[Go][FlightRPC] Stateless prepared statements don't actually work

[lidavidm]

https://github.com/erratic-pattern/arrow/blob/af0765eebfc67579b369e80b5c3d600b580cfcf8/go/arrow/flight/flightsql/client.go#L1110-L1141

We capture the new value, but we continue to use the old desc in the final call to getFlightInfo

Originally posted by @lidavidm in #40311 (comment)

[lidavidm]

Issue resolved by pull request 41428
#41428

[alamb]

Thank you @lidavidm

[matthewmturner]

Cross posting here from a comment I made on the PR for this.

"FYI we are still seeing having issues with stateless prepared statements from go. It seems to be working from a rust client but something going on with the deserialization of the handle where the data in handle is ending up unknown fields of DoPutPreparedStatementResult instead of prepared_statement_handle.

It's possible that the issue is actually on our side but given that the rust client worked without issue I'm inclined to think its on the go client side. I am looking into it, but wanted to raise it here as well."