AIP-72: Fix recursion bug with XComArg

[kaxil]

It fixes the following bug

{"timestamp":"2024-12-20T10:38:56.890735","logger":"task","error_detail":
[{"exc_type":"RecursionError","exc_value":"maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison","syntax_error":null,"is_cause":false,"frames":
[
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/task_sdk/src/airflow/sdk/execution_time/task_runner.py","lineno":382,"name":"main"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/task_sdk/src/airflow/sdk/execution_time/task_runner.py","lineno":317,"name":"run"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/airflow/models/baseoperator.py","lineno":378,"name":"wrapper"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/providers/src/airflow/providers/standard/operators/python.py","lineno":182,"name":"execute"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/task_sdk/src/airflow/sdk/definitions/baseoperator.py","lineno":660,"name":"__setattr__"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/task_sdk/src/airflow/sdk/definitions/baseoperator.py","lineno":1126,"name":"_set_xcomargs_dependency"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/airflow/models/xcom_arg.py","lineno":132,"name":"apply_upstream_relationship"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/airflow/models/xcom_arg.py","lineno":118,"name":"iter_xcom_references"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/airflow/models/xcom_arg.py","lineno":121,"name":"iter_xcom_references"},
	{"filename":"/opt/airflow/airflow/models/xcom_arg.py","lineno":118,"name":"iter_xcom_references"},
	...

To reproduce just run tutorial_dag or the following minimal dag:

import pendulum

from airflow.models.dag import DAG
from airflow.providers.standard.operators.python import PythonOperator

with DAG(
    "sdk_tutorial_dag",
    schedule=None,
    start_date=pendulum.datetime(2021, 1, 1, tz="UTC"),
    catchup=False,
    tags=["example"],
) as dag:
    dag.doc_md = __doc__

    def extract(**kwargs):
        ti = kwargs["ti"]
        data_string = '{"1001": 301.27, "1002": 433.21, "1003": 502.22}'
        ti.xcom_push("order_data", data_string)

    extract_task = PythonOperator(
        task_id="extract",
        python_callable=extract,
    )

    extract_task

I need this fix for #45075 (part of the getting Task Context working with AIP-72)

---

^ Add meaningful description above
Read the Pull Request Guidelines for more information.
In case of fundamental code changes, an Airflow Improvement Proposal (AIP) is needed.
In case of a new dependency, check compliance with the ASF 3rd Party License Policy.
In case of backwards incompatible changes please leave a note in a newsfragment file, named {pr_number}.significant.rst or {issue_number}.significant.rst, in newsfragments.