Eh/basic fixes

[elainethale]

Fixes #22
Fixes #23
Fixes #24
Fixes #28

And also generalizes get_short_name considerably.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #29 (8e8d121) into main (3d54942) will increase coverage by 0.11%.
The diff coverage is 87.73%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #29      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   73.78%   73.90%   +0.11%     
==========================================
  Files          16       18       +2     
  Lines        1259     1372     +113     
==========================================
+ Hits          929     1014      +85     
- Misses        330      358      +28     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unit	73.90% <87.73%> (+0.11%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
setup.py	0.00% <ø> (ø)
layerstack/args.py	53.37% <16.66%> (-4.78%)	⬇️
layerstack/layer.py	70.75% <50.00%> (+0.11%)	⬆️
layerstack/stack.py	69.32% <66.66%> (+0.09%)	⬆️
layerstack/tests/__init__.py	93.33% <90.90%> (-6.67%)	⬇️
...sts/layer_library/test_kwarg_name_clashes/layer.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...sts/layer_library/test_kwargs_with_dashes/layer.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
layerstack/tests/test_layer.py	91.25% <100.00%> (+0.11%)	⬆️
layerstack/tests/test_layerbase.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 2 more

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