M #-: Upgrade and installation guide minor fixes mainly about CRB repo

content/software/installation_process/manual_installation/front_end_installation.md

@@ -29,23 +29,34 @@ Follow the [OpenNebula Repositories]({{% relref "opennebula_repository_configura
 
 Not all OpenNebula dependencies are in base distribution repositories. On selected platforms below you need to enable third party repositories by running the following commands under privileged user (`root`):
 
+### EPEL repository
+
 **AlmaLinux 8,9**
 
-```default
-yum -y install epel-release
+```bash
+dnf -y install epel-release
 ```
 
 **RHEL 8**
 
-```default
+```bash
 rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
 ```
 
 **RHEL 9**
 
-```default
+```bash
 rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
 ```
+### CRB repository
+
+**AlmaLinux/RHEL 8,9**
+
+
+```bash
+crb enable
+```
+
 
 <a id="packages"></a>
 
@@ -84,7 +95,7 @@ Install all OpenNebula Front-end components by executing the following commands
 ### AlmaLinux / RHEL
 
 ```bash
-yum -y install opennebula opennebula-fireedge opennebula-gate opennebula-flow
+dnf -y install opennebula opennebula-fireedge opennebula-gate opennebula-flow
 ```
 
 ### Debian / Ubuntu
@@ -214,7 +225,7 @@ Since 5.12, the OpenNebula comes with an integrated SSH agent as the `opennebula
 
 You are ready to **start** all OpenNebula services with the following command (NOTE: you might want to remove the services from the command arguments if you skipped their configuration steps above):
 
-```default
+```bash
 systemctl start opennebula opennebula-fireedge opennebula-gate opennebula-flow
 ```
 
@@ -223,7 +234,7 @@ Make sure all required [network ports]({{% relref "front_end_installation#fronte
 
 Other OpenNebula services might be started as a dependency but you don’t need to care about them unless they need to be explicitly restarted or stopped. To start these **services automatically on server boot**, it’s necessary to enable them by the following command:
 
-```default
+```bash
 systemctl enable opennebula opennebula-fireedge opennebula-gate opennebula-flow
 ```
 
@@ -237,8 +248,8 @@ After OpenNebula is started for the first time, you should check that the comman
 
 In the Front-end, run the following command as `oneadmin` system user and find a similar output:
 
-```default
-$ oneuser show
+```bash
+oneuser show
 USER 0 INFORMATION
 ID              : 0
 NAME            : oneadmin
@@ -255,8 +266,8 @@ RESOURCE USAGE & QUOTAS
 
 If you get an error message then the OpenNebula Daemon could not be started properly:
 
-```default
-$ oneuser show
+```bash
+oneuser show
 Failed to open TCP connection to localhost:2633 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "localhost" port 2633)
 ```
 

content/software/installation_process/manual_installation/kvm_node_installation.md

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 ---
 title: "KVM Node Installation"
-linkTitle: "KVM Node"
 date: "2025-02-17"
 description:
 categories:
@@ -38,35 +37,35 @@ Refer to [OpenNebula Repositories]({{% relref "opennebula_repository_configurati
 
 ### Installing on AlmaLinux/RHEL
 
-#### Repository EPEL
+OpenNebula depends on packages which aren’t in the base **AlmaLinux/RHEL 8,9** distribution repositories. Execute one of the commands below (distinguished by the Host platform) under privileged user (`root`) to configure access to additional [EPEL](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) repository:
 
-OpenNebula depends on packages which aren’t in the base distribution repositories. Execute one of the commands below (distinguished by the Host platform) to configure access to additional [EPEL](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) repository:
+#### EPEL repository
 
-**AlmaLinux**
+**AlmaLinux 8,9**
 
-```default
-# yum -y install epel-release
+```bash
+dnf -y install epel-release
 ```
 
 **RHEL 8**
 
-```default
-# rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
+```bash
+rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
 ```
 
