Make --config and --isolated global flags

[AlexWaygood]

Summary

Fixes #9892.

This PR makes --config and --isolated global flags that are accepted by all ruff subcommands: ruff will no longer error out if a redundant --config argument is passed to a command such as ruff version or ruff rule. The flag has no effect for subcommands that do not need it (but it is still validated).

Test Plan

There were no tests for ruff version, so I added them as part of this PR, and used the new tests to assert that the --config flag is now accepted by ruff version. I also manually tested to check things were working as expected.

[github-actions]

ruff-ecosystem results

Linter (stable)

✅ ecosystem check detected no linter changes.

Linter (preview)

✅ ecosystem check detected no linter changes.

Formatter (stable)

✅ ecosystem check detected no format changes.

Formatter (preview)

✅ ecosystem check detected no format changes.

[MichaReiser]

Improvements that we could make that are unrelated to your change but could improve readability (as separate PRs):

• Rename HelpFormat to OutputFormat.
• Move ConfigArguments next to FormatArguments and CheckArguments.

[AlexWaygood]

Alright, ready for another look, I think 😅 the implementation now uses clap(flatten), as you suggested!