Prebuild trafficserver for Dev CDN-in-a-Box

[zrhoffman]

This PR

• Adds a workflow that builds and pushes the ghcr.io/apache/trafficcontrol/ci/trafficserver-alpine Docker image
• Updates the t3c docker-compose service of the Dev CDN-in-a-Box to be based on the ghcr.io/apache/trafficcontrol/ci/trafficserver-alpine image, which decreases the build time of the t3c service's image from 7 minutes to about 30 seconds on my computer (and decreases the image build time in TR Ultimate Test Harness GHA workflow #6588 from 14 minutes to 1.25 minutes).

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Which Traffic Control components are affected by this PR?

• Dev CDN in a Box
• Automation - GitHub Container Registry

What is the best way to verify this PR?

1. Push the zrhoffman:ghcr.io/apache/trafficcontrol/ci/trafficserver-alpine branch to the master branch of your Traffic Control fork
2. Go to your fork -> Actions -> Container ghcr.io/apache/trafficcontrol/ci/trafficserver-alpine workflow and manually trigger the worflow
3. Wait for the workflow to complete (~14 minutes)
4. Verify that https://github.com/<Your Fork>/trafficcontrol/pkgs/container/trafficcontrol/ci/trafficserver-alpine was created

PR submission checklist

• This PR has tests
• This PR has documentation
• This PR has a CHANGELOG.md entry
• This PR DOES NOT FIX A SERIOUS SECURITY VULNERABILITY (see the Apache Software Foundation's security guidelines for details)

[zrhoffman]

Okay, done making changes

[ocket8888]

Overwriting only the Go version in this file in 9d1b0fe

Do you have a place you already tested that that I could look at to see it working?

[zrhoffman]

Overwriting only the Go version in this file in 9d1b0fe

Do you have a place you already tested that that I could look at to see it working?

Sure, it's passing on my fork here

Edit: Linked to a run from after I removed quoting
Edit edit: Linked to a run that uses kwargs
Edit edit edit: Linked to a run that updates GO_VERSION and .env in a single tree
Edit edit edit edit: Linked to a run where author and committer are conditionally set if author exists
Edit edit edit edit edit: Linked to a run using PurePath
Edit edit edit edit edit: Linked to a run that does not use kwargs anymore