 **RHEL 9**
 
-```default
-# rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
+```bash
+rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
 ```
 
 #### Install OpenNebula KVM Node Package
 
 Execute the following commands to install the OpenNebula KVM Node package and restart libvirt to use the OpenNebula-provided configuration file:
 
-```default
-# yum -y install opennebula-node-kvm
-# systemctl restart libvirtd
+```bash
+dnf -y install opennebula-node-kvm
+systemctl restart libvirtd
 ```
 
 For further configuration, check the specific [guide]({{% relref "kvm_driver#kvmg" %}}).
@@ -75,10 +74,10 @@ For further configuration, check the specific [guide]({{% relref "kvm_driver#kvm
 
 Execute the following commands to install the OpenNebula KVM Node package and restart libvirt to use the OpenNebula-provided configuration file:
 
-```default
-# apt-get update
-# apt-get -y install opennebula-node-kvm
-# systemctl restart libvirtd
+```bash
+apt-get update
+apt-get -y install opennebula-node-kvm
+systemctl restart libvirtd
 ```
 
 For further configuration check the specific [guide]({{% relref "kvm_driver#kvmg" %}}).
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ If you are performing an upgrade skip this and the next steps and go back to the
 
 Depending on the type of OpenNebula deployment, the SELinux can block some operations initiated by the OpenNebula Front-end, which results in a failure of the particular operation.  It’s **not recommended to disable** the SELinux on production environments, as it degrades the security of your server, but to investigate and work around each individual problem based on the [SELinux User’s and Administrator’s Guide](https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/selinux_users_and_administrators_guide/). The administrator might disable the SELinux to temporarily work around the problem or on non-production deployments by changing the following line in `/etc/selinux/config`:
 
-```default
+```bash
 SELINUX=disabled
 ```
 
@@ -106,8 +105,8 @@ Depending on your OpenNebula deployment type, the following may be required on y
 * package `util-linux` newer than 2.23.2-51 installed
 * SELinux boolean `virt_use_nfs` enabled (with datastores on NFS):
 
-```default
-# setsebool -P virt_use_nfs on
+```bash
+setsebool -P virt_use_nfs on
 ```
 
 ### Disable AppArmor on Ubuntu/Debian
@@ -117,8 +116,8 @@ Depending on the type of OpenNebula deployment, the AppArmor can block some oper
 {{< alert title="Note" color="success" >}}
 Depending on your OpenNebula deployment type, the following lines might be required at `/etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/libvirt-qemu` profile:{{< /alert >}} 
 
-```default
-# /var/lib/one/datastores/** rwk,
+```bash
+/var/lib/one/datastores/** rwk,
 ```
 
 <a id="kvm-local"></a>
@@ -155,14 +154,14 @@ If [default SSH configuration]({{% relref "advanced_ssh_usage#node-ssh-config" %
 
 Make sure you are logged in on your Front-end and run the commands as `oneadmin`, e.g., by typing:
 
-```default
-# su - oneadmin
+```bash
+su - oneadmin
 ```
 
 Create the `known_hosts` file by running following command with all the node names including the Front-end as parameters:
 
-```default
-$ ssh-keyscan <frontend> <node1> <node2> <node3> ... >> /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts
+```bash
+ssh-keyscan <frontend> <node1> <node2> <node3> ... >> /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts
 ```
 
 ### B. Distribute Authentication Configuration
@@ -171,24 +170,24 @@ To enable passwordless login on your infrastructure, you must copy authenticatio
 
 Make sure you are logged in on your Front-end and run the commands as `oneadmin`, e.g., by typing:
 
-```default
-# su - oneadmin
+```bash
+su - oneadmin
 ```
 
 Enable passwordless logins by executing the following command for each of your nodes. For example:
 
-```default
-$ ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node1>
-$ ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node2>
-$ ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node3>
+```bash
+ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node1>
+ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node2>
+ssh-copy-id -i /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <node3>
 ```
 
