[C++] Dictionary sorting not implemented on chunked array and table

[pitrou]

Describe the enhancement requested

Followup to GH-29887. Dictionary array sorting is now implemented, but handling of chunked dictionary columns (on ChunkedArray and Table) needs to be added as well.

Component(s)

C++

[pitrou]

cc @benibus @coady

[pitrou]

Chunked array sorting is at #38490