branch-3.1: [fix](alter) alter partition without storage_policy property will also cancel storage_policy #51662

[github-actions]

Cherry-picked from #51662

[Thearas]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
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Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[Thearas]

run buildall

[doris-robot]

TPC-H: Total hot run time: 39343 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpch-tools
Tpch sf100 test result on commit 53cc083e5f41b23ca23ff5d7ae60fbbac581a648, data reload: false

------ Round 1 ----------------------------------
q1	17576	6723	6563	6563
q2	2057	163	176	163
q3	10603	1050	1150	1050
q4	10534	765	689	689
q5	7755	2799	2801	2799
q6	221	138	141	138
q7	973	633	605	605
q8	9362	1958	2006	1958
q9	6579	6377	6380	6377
q10	6975	2283	2294	2283
q11	472	264	266	264
q12	393	228	209	209
q13	17766	2993	2987	2987
q14	229	205	203	203
q15	501	470	460	460
q16	477	367	376	367
q17	976	503	569	503
q18	7202	6638	6480	6480
q19	1435	1112	1004	1004
q20	472	202	198	198
q21	4117	3059	3103	3059
q22	1086	996	984	984
Total cold run time: 107761 ms
Total hot run time: 39343 ms

----- Round 2, with runtime_filter_mode=off -----
q1	6617	6552	6541	6541
q2	328	231	228	228
q3	2881	2771	2763	2763
q4	2037	1794	1824	1794
q5	5670	5750	5684	5684
q6	211	134	135	134
q7	2176	1799	1753	1753
q8	3412	3538	3586	3538
q9	8928	8719	8873	8719
q10	3610	3537	3530	3530
q11	596	497	477	477
q12	780	595	602	595
q13	9347	3109	3194	3109
q14	318	276	283	276
q15	501	458	465	458
q16	481	449	440	440
q17	1834	1617	1591	1591
q18	8187	7771	7725	7725
q19	1674	1591	1478	1478
q20	2156	1829	1771	1771
q21	5095	5054	4894	4894
q22	1167	1041	1055	1041
Total cold run time: 68006 ms
Total hot run time: 58539 ms

[doris-robot]

TPC-DS: Total hot run time: 196365 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpcds-tools
TPC-DS sf100 test result on commit 53cc083e5f41b23ca23ff5d7ae60fbbac581a648, data reload: false

query1	1283	899	918	899
query2	6359	2001	2015	2001
query3	10952	4553	4514	4514
query4	61899	28862	23245	23245
query5	5069	450	453	450
query6	402	176	180	176
query7	5375	313	311	311
query8	304	226	216	216
query9	8008	2579	2584	2579
query10	449	264	256	256
query11	17219	15277	15821	15277
query12	161	104	101	101
query13	1369	473	436	436
query14	9805	7429	7162	7162
query15	204	174	183	174
query16	7189	479	512	479
query17	1133	609	590	590
query18	1884	337	324	324
query19	217	178	158	158
query20	119	112	108	108
query21	207	102	110	102
query22	4649	4424	4717	4424
query23	34435	33769	33605	33605
query24	6139	2938	2981	2938
query25	551	424	437	424
query26	663	170	175	170
query27	1994	366	363	363
query28	4068	2138	2118	2118
query29	685	431	414	414
query30	246	159	162	159
query31	969	785	824	785
query32	63	55	57	55
query33	412	316	288	288
query34	925	497	530	497
query35	858	740	721	721
query36	1114	981	977	977
query37	103	65	68	65
query38	4068	3963	4073	3963
query39	1517	1432	1451	1432
query40	196	103	113	103
query41	50	51	47	47
query42	111	103	105	103
query43	536	502	508	502
query44	1241	805	819	805
query45	185	171	178	171
query46	1134	725	758	725
query47	2016	1886	1900	1886
query48	500	375	387	375
query49	738	392	395	392
query50	844	420	420	420
query51	7333	7336	7198	7198
query52	100	91	93	91
query53	270	185	182	182
query54	582	463	450	450
query55	79	84	75	75
query56	271	257	252	252
query57	1317	1178	1202	1178
query58	224	214	210	210
query59	3310	3189	3051	3051
query60	278	257	260	257
query61	109	103	119	103
query62	767	661	648	648
query63	217	189	189	189
query64	1508	653	641	641
query65	3245	3197	3163	3163
query66	702	289	286	286
query67	15854	15593	15668	15593
query68	3248	578	598	578
query69	425	258	257	257
query70	1136	1081	1127	1081
query71	401	258	266	258
query72	6360	4032	3972	3972
query73	752	347	344	344
query74	9946	8972	9261	8972
query75	3359	2646	2655	2646
query76	2044	1033	1086	1033
query77	549	272	282	272
query78	10587	9625	9526	9526
query79	1615	599	597	597
query80	1239	433	436	433
query81	508	222	212	212
query82	715	87	85	85
query83	164	144	139	139
query84	285	82	82	82
query85	1008	297	287	287
query86	383	297	294	294
query87	4355	4250	4244	4244
query88	3777	2372	2344	2344
query89	429	285	287	285
query90	1978	187	193	187
query91	184	148	150	148
query92	56	51	50	50
query93	1559	540	559	540
query94	742	288	292	288
query95	349	259	257	257
query96	618	278	286	278
query97	3321	3151	3153	3151
query98	223	192	199	192
query99	1654	1307	1281	1281
Total cold run time: 310752 ms
Total hot run time: 196365 ms

[doris-robot]

ClickBench: Total hot run time: 30.51 s

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/clickbench-tools
ClickBench test result on commit 53cc083e5f41b23ca23ff5d7ae60fbbac581a648, data reload: false

query1	0.04	0.03	0.03
query2	0.07	0.03	0.03
query3	0.23	0.06	0.06
query4	1.63	0.10	0.11
query5	0.51	0.50	0.52
query6	1.13	0.73	0.74
query7	0.02	0.01	0.01
query8	0.03	0.03	0.03
query9	0.59	0.52	0.52
query10	0.57	0.57	0.59
query11	0.15	0.11	0.11
query12	0.15	0.12	0.12
query13	0.60	0.59	0.60
query14	0.79	0.79	0.81
query15	0.83	0.83	0.82
query16	0.39	0.38	0.40
query17	1.03	1.03	1.04
query18	0.23	0.22	0.21
query19	1.91	1.75	1.89
query20	0.01	0.01	0.01
query21	15.39	0.59	0.59
query22	2.42	2.24	2.36
query23	17.06	0.96	0.80
query24	3.33	1.66	0.87
query25	0.22	0.22	0.03
query26	0.52	0.13	0.13
query27	0.05	0.05	0.05
query28	9.80	0.54	0.53
query29	12.52	3.24	3.21
query30	0.24	0.06	0.05
query31	2.87	0.38	0.37
query32	3.28	0.45	0.46
query33	2.95	2.99	3.04
query34	17.16	4.52	4.57
query35	4.53	4.51	4.54
query36	0.66	0.47	0.50
query37	0.09	0.06	0.06
query38	0.04	0.04	0.04
query39	0.04	0.03	0.02
query40	0.16	0.12	0.13
query41	0.08	0.03	0.02
query42	0.04	0.02	0.02
query43	0.04	0.03	0.03
Total cold run time: 104.4 s
Total hot run time: 30.51 s