feat(api): add featured datatypes to dashboard dataset ep

[villebro]

SUMMARY

To be able to filter out unnecessary filter types on the native filters config form (primarily temporal filters, but potentially others later), we need to know what types of datatypes are available on the datasets that are referenced on the dashboard. While we recently added the type_generic field to the column object (see #14863) and could iterate through all columns to check if they are temporal or not, the list of columns that are returned by the response from api/v1/dashboard/<pk>/datasets have been pre-filtered to contain only a subset of the actually featured columns. Therefore, we either need to return the full list of columns in the response, or add a new field that contains a list of datatypes featured in the dataset columns. To avoid bloating the response payload, this PR proposes adding the latter, i.e. a new field column_types to the response, that contains a list of all GenericDataTypes that are featured in the dataset columns.

BEFORE/AFTER SCREENSHOTS OR ANIMATED GIF

With this change, a new property column_types is available on Redux:

TESTING INSTRUCTIONS

CI + updated test

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

• Has associated issue:
• Changes UI
• Includes DB Migration (follow approval process in SIP-59)
  • Migration is atomic, supports rollback & is backwards-compatible
  • Confirm DB migration upgrade and downgrade tested
  • Runtime estimates and downtime expectations provided
• Introduces new feature or API
• Removes existing feature or API

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #15188 (6716a32) into master (6edf340) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

❗ Current head 6716a32 differs from pull request most recent head b47ac07. Consider uploading reports for the commit b47ac07 to get more accurate results

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master   #15188   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   77.40%   77.40%           
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  Files         969      969           
  Lines       50021    50031   +10     
  Branches     6432     6432           
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+ Hits        38717    38727   +10     
  Misses      11099    11099           
  Partials      205      205           

Flag	Coverage Δ
hive	81.42% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
mysql	81.69% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
postgres	81.71% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
python	82.09% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
sqlite	81.34% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
superset/connectors/base/models.py	88.70% <100.00%> (+0.33%)	⬆️
superset/dashboards/schemas.py	99.37% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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[dpgaspar]

LGTM