Generalize BlockArray/BlockedArray to non-integer block lengths

[mtfishman]

The element types of BlockedUnitRange/BlockedOneTo were generalized to any Integer type in BlockArrays v1 (#255, #337, #395). However, the axes of BlockArray and BlockedArray are still hardcoded to have element type Int. This PR lifts that restriction.

Note that currently there is an issue printing very large BlockArray/BlockedArray:

julia> BlockedArray(1:2big(10)^10, [big(10)^10,big(10)^10])
2-blocked 20000000000-element BlockedVector{BigInt, UnitRange{BigInt}, Tuple{BlockedOneTo{BigInt, Vector{BigInt}}}}:
           1
           2
           3
           4
           5
           6
           7
           8
           9
          10
          11
          12
          13
          14
          15
          16
           ⋮
 19999999986
 19999999987
 19999999988
 19999999989
 19999999990
 19999999991
 19999999992
 19999999993
 19999999994
 19999999995
 19999999996
 19999999997
 19999999998
 19999999999
 20000000000

julia> BlockedArray(1:2big(10)^20, [big(10)^20,big(10)^20])
2-blocked 200000000000000000000-element BlockedVector{BigInt, UnitRange{BigInt}, Tuple{BlockedOneTo{BigInt, Vector{BigInt}}}}:
Error showing value of type BlockedVector{BigInt, UnitRange{BigInt}, Tuple{BlockedOneTo{BigInt, Vector{BigInt}}}}:
ERROR: InexactError: Int64(199999999999999999986)
Stacktrace:
  [1] Type
    @ ./gmp.jl:384 [inlined]
  [2] convert
    @ ./number.jl:7 [inlined]
  [3] to_index
    @ ./indices.jl:292 [inlined]
  [4] to_index
    @ ./indices.jl:277 [inlined]
  [5] _to_indices1
    @ ./indices.jl:359 [inlined]
  [6] to_indices
    @ ./indices.jl:354 [inlined]
  [7] to_indices
    @ ./indices.jl:350 [inlined]
  [8] isassigned(::BlockedVector{BigInt, UnitRange{BigInt}, Tuple{BlockedOneTo{BigInt, Vector{BigInt}}}}, ::BigInt, ::Int64)
    @ Base ./multidimensional.jl:1568
  [9] alignment(io::IOContext{…}, X::AbstractVecOrMat, rows::Vector{…}, cols::Vector{…}, cols_if_complete::Int64, cols_otherwise::Int64, sep::Int64, ncols::Int64)
    @ Base ./arrayshow.jl:68
 [10] _print_matrix(io::IOContext{…}, X::AbstractVecOrMat, pre::String, sep::String, post::String, hdots::String, vdots::String, ddots::String, hmod::Int64, vmod::Int64, rowsA::UnitRange{…}, colsA::UnitRange{…})
    @ Base ./arrayshow.jl:207
 [11] print_matrix(io::IOContext{…}, X::BlockedVector{…}, pre::String, sep::String, post::String, hdots::String, vdots::String, ddots::String, hmod::Int64, vmod::Int64)
    @ Base ./arrayshow.jl:171
 [12] print_matrix
    @ ./arrayshow.jl:171 [inlined]
 [13] print_array
    @ ./arrayshow.jl:358 [inlined]
 [14] show(io::IOContext{Base.TTY}, ::MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, X::BlockedVector{BigInt, UnitRange{BigInt}, Tuple{BlockedOneTo{…}}})
    @ Base ./arrayshow.jl:399
 [15] (::OhMyREPL.var"#15#16"{REPL.REPLDisplay{REPL.LineEditREPL}, MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, Base.RefValue{Any}})(io::IOContext{Base.TTY})
    @ OhMyREPL ~/.julia/packages/OhMyREPL/6UG7a/src/output_prompt_overwrite.jl:23
 [16] with_repl_linfo(f::Any, repl::REPL.LineEditREPL)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:569
 [17] display
    @ ~/.julia/packages/OhMyREPL/6UG7a/src/output_prompt_overwrite.jl:6 [inlined]
 [18] display
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:278 [inlined]
 [19] display(x::Any)
    @ Base.Multimedia ./multimedia.jl:340
 [20] print_response(errio::IO, response::Any, show_value::Bool, have_color::Bool, specialdisplay::Union{Nothing, AbstractDisplay})
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:0
 [21] (::REPL.var"#57#58"{REPL.LineEditREPL, Pair{Any, Bool}, Bool, Bool})(io::Any)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:284
 [22] with_repl_linfo(f::Any, repl::REPL.LineEditREPL)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:569
 [23] print_response(repl::REPL.AbstractREPL, response::Any, show_value::Bool, have_color::Bool)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:282
 [24] (::REPL.var"#do_respond#80"{…})(s::REPL.LineEdit.MIState, buf::Any, ok::Bool)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:911
 [25] #invokelatest#2
    @ ./essentials.jl:892 [inlined]
 [26] invokelatest
    @ ./essentials.jl:889 [inlined]
 [27] run_interface(terminal::REPL.Terminals.TextTerminal, m::REPL.LineEdit.ModalInterface, s::REPL.LineEdit.MIState)
    @ REPL.LineEdit ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/LineEdit.jl:2656
 [28] run_frontend(repl::REPL.LineEditREPL, backend::REPL.REPLBackendRef)
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:1312
 [29] (::REPL.var"#62#68"{REPL.LineEditREPL, REPL.REPLBackendRef})()
    @ REPL ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/REPL/src/REPL.jl:386
Some type information was truncated. Use `show(err)` to see complete types.

This appears to be a Base Julia issue, see JuliaLang/julia#54786.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 96.25%. Comparing base (f762c3c) to head (d4b7a93).
Report is 5 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #405      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   94.99%   96.25%   +1.25%     
==========================================
  Files          16       18       +2     
  Lines        1498     1628     +130     
==========================================
+ Hits         1423     1567     +144     
+ Misses         75       61      -14     

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[mtfishman]

Looks like there are some code coverage issues. Oddly those are not new lines of code but just ones that were modified by this PR, I guess they weren't covered before and modifying them triggered those coverage comments.

[dlfivefifty]

It would be great if you can add tests even if its not your fault they weren't covered

[mtfishman]

Will do.

[mtfishman]

There's a few more code coverage issues to fix. Also I realized I need to rework the BlockIndexRange type a little bit to avoid abstract types. Working on those this afternoon.

[mtfishman]

Ok, I redesigned BlockIndexRange to have all concrete/inferrable types and also fixed all of the code coverage issues.

I think there are a few more subtle places throughout the library that are hardcoded to Int but I would prefer to address those in future PRs since this PR has become pretty big already.

[mtfishman]

I noticed that there was a lot of code in blockaxis.jl that is still hardcoded to Int, I'm working on generalizing that now. After that this PR should be good to go from my end.

[mtfishman]

Ok, this is ready from my end.