[fix](function) Percentil func core when percent args is non nullable negative number

be/src/vec/aggregate_functions/aggregate_function_percentile.h

@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@ struct PercentileState {
             inited_flag = true;
             vec_counts.resize(1);
             vec_quantile.resize(1);
+            check_quantile(q);
             vec_quantile[0] = q;
         }
         vec_counts[0].increment_batch(source);

regression-test/suites/query_p0/sql_functions/aggregate_functions/test_aggregate_all_functions.groovy

@@ -299,6 +299,28 @@ suite("test_aggregate_all_functions", "arrow_flight_sql") {
         assert("${ex}".contains("3000"))
     }
 
+    sql """
+        drop table if exists percentile_input_no_nullable;
+    """
+    sql """
+        create table percentile_input_no_nullable(a int, b int not null) properties ("replication_num" = "1");
+    """
+    sql """
+        insert into percentile_input_no_nullable values (10, 100), (20,200), (30, 300), (40, 400);
+    """
+
+    try {
+        sql " select percentile(b, -1) from percentile_input_no_nullable;"
+    } catch (Exception ex) {
+        assert("${ex}".contains("-1"))
+    }
+
+    try {
+        sql " select percentile(b, 3000) from percentile_input_no_nullable;"
+    } catch (Exception ex) {
+        assert("${ex}".contains("3000"))
+    }
+
     sql "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ${tableName_13}"