[C++] Integrate tracing framework

[asfimport]

As discussed on the mailing list, try integrating a framework like OpenTelemetry to get performance instrumentation (in Datasets) and distributed tracing support (in Flight).

Reporter: David Li / @lidavidm
Assignee: David Li / @lidavidm

Related issues:

• [C++] Update OpenTelemetry to v1.1.0 (is related to)
• [C++][FlightRPC] Enable OpenTelemetry with Arrow Flight (is related to)

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #10260

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-12671. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

David Li / @lidavidm:
Issue resolved by pull request 10260
#10260