {
+    "test": false,
     "test-isolation": "none"
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/deprecated-testrunner-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/deprecated-testrunner-namespace.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..d8a01949418cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/deprecated-testrunner-namespace.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "testRunner": {
+    "test-isolation": "none"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/duplicate-namespace-option/node.config.json b/test/fixtures/rc/duplicate-namespace-option/node.config.json
index 4d948fbd33961d..948dc4e6c5570b 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/duplicate-namespace-option/node.config.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/duplicate-namespace-option/node.config.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "test-name-pattern": "first-pattern",
         "test-name-pattern": "second-pattern"
     }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/empty-valid-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/empty-valid-namespace.json
index dbeb33d7aa8b59..9f6cb4b89f91be 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/empty-valid-namespace.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/empty-valid-namespace.json
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {}
+    "permission": {}
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-array.json b/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-array.json
index 056a4291e9b666..1cddcdfd6c4ccd 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-array.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-array.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "test-coverage-exclude": ["config-pattern1", "config-pattern2"]
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json b/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json
index 6152684e0583f4..f545f0ff62781f 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
        "test-concurrency": 1,
        "experimental-test-coverage": true
     }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/namespaced/node.config.json b/test/fixtures/rc/namespaced/node.config.json
index df929d25c10b52..0870c4c86033b2 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/namespaced/node.config.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/namespaced/node.config.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "test-isolation": "none"
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/override-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/override-namespace.json
index acb37b2eec485c..be79cf5d4415b5 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/override-namespace.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/override-namespace.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "test-isolation": "process"
     },
     "nodeOptions": {
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/override-node-option-with-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/override-node-option-with-namespace.json
index 2db9e1a47f07ea..e5912da99590b4 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/override-node-option-with-namespace.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/override-node-option-with-namespace.json
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
     "nodeOptions": {
         "test-isolation": "none"
     },
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "test-isolation": "process"
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/permission-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/permission-namespace.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..72167d77dd18ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/permission-namespace.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "permission": {
+    "allow-fs-read": "*"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/test-namespace-explicit-false.json b/test/fixtures/rc/test-namespace-explicit-false.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..42e68aa6a43f59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/test-namespace-explicit-false.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "test": {
+    "test": false,
+    "test-isolation": "none"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/unknown-flag-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/unknown-flag-namespace.json
index b5d87ad8dd3acd..01dd62824cf2b9 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/rc/unknown-flag-namespace.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/unknown-flag-namespace.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "unknown-flag": true
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/rc/watch-namespace.json b/test/fixtures/rc/watch-namespace.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..11aad97fffd315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/rc/watch-namespace.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "watch": {
+    "watch-preserve-output": true
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/test-runner/options-propagation/node.config.json b/test/fixtures/test-runner/options-propagation/node.config.json
index 98a35b7d3eebd2..7bb3d5c80fe0e5 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/test-runner/options-propagation/node.config.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/test-runner/options-propagation/node.config.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "testRunner": {
+    "test": {
         "experimental-test-coverage": true
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-config-file.js b/test/parallel/test-config-file.js
index 4f4e6703f88702..438a138f6ba227 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-config-file.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-config-file.js
@@ -407,6 +407,7 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       '--expose-internals',
       '--experimental-config-file',
       fixtures.path('rc/namespaced/node.config.json'),
+      '--no-test',
       '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test-isolation")',
     ]);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
@@ -421,7 +422,7 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       fixtures.path('rc/unknown-flag-namespace.json'),
