[MATLAB] Remove unused feather V1 MEX infrastructure and code

[sgilmore10]

Describe the enhancement requested

Now that featherread and featherwrite have been re-implemented in terms of the new MATLAB Interface APIs (#37163 and #37047), we can remove the unused feather V1 MEX infrastructure and code.

This includes deleting the following source / header files:

• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/feather_functions.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/feather_reader.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/feather_writer.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/matlab_traits.h
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/util/handle_status.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/feather/util/unicode_conversion.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/mex/call.cc
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/mex/mex_functions.h
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/mex/mex_util.[cc][h]
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/mex/mex_util_test.cc
• arrow/matlab/src/cpp/arrow/matlab/api/visibility.h

The following build infrastructure files can be deleted as well:

• arrow/matlab/build_support/common_vars.m
• arrow/matlab/build_support/compile.m
• arrow/matlab/build_support/test.m

Lastly, we can remove all feather V1 MEX-specific logic from the arrow/matlab/CMakeLists.txt file.

Component(s)

MATLAB

[sgilmore10]

take