Add BitmapIterationBenchmark and update to JMH 1.17.2

benchmarks/pom.xml

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 
   <properties>
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-    <jmh.version>1.9.2</jmh.version>
+    <jmh.version>1.17.2</jmh.version>
     <javac.target>1.7</javac.target>
     <uberjar.name>benchmarks</uberjar.name>
   </properties>

benchmarks/src/main/java/io/druid/benchmark/BitmapIterationBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to Metamarkets Group Inc. (Metamarkets) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. Metamarkets licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package io.druid.benchmark;
+
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.BitSetBitmapFactory;
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.BitmapFactory;
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.ConciseBitmapFactory;
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.ImmutableBitmap;
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.MutableBitmap;
+import io.druid.collections.bitmap.RoaringBitmapFactory;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.roaringbitmap.IntIterator;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+
+/**
+ * Benchmarks of bitmap iteration and iteration + something (cumulative cost), the latter is useful for comparing total
+ * "usage cost" of different {@link io.druid.segment.data.BitmapSerdeFactory}.
+ *
+ * @see #iter(IterState)
+ * @see #constructAndIter(ConstructAndIterState)
+ * @see #intersectionAndIter(BitmapsForIntersection)
+ * @see #unionAndIter(BitmapsForUnion)
+ */
+@State(Scope.Benchmark)
+@Fork(1)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5)
+public class BitmapIterationBenchmark
+{
+  @Param({"bitset", "concise", "roaring"})
+  public String bitmapAlgo;
+
+  /**
+   * Fraction of set bits in the bitmaps to iterate. For {@link #intersectionAndIter} and
+   * {@link #unionAndIter}, this is the fraction of set bits in the final result of intersection or union.
+   */
+  @Param({"0.0", "0.001", "0.1", "0.5", "0.99", "1.0"})
+  public double prob;
+
+  /**
+   * The size of all bitmaps, i. e. the number of rows in a segment for the most bitmap use cases.
+   */
+  @Param({"1000000"})
+  public int size;
+
+  private BitmapFactory makeFactory() {
+    switch (bitmapAlgo) {
+      case "bitset":
+        return new BitSetBitmapFactory();
+      case "concise":
+        return new ConciseBitmapFactory();
+      case "roaring":
+        return new RoaringBitmapFactory();
+      default:
+        throw new IllegalStateException();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private BitmapFactory factory;
+
+  @Setup
+  public void setup()
+  {
+    factory = makeFactory();
+  }
+
+  private ImmutableBitmap makeBitmap(double prob)
+  {
+    MutableBitmap mutableBitmap = factory.makeEmptyMutableBitmap();
+    Random random = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
+    for (int bit = 0; bit < size; bit++) {
+      if (random.nextDouble() < prob) {
+        mutableBitmap.add(bit);
+      }
+    }
+    return factory.makeImmutableBitmap(mutableBitmap);
+  }
+
+  @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+  public static class IterState
+  {
+    private ImmutableBitmap bitmap;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup(BitmapIterationBenchmark state)
+    {
+      bitmap = state.makeBitmap(state.prob);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * General benchmark of bitmap iteration, this is a part of {@link io.druid.segment.IndexMerger#merge} and
+   * query processing on both realtime and historical nodes.
+   */
+  @Benchmark
+  public int iter(IterState state)
+  {
+    ImmutableBitmap bitmap = state.bitmap;
+    return iter(bitmap);
+  }
+
+  private static int iter(ImmutableBitmap bitmap)
+  {
+    int consume = 0;
+    for (IntIterator it = bitmap.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
+      consume ^= it.next();
+    }
+    return consume;
+  }
+
+  @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+  public static class ConstructAndIterState
+  {
+    private int dataSize;
+    private int[] data;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup(BitmapIterationBenchmark state)
+    {
+      data = new int[(int) (state.size * state.prob) * 2];
+      dataSize = 0;
+      Random random = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
+      for (int bit = 0; bit < state.size; bit++) {
