[C++][Compute] Add gaussian/normal rank function

[pitrou]

Describe the enhancement requested

As a followup to #45190 , add a normal rank (or gaussian rank) function that computes the normal percent-point function of the quantile rank results.

In essence, if quantile rank returns quantiles between 0 and 1, gaussian rank returns the points on the normal distribution corresponding to those quantiles.

Component(s)

C++

[pitrou]

Issue resolved by pull request 45573
#45573