diff --git a/bittensor_cli/cli.py b/bittensor_cli/cli.py
index dbf13be3b..0753c1471 100755
--- a/bittensor_cli/cli.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/cli.py
@@ -279,6 +279,9 @@ class Options:
         "--dashboard.path",
         help="Path to save the dashboard HTML file. For example: `~/.bittensor/dashboard`.",
     )
+    era: int = typer.Option(
+        3, help="Length (in blocks) for which the transaction should be valid."
+    )
 
 
 def list_prompt(init_var: list, list_type: type, help_text: str) -> list:
@@ -1749,6 +1752,7 @@ def wallet_transfer(
         transfer_all: bool = typer.Option(
             False, "--all", prompt=False, help="Transfer all available balance."
         ),
+        era: int = Options.era,
         wallet_name: str = Options.wallet_name,
         wallet_path: str = Options.wallet_path,
         wallet_hotkey: str = Options.wallet_hotkey,
@@ -1797,12 +1801,13 @@ def wallet_transfer(
             amount = FloatPrompt.ask("Enter amount (in TAO) to transfer.")
         return self._run_command(
             wallets.transfer(
-                wallet,
-                subtensor,
-                destination_ss58_address,
-                amount,
-                transfer_all,
-                prompt,
+                wallet=wallet,
+                subtensor=subtensor,
+                destination=destination_ss58_address,
+                amount=amount,
+                transfer_all=transfer_all,
+                era=era,
+                prompt=prompt,
             )
         )
 
@@ -3112,6 +3117,7 @@ def stake_add(
         rate_tolerance: Optional[float] = Options.rate_tolerance,
         safe_staking: Optional[bool] = Options.safe_staking,
         allow_partial_stake: Optional[bool] = Options.allow_partial_stake,
+        era: int = Options.era,
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         quiet: bool = Options.quiet,
         verbose: bool = Options.verbose,
@@ -3305,6 +3311,7 @@ def stake_add(
                 safe_staking,
                 rate_tolerance,
                 allow_partial_stake,
+                era,
             )
         )
 
@@ -3356,6 +3363,7 @@ def stake_remove(
         rate_tolerance: Optional[float] = Options.rate_tolerance,
         safe_staking: Optional[bool] = Options.safe_staking,
         allow_partial_stake: Optional[bool] = Options.allow_partial_stake,
+        era: int = Options.era,
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         interactive: bool = typer.Option(
             False,
@@ -3545,6 +3553,7 @@ def stake_remove(
                     include_hotkeys=include_hotkeys,
                     exclude_hotkeys=exclude_hotkeys,
                     prompt=prompt,
+                    era=era,
                 )
             )
         elif (
@@ -3599,6 +3608,7 @@ def stake_remove(
                 safe_staking=safe_staking,
                 rate_tolerance=rate_tolerance,
                 allow_partial_stake=allow_partial_stake,
+                era=era,
             )
         )
 
