branch-3.0: [fix](alter) alter partition without storage_policy property will also cancel storage_policy #51662

[github-actions]

Cherry-picked from #51662

[Thearas]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
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Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[Thearas]

run buildall

[doris-robot]

TPC-H: Total hot run time: 39824 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpch-tools
Tpch sf100 test result on commit fe65a69e11b2072d7b6bd8ff3908e6ccc098825a, data reload: false

------ Round 1 ----------------------------------
q1	17580	6670	6554	6554
q2	2073	173	160	160
q3	10594	1104	1177	1104
q4	10535	744	731	731
q5	7751	2898	2835	2835
q6	214	129	129	129
q7	957	637	625	625
q8	9357	1917	2046	1917
q9	6558	6386	6421	6386
q10	6993	2299	2236	2236
q11	459	260	267	260
q12	399	220	216	216
q13	17774	2996	3026	2996
q14	238	205	208	205
q15	500	466	460	460
q16	499	370	376	370
q17	997	598	644	598
q18	7177	6659	6654	6654
q19	1405	1058	1117	1058
q20	473	206	206	206
q21	4080	3156	3199	3156
q22	1064	971	968	968
Total cold run time: 107677 ms
Total hot run time: 39824 ms

----- Round 2, with runtime_filter_mode=off -----
q1	6560	6526	6508	6508
q2	328	230	227	227
q3	2889	2793	2817	2793
q4	2032	1829	1783	1783
q5	5808	5763	5726	5726
q6	207	127	127	127
q7	2259	1834	1822	1822
q8	3432	3517	3535	3517
q9	8977	8832	8942	8832
q10	3560	3529	3486	3486
q11	600	504	480	480
q12	781	599	632	599
q13	10099	3176	3198	3176
q14	315	273	276	273
q15	513	468	460	460
q16	481	455	437	437
q17	1848	1620	1590	1590
q18	8233	7813	7776	7776
q19	1686	1606	1627	1606
q20	2120	1906	1810	1810
q21	5045	4985	5064	4985
q22	1119	1052	1072	1052
Total cold run time: 68892 ms
Total hot run time: 59065 ms

[doris-robot]

TPC-DS: Total hot run time: 197812 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpcds-tools
TPC-DS sf100 test result on commit fe65a69e11b2072d7b6bd8ff3908e6ccc098825a, data reload: false

query1	1315	921	891	891
query2	6358	1975	1915	1915
query3	10809	4406	4323	4323
query4	60652	29630	23873	23873
query5	5240	460	449	449
query6	404	173	180	173
query7	5480	315	306	306
query8	296	218	212	212
query9	8706	2566	2572	2566
query10	452	281	275	275
query11	17967	15180	15899	15180
query12	164	105	111	105
query13	1416	472	429	429
query14	10495	6700	6665	6665
query15	202	180	179	179
query16	7113	482	489	482
query17	1152	623	564	564
query18	1882	300	318	300
query19	216	160	180	160
query20	113	115	109	109
query21	205	105	99	99
query22	4588	4472	4731	4472
query23	35704	34403	34131	34131
query24	6272	2967	2991	2967
query25	533	431	445	431
query26	668	176	181	176
query27	2067	360	365	360
query28	4297	2166	2143	2143
query29	741	483	477	477
query30	240	159	159	159
query31	1014	822	871	822
query32	71	64	61	61
query33	439	320	320	320
query34	1004	517	546	517
query35	867	740	732	732
query36	1079	960	974	960
query37	120	73	71	71
query38	4101	3997	3924	3924
query39	1501	1491	1468	1468
query40	224	109	106	106
query41	55	56	51	51
query42	126	109	106	106
query43	548	511	507	507
query44	1205	826	834	826
query45	191	174	173	173
query46	1240	745	731	731
query47	2034	1910	1940	1910
query48	498	396	398	396
query49	766	430	405	405
query50	898	435	443	435
query51	7564	7343	7253	7253
query52	106	92	97	92
query53	266	193	184	184
query54	602	474	482	474
query55	81	86	83	83
query56	273	251	253	251
query57	1331	1219	1188	1188
query58	224	226	216	216
query59	3433	3181	3181	3181
query60	276	263	259	259
query61	112	111	150	111
query62	763	677	680	677
query63	225	186	189	186
query64	1397	657	632	632
query65	3244	3177	3225	3177
query66	705	297	294	294
query67	15934	15647	15807	15647
query68	4213	576	561	561
query69	430	273	269	269
query70	1198	1087	1070	1070
query71	341	266	262	262
query72	6119	4226	4119	4119
query73	789	355	355	355
query74	10323	9151	9277	9151
query75	3393	2667	2679	2667
query76	2110	1011	1129	1011
query77	498	290	270	270
query78	10684	9586	9631	9586
query79	1479	608	590	590
query80	885	445	433	433
query81	492	218	211	211
query82	1296	91	87	87
query83	243	151	149	149
query84	286	83	79	79
query85	887	306	300	300
query86	332	306	295	295
query87	4522	4296	4255	4255
query88	3639	2435	2432	2432
query89	416	287	292	287
query90	2013	189	188	188
query91	178	152	152	152
query92	67	52	50	50
query93	1908	545	554	545
query94	740	287	294	287
query95	362	269	262	262
query96	664	288	277	277
query97	3293	3142	3158	3142
query98	225	212	193	193
query99	1695	1318	1280	1280
Total cold run time: 315984 ms
Total hot run time: 197812 ms

[doris-robot]

ClickBench: Total hot run time: 30.13 s

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/clickbench-tools
ClickBench test result on commit fe65a69e11b2072d7b6bd8ff3908e6ccc098825a, data reload: false

query1	0.03	0.03	0.03
query2	0.07	0.03	0.03
query3	0.23	0.06	0.07
query4	1.62	0.11	0.10
query5	0.52	0.52	0.52
query6	1.14	0.74	0.73
query7	0.02	0.01	0.02
query8	0.04	0.03	0.03
query9	0.58	0.50	0.51
query10	0.56	0.56	0.57
query11	0.14	0.11	0.11
query12	0.17	0.12	0.12
query13	0.62	0.60	0.58
query14	0.78	0.78	0.81
query15	0.85	0.82	0.82
query16	0.39	0.38	0.39
query17	1.07	1.05	0.96
query18	0.24	0.22	0.22
query19	1.89	1.83	1.85
query20	0.01	0.01	0.01
query21	15.42	0.60	0.60
query22	2.74	1.85	2.40
query23	16.92	0.91	0.94
query24	3.44	1.78	0.91
query25	0.21	0.08	0.11
query26	0.52	0.14	0.14
query27	0.04	0.05	0.06
query28	9.56	0.56	0.46
query29	12.59	3.21	3.17
query30	0.25	0.06	0.05
query31	2.86	0.39	0.40
query32	3.23	0.46	0.46
query33	3.03	2.98	3.00
query34	17.28	4.48	4.50
query35	4.51	4.47	4.47
query36	0.67	0.47	0.50
query37	0.08	0.06	0.05
query38	0.04	0.03	0.04
query39	0.04	0.02	0.02
query40	0.15	0.12	0.13
query41	0.08	0.03	0.02
query42	0.03	0.03	0.02
query43	0.03	0.02	0.02
Total cold run time: 104.69 s
Total hot run time: 30.13 s

[dataroaring]

LGTM