[C++] Support additional source types in SourceNode

[asfimport]

This issue will add support for ArrayVector, ExecBatch, and RecordBatch sources in SourceNode. See this thread for context.

Reporter: Yaron Gvili / @rtpsw
Assignee: Yaron Gvili / @rtpsw

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #14041
• GitHub Pull Request #14207

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-17610. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Weston Pace / @westonpace:
Issue resolved by pull request 14207
#14207