@@ -3626,6 +3636,7 @@ def stake_move(
         stake_all: bool = typer.Option(
             False, "--stake-all", "--all", help="Stake all", prompt=False
         ),
+        era: int = Options.era,
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         quiet: bool = Options.quiet,
         verbose: bool = Options.verbose,
@@ -3753,6 +3764,7 @@ def stake_move(
                 destination_hotkey=destination_hotkey,
                 amount=amount,
                 stake_all=stake_all,
+                era=era,
                 interactive_selection=interactive_selection,
                 prompt=prompt,
             )
@@ -3790,6 +3802,7 @@ def stake_transfer(
         stake_all: bool = typer.Option(
             False, "--stake-all", "--all", help="Stake all", prompt=False
         ),
+        era: int = Options.era,
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         quiet: bool = Options.quiet,
         verbose: bool = Options.verbose,
@@ -3910,6 +3923,7 @@ def stake_transfer(
                 dest_netuid=dest_netuid,
                 dest_coldkey_ss58=dest_ss58,
                 amount=amount,
+                era=era,
                 interactive_selection=interactive_selection,
                 stake_all=stake_all,
                 prompt=prompt,
@@ -3948,6 +3962,7 @@ def stake_swap(
             "--all",
             help="Swap all available stake",
         ),
+        era: int = Options.era,
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         wait_for_inclusion: bool = Options.wait_for_inclusion,
         wait_for_finalization: bool = Options.wait_for_finalization,
@@ -4010,6 +4025,7 @@ def stake_swap(
                 destination_netuid=dest_netuid,
                 amount=amount,
                 swap_all=swap_all,
+                era=era,
                 interactive_selection=interactive_selection,
                 prompt=prompt,
                 wait_for_inclusion=wait_for_inclusion,
@@ -5041,6 +5057,13 @@ def subnets_register(
         wallet_hotkey: str = Options.wallet_hotkey,
         network: Optional[list[str]] = Options.network,
         netuid: int = Options.netuid,
+        era: Optional[
+            int
+        ] = typer.Option(  # Should not be Options.era bc this needs to be an Optional[int]
+            None,
+            help="Length (in blocks) for which the transaction should be valid. Note that it is possible that if you "
+            "use an era for this transaction that you may pay a different fee to register than the one stated.",
+        ),
         prompt: bool = Options.prompt,
         quiet: bool = Options.quiet,
         verbose: bool = Options.verbose,
@@ -5069,6 +5092,7 @@ def subnets_register(
                 wallet,
                 self.initialize_chain(network),
                 netuid,
+                era,
                 prompt,
             )
         )
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/registration.py b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/registration.py
index 65d8f348d..bcd809bdd 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/registration.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/registration.py
@@ -676,6 +676,7 @@ async def burned_register_extrinsic(
     old_balance: Balance,
     wait_for_inclusion: bool = True,
     wait_for_finalization: bool = True,
+    era: Optional[int] = None,
     prompt: bool = False,
 ) -> bool:
     """Registers the wallet to chain by recycling TAO.
@@ -704,13 +705,32 @@ async def burned_register_extrinsic(
         my_uid = await subtensor.query(
             "SubtensorModule", "Uids", [netuid, wallet.hotkey.ss58_address]
         )
+        block_hash = await subtensor.substrate.get_chain_head()
 
         print_verbose("Checking if already registered", status)
         neuron = await subtensor.neuron_for_uid(
-            uid=my_uid,
-            netuid=netuid,
-            block_hash=subtensor.substrate.last_block_hash,
+            uid=my_uid, netuid=netuid, block_hash=block_hash
         )
+        if not era:
+            current_block, tempo, blocks_since_last_step = await asyncio.gather(
+                subtensor.substrate.get_block_number(block_hash=block_hash),
+                subtensor.get_hyperparameter(
+                    "Tempo", netuid=netuid, block_hash=block_hash
+                ),
+                subtensor.query(
+                    "SubtensorModule",
+                    "BlocksSinceLastStep",
+                    [netuid],
+                    block_hash=block_hash,
+                ),
+            )
+            validity_period = tempo - blocks_since_last_step
+            era_ = {
+                "period": validity_period,
+                "current": current_block,
+            }
+        else:
+            era_ = {"period": era}
 
     if not neuron.is_null:
         console.print(
@@ -734,7 +754,7 @@ async def burned_register_extrinsic(
             },
         )
         success, err_msg = await subtensor.sign_and_send_extrinsic(
-            call, wallet, wait_for_inclusion, wait_for_finalization
+            call, wallet, wait_for_inclusion, wait_for_finalization, era=era_
         )
 
