[R] Converter should be able to ingest part of an Array

[asfimport]

#4575 (comment)

to help with ListArray conversion to list of R vectors without having to materialize each Array

Reporter: Romain Francois / @romainfrancois

Related issues:

• [R] Use Converter API to convert SEXP to Array/ChunkedArray (is related to)

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-5628. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[github-actions]

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