[C++] Create fragment scanners for csv/parquet/orc/ipc

[asfimport]

Once we have the basic scan node ready (with an initial implementation based on in-memory fragments) then we can add over the file-format versions. We may also want to consider adding JSON support for datasets at this time.

Reporter: Weston Pace / @westonpace
Assignee: Weston Pace / @westonpace

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #14663

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-17288. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Apache Arrow JIRA Bot:
This issue was last updated over 90 days ago, which may be an indication it is no longer being actively worked. To better reflect the current state, the issue is being unassigned per project policy. Please feel free to re-take assignment of the issue if it is being actively worked, or if you plan to start that work soon.

[raulcd]

@westonpace was this PR closing this ticket? #14663, can we create any follow ups on a different ticket so I can assign this to the 11.0.0 milestone?

[westonpace]

No. The ticket is for all the formats. The PR only added support for one of them so I didn't close the ticket. Perhaps unorthadox but I didn't want to split the JIRA issue into 4 similar issues.