     if not success:
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/transfer.py b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/transfer.py
index 5a167f0b2..0deefc467 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/transfer.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/extrinsics/transfer.py
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ async def transfer_extrinsic(
     wallet: Wallet,
     destination: str,
     amount: Balance,
+    era: int = 3,
     transfer_all: bool = False,
     wait_for_inclusion: bool = True,
     wait_for_finalization: bool = False,
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ async def do_transfer() -> tuple[bool, str, str]:
             call_params={"dest": destination, "value": amount.rao},
         )
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
         )
         response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
             extrinsic,
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/subtensor_interface.py b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/subtensor_interface.py
index a19dc8b85..ecd58f7c7 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/subtensor_interface.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/subtensor_interface.py
@@ -1048,6 +1048,7 @@ async def sign_and_send_extrinsic(
         wallet: Wallet,
         wait_for_inclusion: bool = True,
         wait_for_finalization: bool = False,
+        era: Optional[dict[str, int]] = None,
     ) -> tuple[bool, str]:
         """
         Helper method to sign and submit an extrinsic call to chain.
@@ -1059,8 +1060,11 @@ async def sign_and_send_extrinsic(
 
         :return: (success, error message)
         """
+        call_args = {"call": call, "keypair": wallet.coldkey}
+        if era is not None:
+            call_args["era"] = era
         extrinsic = await self.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+            **call_args
         )  # sign with coldkey
         try:
             response = await self.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py
index 2451d51b2..79d6fd3cb 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ async def stake_add(
     safe_staking: bool,
     rate_tolerance: float,
     allow_partial_stake: bool,
+    era: int,
 ):
     """
     Args:
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ async def stake_add(
         safe_staking: whether to use safe staking
         rate_tolerance: rate tolerance percentage for stake operations
         allow_partial_stake: whether to allow partial stake
+        era: Blocks for which the transaction should be valid.
 
     Returns:
         bool: True if stake operation is successful, False otherwise
@@ -86,7 +88,10 @@ async def safe_stake_extrinsic(
             },
         )
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, nonce=next_nonce
+            call=call,
+            keypair=wallet.coldkey,
+            nonce=next_nonce,
+            era={"period": era},
         )
         try:
             response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
@@ -105,7 +110,6 @@ async def safe_stake_extrinsic(
                 err_out(f"\n{failure_prelude} with error: {format_error_message(e)}")
             return
         else:
-            await response.process_events()
             if not await response.is_success:
                 err_out(
                     f"\n{failure_prelude} with error: {format_error_message(await response.error_message)}"
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ async def stake_extrinsic(
             },
         )
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, nonce=next_nonce
+            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, nonce=next_nonce, era={"period": era}
         )
         try:
             response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/move.py b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/move.py
index 403dc9668..f67ac305f 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/move.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/move.py
@@ -444,6 +444,7 @@ async def move_stake(
     destination_hotkey: str,
     amount: float,
     stake_all: bool,
+    era: int,
     interactive_selection: bool = False,
     prompt: bool = True,
 ):
@@ -563,7 +564,7 @@ async def move_stake(
             },
         )
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
         )
         response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
             extrinsic, wait_for_inclusion=True, wait_for_finalization=False
@@ -622,6 +623,7 @@ async def transfer_stake(
     origin_netuid: int,
     dest_netuid: int,
     dest_coldkey_ss58: str,
+    era: int,
     interactive_selection: bool = False,
     stake_all: bool = False,
     prompt: bool = True,
@@ -747,7 +749,7 @@ async def transfer_stake(
         )
 
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
         )
 
         response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
@@ -798,6 +800,7 @@ async def swap_stake(
     destination_netuid: int,
     amount: float,
     swap_all: bool = False,
+    era: int = 3,
     interactive_selection: bool = False,
     prompt: bool = True,
     wait_for_inclusion: bool = True,
@@ -917,7 +920,7 @@ async def swap_stake(
         )
 
         extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+            call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
         )
 
