diff --git a/src/cargo/ops/cargo_package.rs b/src/cargo/ops/cargo_package.rs
index 6ac09dc771d..d837aacdc75 100644
--- a/src/cargo/ops/cargo_package.rs
+++ b/src/cargo/ops/cargo_package.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::task::Poll;
 
 use crate::core::compiler::{BuildConfig, CompileMode, DefaultExecutor, Executor};
+use crate::core::manifest::Target;
 use crate::core::resolver::CliFeatures;
 use crate::core::{registry::PackageRegistry, resolver::HasDevUnits};
 use crate::core::{Feature, Shell, Verbosity, Workspace};
@@ -331,6 +332,23 @@ fn build_ar_list(
             warn_on_nonexistent_file(&pkg, &readme_path, "readme", &ws)?;
         }
     }
+
+    for t in pkg
+        .manifest()
+        .targets()
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|t| t.is_custom_build())
+    {
+        if let Some(custome_build_path) = t.src_path().path() {
+            let abs_custome_build_path =
+                paths::normalize_path(&pkg.root().join(custome_build_path));
+            if !abs_custome_build_path.is_file() || !abs_custome_build_path.starts_with(pkg.root())
+            {
+                error_custom_build_file_not_in_package(pkg, &abs_custome_build_path, t)?;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     result.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| a.rel_path.cmp(&b.rel_path));
 
     Ok(result)
@@ -405,6 +423,31 @@ fn warn_on_nonexistent_file(
     ))
 }
 
+fn error_custom_build_file_not_in_package(
+    pkg: &Package,
+    path: &Path,
+    target: &Target,
+) -> CargoResult<Vec<ArchiveFile>> {
+    let tip = {
+        let description_name = target.description_named();
+        if path.is_file() {
+            format!("the source file of {description_name} doesn't appear to be a path inside of the package.\n\
+            It is at `{}`, whereas the root the package is `{}`.\n",
+            path.display(), pkg.root().display()
+            )
+        } else {
+            format!("the source file of {description_name} doesn't appear to exist.\n",)
+        }
+    };
+    let msg = format!(
+        "{}\
+        This may cause issue during packaging, as modules resolution and resources included via macros are often relative to the path of source files.\n\
+        Please update the `build` setting in the manifest at `{}` and point to a path inside the root of the package.",
+        tip,  pkg.manifest_path().display()
+    );
+    anyhow::bail!(msg)
+}
+
 /// Construct `Cargo.lock` for the package to be published.
 fn build_lock(ws: &Workspace<'_>, orig_pkg: &Package) -> CargoResult<String> {
     let config = ws.config();
diff --git a/tests/testsuite/package.rs b/tests/testsuite/package.rs
index a3b90323b16..371157e4efa 100644
--- a/tests/testsuite/package.rs
+++ b/tests/testsuite/package.rs
@@ -3304,3 +3304,52 @@ fn init_and_add_inner_target(p: ProjectBuilder) -> ProjectBuilder {
     .file("derp/target/foo.txt", "")
     .file("derp/not_target/foo.txt", "")
 }
+
+#[cargo_test]
+fn build_script_outside_pkg_root() {
+    let p = project()
+        .file(
+            "Cargo.toml",
+            r#"
+    [package]
+    name = "foo"
+    version = "0.0.1"
+    license = "MIT"
+    description = "foo"
+    authors = []
+    build = "../t_custom_build/custom_build.rs"
+    "#,
+        )
+        .file("src/main.rs", "fn main() {}")
+        .build();
+    let mut expect_msg = String::from("\
+warning: manifest has no documentation, homepage or repository.
+See https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html#package-metadata for more info.
+error: the source file of build script doesn't appear to exist.
+This may cause issue during packaging, as modules resolution and resources included via macros are often relative to the path of source files.
+Please update the `build` setting in the manifest at `[CWD]/Cargo.toml` and point to a path inside the root of the package.
+");
+    // custom_build.rs does not exist
+    p.cargo("package -l")
+        .with_status(101)
+        .with_stderr(&expect_msg)
+        .run();
+
+    // custom_build.rs outside the package root
+    let custom_build_root = paths::root().join("t_custom_build");
+    _ = fs::create_dir(&custom_build_root).unwrap();
+    _ = fs::write(&custom_build_root.join("custom_build.rs"), "fn main() {}");
+    expect_msg = format!(
+        "\
+warning: manifest has no documentation, homepage or repository.
+See https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html#package-metadata for more info.
+error: the source file of build script doesn't appear to be a path inside of the package.
+It is at `{}/t_custom_build/custom_build.rs`, whereas the root the package is `[CWD]`.
+This may cause issue during packaging, as modules resolution and resources included via macros are often relative to the path of source files.
+Please update the `build` setting in the manifest at `[CWD]/Cargo.toml` and point to a path inside the root of the package.
+", paths::root().display());
+    p.cargo("package -l")
+        .with_status(101)
+        .with_stderr(&expect_msg)
+        .run();
+}