       '-p', '"Hello, World!"',
     ]);
-    assert.match(result.stderr, /Unknown or not allowed option unknown-flag for namespace testRunner/);
+    assert.match(result.stderr, /Unknown or not allowed option unknown-flag for namespace test/);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stdout, '');
     assert.strictEqual(result.code, 9);
   });
@@ -483,6 +484,7 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       '--test-isolation', 'process',
       '--experimental-config-file',
       fixtures.path('rc/namespaced/node.config.json'),
+      '--no-test',
       '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test-isolation")',
     ]);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
@@ -498,6 +500,7 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       '--test-coverage-exclude', 'cli-pattern2',
       '--experimental-config-file',
       fixtures.path('rc/namespace-with-array.json'),
+      '--no-test',
       '-p', 'JSON.stringify(require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test-coverage-exclude"))',
     ]);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
@@ -520,6 +523,7 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       '--expose-internals',
       '--experimental-config-file',
       fixtures.path('rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json'),
+      '--no-test',
       '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test-concurrency")',
     ]);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
@@ -536,10 +540,60 @@ describe('namespace-scoped options', () => {
       '--test-concurrency', '2',
       '--experimental-config-file',
       fixtures.path('rc/namespace-with-disallowed-envvar.json'),
+      '--no-test',
       '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test-concurrency")',
     ]);
     assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
     assert.strictEqual(result.stdout, '2\n');
     assert.strictEqual(result.code, 0);
   });
+
+  it('should throw an error for removed "testRunner" namespace', async () => {
+    const result = await spawnPromisified(process.execPath, [
+      '--no-warnings',
+      '--experimental-config-file',
+      fixtures.path('rc/deprecated-testrunner-namespace.json'),
+      '-p', '"Hello, World!"',
+    ]);
+    assert.match(result.stderr, /the "testRunner" namespace has been removed\. Use "test" instead\./);
+    assert.strictEqual(result.stdout, '');
+    assert.strictEqual(result.code, 9);
+  });
+
+  it('should automatically enable --test flag when test namespace is present', async () => {
+    const result = await spawnPromisified(process.execPath, [
+      '--no-warnings',
+      '--experimental-config-file',
+      fixtures.path('rc/namespaced/node.config.json'),
+      fixtures.path('rc/test.js'),
+    ]);
+    assert.strictEqual(result.code, 0);
+    assert.match(result.stdout, /tests 1/);
+  });
+
+  it('should automatically enable --permission flag when permission namespace is present', async () => {
+    const result = await spawnPromisified(process.execPath, [
+      '--no-warnings',
+      '--expose-internals',
+      '--experimental-config-file',
+      fixtures.path('rc/permission-namespace.json'),
+      '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--permission")',
+    ]);
+    assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
+    assert.strictEqual(result.stdout, 'true\n');
+    assert.strictEqual(result.code, 0);
+  });
+
+  it('should respect explicit test: false in test namespace', async () => {
+    const result = await spawnPromisified(process.execPath, [
+      '--no-warnings',
+      '--expose-internals',
+      '--experimental-config-file',
+      fixtures.path('rc/test-namespace-explicit-false.json'),
+      '-p', 'require("internal/options").getOptionValue("--test")',
+    ]);
+    assert.strictEqual(result.stderr, '');
+    assert.strictEqual(result.stdout, 'false\n');
+    assert.strictEqual(result.code, 0);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-runner-flag-propagation.js b/test/parallel/test-runner-flag-propagation.js
index d5190251ef8db7..3248b91bcef24d 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-runner-flag-propagation.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-runner-flag-propagation.js
@@ -68,19 +68,19 @@ describe('test runner flag propagation', () => {
 
   describe('via config file', () => {
     const configFilePropagationTests = [
-      ['--test-concurrency', 2, 2, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-timeout', 5000, 5000, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-branches', 100, 100, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-functions', 100, 100, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-lines', 100, 100, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--experimental-test-coverage', true, false, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-exclude', 'test/**', 'test/**', 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-include', 'src/**', 'src/**', 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-update-snapshots', true, true, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-concurrency', 3, 3, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-timeout', 2500, 2500, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-branches', 90, 90, 'testRunner'],
-      ['--test-coverage-functions', 85, 85, 'testRunner'],
+      ['--test-concurrency', 2, 2, 'test'],
+      ['--test-timeout', 5000, 5000, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-branches', 100, 100, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-functions', 100, 100, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-lines', 100, 100, 'test'],
+      ['--experimental-test-coverage', true, false, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-exclude', 'test/**', 'test/**', 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-include', 'src/**', 'src/**', 'test'],
+      ['--test-update-snapshots', true, true, 'test'],
+      ['--test-concurrency', 3, 3, 'test'],
+      ['--test-timeout', 2500, 2500, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-branches', 90, 90, 'test'],
+      ['--test-coverage-functions', 85, 85, 'test'],
     ];
 
     for (const [flagName, configValue, expectedValue, namespace] of configFilePropagationTests) {