         response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py
index 898af9cf8..3488546a7 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ async def unstake(
     safe_staking: bool,
     rate_tolerance: float,
     allow_partial_stake: bool,
+    era: int,
 ):
     """Unstake from hotkey(s)."""
     with console.status(
@@ -302,6 +303,7 @@ async def unstake(
                         current_stake=op["current_stake_balance"],
                         hotkey_ss58=op["hotkey_ss58"],
                         status=status,
+                        era=era,
                     )
                 else:
                     await _safe_unstake_extrinsic(
@@ -313,6 +315,7 @@ async def unstake(
                         price_limit=op["price_with_tolerance"],
                         allow_partial_stake=allow_partial_stake,
                         status=status,
+                        era=era,
                     )
         else:
             for op in unstake_operations:
@@ -324,6 +327,7 @@ async def unstake(
                     current_stake=op["current_stake_balance"],
                     hotkey_ss58=op["hotkey_ss58"],
                     status=status,
+                    era=era,
                 )
     console.print(
         f"[{COLOR_PALETTE['STAKE']['STAKE_AMOUNT']}]Unstaking operations completed."
@@ -338,6 +342,7 @@ async def unstake_all(
     all_hotkeys: bool = False,
     include_hotkeys: Optional[list[str]] = None,
     exclude_hotkeys: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+    era: int = 3,
     prompt: bool = True,
 ) -> bool:
     """Unstakes all stakes from all hotkeys in all subnets."""
@@ -512,6 +517,7 @@ async def unstake_all(
                 hotkey_name=hotkey_names.get(hotkey_ss58, hotkey_ss58),
                 unstake_all_alpha=unstake_all_alpha,
                 status=status,
+                era=era,
             )
 
 
@@ -524,6 +530,7 @@ async def _unstake_extrinsic(
     current_stake: Balance,
     hotkey_ss58: str,
     status=None,
+    era: int = 3,
 ) -> None:
     """Execute a standard unstake extrinsic.
 
@@ -535,6 +542,7 @@ async def _unstake_extrinsic(
         wallet: Wallet instance
         subtensor: Subtensor interface
         status: Optional status for console updates
+        era: blocks for which the transaction is valid
     """
     err_out = partial(print_error, status=status)
     failure_prelude = (
@@ -557,7 +565,7 @@ async def _unstake_extrinsic(
         },
     )
     extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-        call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey
+        call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
     )
 
     try:
@@ -607,6 +615,7 @@ async def _safe_unstake_extrinsic(
     price_limit: Balance,
     allow_partial_stake: bool,
     status=None,
+    era: int = 3,
 ) -> None:
     """Execute a safe unstake extrinsic with price limit.
 
@@ -655,7 +664,7 @@ async def _safe_unstake_extrinsic(
     )
 
     extrinsic = await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-        call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, nonce=next_nonce
+        call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, nonce=next_nonce, era={"period": era}
     )
 
     try:
@@ -720,6 +729,7 @@ async def _unstake_all_extrinsic(
     hotkey_name: str,
     unstake_all_alpha: bool,
     status=None,
+    era: int = 3,
 ) -> None:
     """Execute an unstake all extrinsic.
 
@@ -770,8 +780,7 @@ async def _unstake_all_extrinsic(
     try:
         response = await subtensor.substrate.submit_extrinsic(
             extrinsic=await subtensor.substrate.create_signed_extrinsic(
-                call=call,
-                keypair=wallet.coldkey,
+                call=call, keypair=wallet.coldkey, era={"period": era}
             ),
             wait_for_inclusion=True,
             wait_for_finalization=False,
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/subnets/subnets.py b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/subnets/subnets.py
index 81043d8c2..174622a3d 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/subnets/subnets.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/subnets/subnets.py
@@ -1436,7 +1436,11 @@ async def pow_register(
 
 
 async def register(
-    wallet: Wallet, subtensor: "SubtensorInterface", netuid: int, prompt: bool
+    wallet: Wallet,
+    subtensor: "SubtensorInterface",
+    netuid: int,
+    era: Optional[int],
+    prompt: bool,
 ):
     """Register neuron by recycling some TAO."""
 
