refactor(binding/python): Add multiple custom exception for each of error code in Rust Core

[Zheaoli]

Signed-off-by: Manjusaka me@manjusaka.me

[Xuanwo]

Mostly LGTM, @messense would you like to take another review?

[messense]

I think there should still be a catch-all opendal Exception just like the original Error type, other exceptions should subclass from it, forming an exception hierarchy.

See also PyO3/pyo3#3452

[Xuanwo]

I think there should still be a catch-all opendal Exception just like the original Error type, other exceptions should subclass from it, forming an exception hierarchy.

So we will have opendal.exceptions.Error and all other exceptions are subclasses of it?

[messense]

So we will have opendal.exceptions.Error and all other exceptions are subclasses of it?

Exactly, to catch any opendal exception, user should not need to catch Exception because that would also catch non-opendal exceptions.

A good exception hierarchy example is https://github.com/psf/requests/blob/main/src/requests/exceptions.py

[Zheaoli]

So we will have opendal.exceptions.Error and all other exceptions are subclasses of it?

Exactly, to catch any opendal exception, user should not need to catch Exception because that would also catch non-opendal exceptions.

A good exception hierarchy example is https://github.com/psf/requests/blob/main/src/requests/exceptions.py

SGTM

[messense]

Can we also add a test case to ensure that catching any opendal exception using Error works?