diff --git a/mypy/semanal.py b/mypy/semanal.py
index 9e6015f081c4..11f0156372bf 100644
--- a/mypy/semanal.py
+++ b/mypy/semanal.py
@@ -6297,21 +6297,33 @@ def visit_type_application(self, expr: TypeApplication) -> None:
 
     def visit_list_comprehension(self, expr: ListComprehension) -> None:
         if any(expr.generator.is_async):
-            if not self.is_func_scope() or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine:
+            if (
+                not self.is_func_scope()
+                or not self.function_stack
+                or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine
+            ):
                 self.fail(message_registry.ASYNC_FOR_OUTSIDE_COROUTINE, expr, code=codes.SYNTAX)
 
         expr.generator.accept(self)
 
     def visit_set_comprehension(self, expr: SetComprehension) -> None:
         if any(expr.generator.is_async):
-            if not self.is_func_scope() or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine:
+            if (
+                not self.is_func_scope()
+                or not self.function_stack
+                or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine
+            ):
                 self.fail(message_registry.ASYNC_FOR_OUTSIDE_COROUTINE, expr, code=codes.SYNTAX)
 
         expr.generator.accept(self)
 
     def visit_dictionary_comprehension(self, expr: DictionaryComprehension) -> None:
         if any(expr.is_async):
-            if not self.is_func_scope() or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine:
+            if (
+                not self.is_func_scope()
+                or not self.function_stack
+                or not self.function_stack[-1].is_coroutine
+            ):
                 self.fail(message_registry.ASYNC_FOR_OUTSIDE_COROUTINE, expr, code=codes.SYNTAX)
 
         with self.enter(expr):
diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-async-await.test b/test-data/unit/check-async-await.test
index e4bd4568f8c8..242461af8a1c 100644
--- a/test-data/unit/check-async-await.test
+++ b/test-data/unit/check-async-await.test
@@ -1080,3 +1080,14 @@ class Launcher(P):
 
 [builtins fixtures/async_await.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-async.pyi]
+
+[case testInvalidAsyncForInComprehensionNoCrash]
+# a # is at the end to mark these not as section headers
+[[5 async for _ in [5]] for _ in []]#  # E: "async for" outside async function \
+                                       # E: "list[int]" has no attribute "__aiter__" (not async iterable)
+[{5 async for _ in [5]} for _ in []]#  # E: "async for" outside async function \
+                                       # E: "list[int]" has no attribute "__aiter__" (not async iterable)
+[{5: 5 async for _ in [5]} for _ in []]#  # E: "async for" outside async function \
+                                          # E: "list[int]" has no attribute "__aiter__" (not async iterable)
+[builtins fixtures/async_await.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-async.pyi]