[Modules] Added SQL Protector for SQL Server

[jhueppauff]

Description

I added the missing encryption protector for SQL Server. #1980
This should enable to apply TDE on Databases with a custom key.
However this is my first contribution, in case I missed anything please raise your voice.

Pipeline references

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Type of Change

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Update to documentation

Checklist

• I'm sure there are no other open Pull Requests for the same update/change
• My corresponding pipelines / checks run clean and green without any errors or warnings
• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation (readme)
• I did format my code