@@ -1534,6 +1538,7 @@ async def register(
             netuid=netuid,
             prompt=False,
             old_balance=balance,
+            era=era,
         )
 
 
diff --git a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/wallets.py b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/wallets.py
index 333e5e0ff..28cb71304 100644
--- a/bittensor_cli/src/commands/wallets.py
+++ b/bittensor_cli/src/commands/wallets.py
@@ -1188,6 +1188,7 @@ async def transfer(
     destination: str,
     amount: float,
     transfer_all: bool,
+    era: int,
     prompt: bool,
 ):
     """Transfer token of amount to destination."""
@@ -1197,6 +1198,7 @@ async def transfer(
         destination=destination,
         amount=Balance.from_tao(amount),
         transfer_all=transfer_all,
+        era=era,
         prompt=prompt,
     )
 
diff --git a/tests/e2e_tests/test_senate.py b/tests/e2e_tests/test_senate.py
index dfd2cfa57..d2badc696 100644
--- a/tests/e2e_tests/test_senate.py
+++ b/tests/e2e_tests/test_senate.py
@@ -222,9 +222,10 @@ def test_senate(local_chain, wallet_setup):
     assert proposals_after_nay_output[9].split()[4] == "1"
 
     # Assert Alice has voted Nay
-    assert proposals_after_nay_output[10].split()[0].strip(
-        ":"
-    ) == wallet_alice.hotkey.ss58_address
+    assert (
+        proposals_after_nay_output[10].split()[0].strip(":")
+        == wallet_alice.hotkey.ss58_address
+    )
 
     # Assert vote casted as Nay
     assert proposals_after_nay_output[10].split()[1] == "Nay"
diff --git a/tests/e2e_tests/test_staking_sudo.py b/tests/e2e_tests/test_staking_sudo.py
index 5ab214604..0f1d817af 100644
--- a/tests/e2e_tests/test_staking_sudo.py
+++ b/tests/e2e_tests/test_staking_sudo.py
@@ -112,9 +112,11 @@ def test_staking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "0.1",
             "--partial",
             "--no-prompt",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )
-    assert "✅ Finalized" in add_stake.stdout
+    assert "✅ Finalized" in add_stake.stdout, add_stake.stderr
 
     # Execute stake show for Alice's wallet
     show_stake = exec_command_alice(
@@ -157,6 +159,8 @@ def test_staking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "0.1",
             "--partial",
             "--no-prompt",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )
     assert "✅ Finalized" in remove_stake.stdout
diff --git a/tests/e2e_tests/test_unstaking.py b/tests/e2e_tests/test_unstaking.py
index 91eb406ea..bf29d1858 100644
--- a/tests/e2e_tests/test_unstaking.py
+++ b/tests/e2e_tests/test_unstaking.py
@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ def test_unstaking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
                 "--partial",
                 "--tolerance",
                 "0.5",
+                "--era",
+                "144",
             ],
         )
         assert "✅ Finalized" in stake_result.stdout
@@ -184,6 +186,8 @@ def test_unstaking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "--partial",
             "--tolerance",
             "0.5",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )
     assert "✅ Finalized" in partial_unstake_netuid_2.stdout
@@ -229,6 +233,8 @@ def test_unstaking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "--all-alpha",
             "--no-prompt",
             "--verbose",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )
 
@@ -258,6 +264,8 @@ def test_unstaking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
                 "--partial",
                 "--tolerance",
                 "0.5",
+                "--era",
+                "144",
             ],
         )
         assert "✅ Finalized" in stake_result.stdout
@@ -277,6 +285,8 @@ def test_unstaking(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "ws://127.0.0.1:9945",
             "--all",
             "--no-prompt",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )
     assert "✅ Finalized: Successfully unstaked all stakes from" in unstake_all.stdout
diff --git a/tests/e2e_tests/test_wallet_interactions.py b/tests/e2e_tests/test_wallet_interactions.py
index 19cdcc22a..3d08591c0 100644
--- a/tests/e2e_tests/test_wallet_interactions.py
+++ b/tests/e2e_tests/test_wallet_interactions.py
@@ -245,6 +245,8 @@ def test_wallet_transfer(local_chain, wallet_setup):
             "--amount",
             "100",
             "--no-prompt",
+            "--era",
+            "144",
         ],
     )