GH-35558: [MATLAB] Add signed integer array MATLAB classes (i.e. Int8Array, Int16Array, Int32Array, Int64Array)

[kevingurney]

Rationale for this change

Followup to #35495 in which we added the MATLAB class Float32Array.

This pull request adds support for round tripping signed integer between arrow.array.<Array> classes and associated MATLAB types (e.g. int8, int16, int32, int64).

Arrow Array Type	MATLAB Type
Int8Array	int8
Int16Array	int16
Int32Array	int32
Int64Array	int64

Example of round-tripping int8 data:

>> int8MatlabArray = int8([1, 2, 3]')

int8MatlabArray =

  3x1 int8 column vector

   1
   2
   3

>> int8ArrowArray = arrow.array.Int8Array(int8MatlabArray) 

int8ArrowArray = 

[
  1,
  2,
  3
]

>> int8MatlabArrayRoundTripped = toMATLAB(int8ArrowArray)

int8MatlabArrayRoundTripped =

  3x1 int8 column vector

   1
   2
   3

>> all(int8MatlabArray == int8MatlabArrayRoundTripped)

ans =

  logical

   1

What changes are included in this PR?

Added four new signed integer type arrow.array.<Array> concrete subclasses.

1. arrow.array.Int8Array
2. arrow.array.Int16Array
3. arrow.array.Int32Array
4. arrow.array.Int64Array

Are these changes tested?

Yes, we added the following four test classes:

1. tInt8Array.m
2. tInt16Array.m
3. tInt32Array.m
4. tInt64Array.m

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes. This change introduces 4 new publicly documented classes:

1. arrow.array.Int8Array
2. arrow.array.Int16Array
3. arrow.array.Int32Array
4. arrow.array.Int64Array

Future Directions

1. Add support for null values (i.e. validity bitmap) for the signed integer array types.

Notes

!. Thank you to @sgilmore10 for her help with this pull request!

• Closes: [MATLAB] Add signed integer array MATLAB classes (i.e. Int8Array, Int16Array, Int32Array, Int64Array)  #35558

[github-actions]

• Closes: [MATLAB] Add signed integer array MATLAB classes (i.e. Int8Array, Int16Array, Int32Array, Int64Array)  #35558

[kevingurney]

Note: This is related to #35562 (see #35562 (comment)). Depending on the order of code review / merging of changes, these changes may need to be rebased. We are more than happy to help with the rebasing if needed.

[kou]

+1

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = 0dca449 and contender = fbe5f64. fbe5f64 is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished ⬇️0.42% ⬆️0.21%] test-mac-arm
[Finished ⬇️1.31% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.21%] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
[Finished] fbe5f641 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] fbe5f641 test-mac-arm
[Finished] fbe5f641 ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] fbe5f641 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
[Finished] 0dca449f ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] 0dca449f test-mac-arm
[Finished] 0dca449f ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] 0dca449f ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java