GH-32282: [R] Update case_when() binding to match changes in dplyr

[thisisnic]

This PR implements the .default argument for case_when and raises errors if non-NULL values are supplied for .ptype and .size.

• Closes: [R] Update case_when() binding to match changes in dplyr #32282

[github-actions]

• Closes: [R] Update case_when() binding to match changes in dplyr #32282

[github-actions]

⚠️ GitHub issue #32282 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[thisisnic]

We could implement .ptype in a follow-up ticket if there is user interest in it. A possible implementation might involve calling cast on the case_when expression to cast it to the correct type. We might want to use infer_type() so users can pass in e.g. integer() like in the .ptype example in the dplyr tests. To do this, we can implement infer_type.DataType which just passes the input object back out - then users can input either R objects or Arrow datatypes to this function.

[paleolimbot]

Thanks!

[eitsupi]

Doesn't the note need to be described this way?

arrow/r/R/dplyr-funcs-datetime.R

Lines 81 to 84 in df5f67d

	notes = c(
	"accepts a `unit` argument not present in the `base` function.",
	'Valid values are "s", "ms" (default), "us", "ns".'
	)

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = dec4453 and contender = 1a038ad. 1a038ad is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished ⬇️2.76% ⬆️0.03%] test-mac-arm
[Failed ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished ⬇️0.42% ⬆️0.06%] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
[Finished] 1a038ada ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] 1a038ada test-mac-arm
[Failed] 1a038ada ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] 1a038ada ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
[Finished] dec44537 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] dec44537 test-mac-arm
[Finished] dec44537 ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] dec44537 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java

[ursabot]

['Python', 'R'] benchmarks have high level of regressions.
test-mac-arm