[fix](core) Fix the core issue caused by extra fields when casting a string to a struct.

be/src/vec/data_types/serde/data_type_struct_serde.cpp

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ Status DataTypeStructSerDe::deserialize_one_cell_from_json(IColumn& column, Slic
     char quote_char = 0;
 
     auto elem_size = elem_serdes_ptrs.size();
+    DCHECK_EQ(elem_size, elem_names.size());
     int field_pos = 0;
 
     for (; idx < slice_size; ++idx) {
@@ -138,6 +139,15 @@ Status DataTypeStructSerDe::deserialize_one_cell_from_json(IColumn& column, Slic
             next.trim_prefix();
             next.trim_quote();
             // check field_name
+            if (field_pos >= elem_size) {
+                // we should do column revert if error
+                for (size_t j = 0; j < field_pos; j++) {
+                    struct_column.get_column(j).pop_back(1);
+                }
+                return Status::InvalidArgument(
+                        "Actual struct field number is more than schema field number {}.",
+                        field_pos, elem_size);
+            }
             if (elem_names[field_pos] != next) {
                 // we should do column revert if error
                 for (size_t j = 0; j < field_pos; j++) {

regression-test/data/query_p0/sql_functions/cast_function/test_cast_struct.out

@@ -41,3 +41,6 @@
 -- !sql14 --
 {"f1":1.0, "f2":"2022-10-10 00:00:00"}
 
+-- !sql15 --
+\N
+

regression-test/suites/query_p0/sql_functions/cast_function/test_cast_struct.groovy

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ suite("test_cast_struct") {
     // struct type cast to struct
     qt_sql14 "select cast(cast({1,'2022-10-10'} as struct<f1:int,f2:date>) as struct<f1:double,f2:datetime>)"
 
+    // struct type cast to struct with different field name
+    qt_sql15 """select cast('{"a":1,"b":"1","c":"1","d":"1"}' as struct<a:int, b:int>)"""
+
     // basic types except string can not cast to struct 
     test {
         sql "select cast(cast(1 as int) as struct<f1:int>)"