 If the list of host SSH public keys was created in the previous section, distribute the `known_hosts` file to each of your nodes. For example:
 
-```default
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node1>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node2>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node3>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+```bash
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node1>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node2>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node3>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
 ```
 
 #### Without SSH Authentication Agent (Optional)
@@ -198,10 +197,10 @@ $ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/known_hosts <node3>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
 
 If you need to distribute `oneadmin`’s private SSH key on your nodes, proceed with steps above and continue with following extra commands for all your nodes. For example:
 
-```default
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node1>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node2>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
-$ scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node3>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+```bash
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node1>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node2>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
+scp -p /var/lib/one/.ssh/id_rsa <node3>:/var/lib/one/.ssh/
 ```{{< /alert >}}  
 
 ### C. Validate Connections
@@ -215,40 +214,40 @@ You should verify that none of these connections (under user `oneadmin`) fail an
 
 For example, execute on the Front-end:
 
-```default
+```bash
 # from Front-end to Front-end itself
-$ ssh <frontend>
-$ exit
+ssh <frontend>
+exit
 
 # from Front-end to node, back to Front-end and to other nodes
-$ ssh <node1>
-$ ssh <frontend>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node2>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node3>
-$ exit
-$ exit
+ssh <node1>
+ssh <frontend>
+exit
+ssh <node2>
+exit
+ssh <node3>
+exit
+exit
 
 # from Front-end to node, back to Front-end and to other nodes
-$ ssh <node2>
-$ ssh <frontend>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node1>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node3>
-$ exit
-$ exit
+ssh <node2>
+ssh <frontend>
+exit
+ssh <node1>
+exit
+ssh <node3>
+exit
+exit
 
 # from Front-end to nodes and back to Front-end and other nodes
-$ ssh <node3>
-$ ssh <frontend>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node1>
-$ exit
-$ ssh <node2>
-$ exit
-$ exit
+ssh <node3>
+ssh <frontend>
+exit
+ssh <node1>
+exit
+ssh <node2>
+exit
+exit
 ```
 
 <a id="kvm-node-networking"></a>
@@ -266,15 +265,15 @@ There are various models for virtual networks, check the [Open Cloud Networking]
 
 You may want to use the simplest network model that corresponds to the [bridged]({{% relref "bridged#bridged" %}}) driver. For this driver, you will need to set up a Linux bridge and include a physical device in the bridge. Later on, when defining the network in OpenNebula, you will specify the name of this bridge and OpenNebula will know that it should connect the VM to this bridge, thus giving it connectivity with the physical network device connected to the bridge. For example, a typical Host with two physical networks, one for public IP addresses (attached to an `eth0` NIC for example) and the other for private virtual LANs (NIC `eth1` for example) should have two bridges:
 
-```default
-# ip link show type bridge
+```bash
+ip link show type bridge
 4: br0: ...
 5: br1: ...
 
-# ip link show master br0
+ip link show master br0
 2: eth0: ...
 
-# ip link show master br1
+ip link show master br1
 3: eth1: ...
 ```
 
@@ -318,16 +317,16 @@ Finally, return back to the **Hosts** list, and check that the Host has switched
 
 To add a node to the cloud, run this command as `oneadmin` in the Front-end (replace `<node01>` with your node hostname):
 
-```default
-$ onehost create <node01> -i kvm -v kvm
+```bash
+onehost create <node01> -i kvm -v kvm
 
-$ onehost list
+onehost list
   ID NAME            CLUSTER   RVM      ALLOCATED_CPU      ALLOCATED_MEM STAT
    1 localhost       default     0                  -                  - init
 
 # After some time (up to 1 minute)
 
-$ onehost list
+onehost list
   ID NAME            CLUSTER   RVM      ALLOCATED_CPU      ALLOCATED_MEM STAT
    0 node01          default     0       0 / 400 (0%)     0K / 7.7G (0%) on
 ```