+        if (random.nextDouble() < state.prob) {
+          data[dataSize] = bit;
+          dataSize++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmark of cumulative cost of construction of an immutable bitmap and then iterating over it. This is a pattern
+   * from realtime nodes, see {@link io.druid.segment.StringDimensionIndexer#fillBitmapsFromUnsortedEncodedArray}.
+   * However this benchmark is yet approximate and to be improved to better reflect actual workloads of realtime nodes.
+   */
+  @Benchmark
+  public int constructAndIter(ConstructAndIterState state)
+  {
+    int dataSize = state.dataSize;
+    int[] data = state.data;
+    MutableBitmap mutableBitmap = factory.makeEmptyMutableBitmap();
+    for (int i = 0; i < dataSize; i++) {
+      mutableBitmap.add(data[i]);
+    }
+    ImmutableBitmap bitmap = factory.makeImmutableBitmap(mutableBitmap);
+    return iter(bitmap);
+  }
+
+  @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+  public static class BitmapsForIntersection
+  {
+    /**
+     * Number of bitmaps to intersect.
+     */
+    @Param({"2", "10", "100"})
+    public int n;
+
+    private ImmutableBitmap[] bitmaps;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup(BitmapIterationBenchmark state)
+    {
+      // prob of intersection = product (probs of intersected bitmaps), prob = intersectedBitmapProb ^ n
+      double intersectedBitmapProb = Math.pow(state.prob, 1.0 / n);
+      bitmaps = new ImmutableBitmap[n];
+      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        bitmaps[i] = state.makeBitmap(intersectedBitmapProb);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmark of cumulative cost of bitmap intersection with subsequent iteration over the result. This is a pattern
+   * from query processing of historical nodes, when {@link io.druid.segment.filter.AndFilter} is used.
+   */
+  @Benchmark
+  public int intersectionAndIter(BitmapsForIntersection state)
+  {
+    ImmutableBitmap intersection = factory.intersection(Arrays.asList(state.bitmaps));
+    return iter(intersection);
+  }
+
+  @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+  public static class BitmapsForUnion
+  {
+    /**
+     * Number of bitmaps to union.
+     */
+    @Param({"2", "10", "100"})
+    public int n;
+
+    private ImmutableBitmap[] bitmaps;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup(BitmapIterationBenchmark state)
+    {
+      double prob = Math.pow(state.prob, 1.0 / n);
+      MutableBitmap[] mutableBitmaps = new MutableBitmap[n];
+      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        mutableBitmaps[i] = state.factory.makeEmptyMutableBitmap();
+      }
+      Random r = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
+      for (int i = 0; i < state.size; i++) {
+        // unions are usually search/filter/select of multiple values of one dimension, so making bitmaps disjoint will
+        // make benchmarks closer to actual workloads
+        MutableBitmap bitmap = mutableBitmaps[r.nextInt(n)];
+        // In one selected bitmap, set the bit with probability=prob, to have the same fraction of set bit in the union
+        if (r.nextDouble() < prob) {
+          bitmap.add(i);
+        }
+      }
+      bitmaps = new ImmutableBitmap[n];
+      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        bitmaps[i] = state.factory.makeImmutableBitmap(mutableBitmaps[i]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmark of cumulative cost of bitmap union with subsequent iteration over the result. This is a pattern from
+   * query processing on historical nodes, when filters like {@link io.druid.segment.filter.DimensionPredicateFilter},
+   * {@link io.druid.query.filter.RegexDimFilter}, {@link io.druid.query.filter.SearchQueryDimFilter} and similar are
+   * used.
+   */
+  @Benchmark
+  public int unionAndIter(BitmapsForUnion state)
+  {
+    ImmutableBitmap intersection = factory.union(Arrays.asList(state.bitmaps));
+    return iter(intersection);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This main() is for debugging from the IDE.
+   */
+  public static void main(String[] args)
+  {
+    BitmapIterationBenchmark state = new BitmapIterationBenchmark();
+    state.bitmapAlgo = "concise";
+    state.prob = 0.001;
+    state.size = 1000000;
+    state.setup();
+
+    BitmapsForIntersection state2 = new BitmapsForIntersection();
+    state2.setup(state);
+    state.intersectionAndIter(state2);
+  }
+}