Enable static component registration in application executables

[abhishek593]

Follow-up to PR #7180

Proposed Changes

• Remove the app-exe gate so the ctors fire in application TUs as well, mirroring what Add static plugin loading support for HPX plugins #7180 did for plugin modules.

• Link the new test against hpx_runtime_configuration (not hpx_core):
  load_component_factory_static is declared HPX_CXX_CORE_EXPORT, which is only active under the C++20 modules build. In the default dynamic build, it resolves to empty, so the symbol is hidden in libhpx_core.so by -fvisibility=hidden but remains globally visible in the per-module archive. Other tests in this directory already follow the same pattern.

Checklist

Not all points below apply to all pull requests.

• I have added a new feature and have added tests to go along with it.
• I have fixed a bug and have added a regression test.
• I have added a test using random numbers; I have made sure it uses a seed, and that random numbers generated are valid inputs for the tests.

[StellarBot]

Can one of the admins verify this patch?

[codacy-production]

Up to standards ✅

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[hkaiser]

LGTM, thanks!