Improve error handling for array downcasting

[retikulum]

Which issue does this PR close?

Discussed in #3152 .

Rationale for this change

This is the new PR in series to improve error handling for downcasting.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Add as_xxx_array functions for following types to downcast:
  • MapArray
  • NullArray
  • UnionArray
  • TimestampNanosecondArray
  • TimestampMillisecondArray
  • TimestampMicrosecondArray
  • TimestampSecondArray
  • BinaryArray

[retikulum]

Is there any problem about cargo test pyarrow check? Other newly opened PRs are also failed on this test. It seems that problem is in the installation part.

[alamb]

Is there any problem about cargo test pyarrow check? Other newly opened PRs are also failed on this test. It seems that problem is in the installation part.

I agree there is some problem (maybe @isidentical has some idea). I haven't had a chance to look at the check recently and I am nearing my end of day here. If no one has figured it out tomorrow I'll look into it

[alamb]

Check got fixed in #4450

[alamb]

Looks great to me -- thank you @retikulum

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = 0253459 and contender = 799dd74. 799dd74 is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Skipped ⚠️ Benchmarking of arrow-datafusion-commits is not supported on ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Skipped ⚠️ Benchmarking of arrow-datafusion-commits is not supported on test-mac-arm] test-mac-arm
[Skipped ⚠️ Benchmarking of arrow-datafusion-commits is not supported on ursa-i9-9960x] ursa-i9-9960x
[Skipped ⚠️ Benchmarking of arrow-datafusion-commits is not supported on ursa-thinkcentre-m75q] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java