[MATLAB] Implement Feather V1 Reader using new MATLAB Interface APIs

[sgilmore10]

Describe the enhancement requested

Now that we've have the basic building blocks for tabular IO in the MATLAB Interface (Array, Schema, RecordBatch), we can implement a Feather V1 reader in terms of the new APIs.

This is the first in a series of issues in which we will work on replacing the legacy feather V1 infrastructure with a new implementation that use the MATLAB Interface APIs. A side effect of doing this work is that we can eventually delete a lot of legacy build infrastructure and code.

Component(s)

MATLAB

[sgilmore10]

take

[sgilmore10]

I meant to take ownership of #37042. Un-assigning my self.