diff --git a/.github/workflows/algolia-index.yml b/.github/workflows/algolia-index.yml
index dfc2295af33..ab892f3e88c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/algolia-index.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/algolia-index.yml
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ on:
     - cron: '0 10 * * *' # Once per day at 10am UTC
   workflow_dispatch: # Manual trigger
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   update:
     name: Update Algolia Index
diff --git a/.github/workflows/antora-generate.yml b/.github/workflows/antora-generate.yml
index 687c32fe23d..c4eb51dcfd2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/antora-generate.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/antora-generate.yml
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ on:
 env:
   GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/clean_build_artifacts.yml b/.github/workflows/clean_build_artifacts.yml
index 377fb1e44ed..84ffd72b99e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/clean_build_artifacts.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/clean_build_artifacts.yml
@@ -3,8 +3,13 @@ on:
   schedule:
     - cron: '0 10 * * *' # Once per day at 10am UTC
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   main:
+    permissions:
+      contents: none
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Delete artifacts in cron job
diff --git a/.github/workflows/continuous-integration-workflow.yml b/.github/workflows/continuous-integration-workflow.yml
index 54126a20e04..266aa2b96ef 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/continuous-integration-workflow.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/continuous-integration-workflow.yml
@@ -233,6 +233,8 @@ jobs:
           DOCS_SSH_KEY: ${{ secrets.DOCS_SSH_KEY }}
           DOCS_HOST: ${{ secrets.DOCS_HOST }}
   perform_release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write  # for Git to git push
     name: Perform release
     needs: [prerequisites, deploy_artifacts, deploy_docs, deploy_schema]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/deploy-reference.yml b/.github/workflows/deploy-reference.yml
index 2b493ebd365..e7c9b0d6bf0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/deploy-reference.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/deploy-reference.yml
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ on:
     - cron: '0 10 * * *' # Once per day at 10am UTC
   workflow_dispatch: # Manual trigger
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   deploy:
     name: deploy
diff --git a/.github/workflows/milestone-spring-releasetrain.yml b/.github/workflows/milestone-spring-releasetrain.yml
index 1ad29c0555f..5d758ebcb44 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/milestone-spring-releasetrain.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/milestone-spring-releasetrain.yml
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ env:
   TITLE: ${{ github.event.milestone.title }}
 jobs:
   spring-releasetrain-checks:    
+    permissions:
+      contents: none
     name: Check DueOn is on a Release Date
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pr-build-workflow.yml b/.github/workflows/pr-build-workflow.yml
index 1e62bcd865d..1d79b793a2a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pr-build-workflow.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pr-build-workflow.yml
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ on: pull_request
 env:
   RUN_JOBS: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-security' }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   build:
     name: Build